Java study notes --- Stream flow

1. Experience Stream 【Understanding】

• case requirements

  Complete the creation and traversal of the collection according to the following requirements

  • Create a collection that stores multiple string elements

  • Store all elements starting with "Zhang" in the collection to a new collection

  • Store the elements of length 3 in the collection starting with "Zhang" into a new collection

  • Traverse the collection obtained in the previous step

• Original way sample code

public class MyStream1 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //集合的批量添加
        ArrayList<String> list1 = new ArrayList<>(List.of("张三丰","张无忌","张翠山","王二麻子","张良","谢广坤"));
        //list.add()

        //遍历list1把以张开头的元素添加到list2中。
        ArrayList<String> list2 = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String s : list1) {
            if(s.startsWith("张")){
                list2.add(s);
            }
        }
        //遍历list2集合，把其中长度为3的元素，再添加到list3中。
        ArrayList<String> list3 = new ArrayList<>();
        for (String s : list2) {
            if(s.length() == 3){
                list3.add(s);
            }
        }
        for (String s : list3) {
            System.out.println(s);
        }      
    }
}

• Use the Stream sample code

public class StreamDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //集合的批量添加
        ArrayList<String> list1 = new ArrayList<>(List.of("张三丰","张无忌","张翠山","王二麻子","张良","谢广坤"));

        //Stream流
        list1.stream().filter(s->s.startsWith("张"))
                .filter(s->s.length() == 3)
                .forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));
    }
}

• Benefits of Streaming

  • Directly reading the literal meaning of the code can perfectly display the semantics of the irrelevant logic method: get stream, filter surname, filter length is 3, print one by one

  • Stream stream brings true functional programming style to Java

  • code concise

 

 

2. Common generation methods of Stream [Application]

• The idea of ​​Stream

• Three types of methods of Stream

  • Get Stream stream

    • Create a pipeline and put data on the pipeline ready for operation

  • intermediate method

    • Operations on the pipeline

    • After one operation is completed, you can continue to perform other operations

  • Termination method

    • A Stream can only have one finalizer

    • is the last operation on the pipeline

• The way to generate Stream stream

  • Collection system collection

    Generate a stream using the default method stream(), default Stream<E> stream()

  • Map system collection

    Convert the Map into a Set collection and generate streams indirectly

  • array

    Generate a stream through the static method stream in Arrays

  • Multiple data of the same data type

    Generate a stream through the static method of(T... values) of the Stream interface

• code demo

public class StreamDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //Collection体系的集合可以使用默认方法stream()生成流
        List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();
        Stream<String> listStream = list.stream();

        Set<String> set = new HashSet<String>();
        Stream<String> setStream = set.stream();

        //Map体系的集合间接的生成流
        Map<String,Integer> map = new HashMap<String, Integer>();
        Stream<String> keyStream = map.keySet().stream();
        Stream<Integer> valueStream = map.values().stream();
        Stream<Map.Entry<String, Integer>> entryStream = map.entrySet().stream();

        //数组可以通过Arrays中的静态方法stream生成流
        String[] strArray = {"hello","world","java"};
        Stream<String> strArrayStream = Arrays.stream(strArray);
      
      	//同种数据类型的多个数据可以通过Stream接口的静态方法of(T... values)生成流
        Stream<String> strArrayStream2 = Stream.of("hello", "world", "java");
        Stream<Integer> intStream = Stream.of(10, 20, 30);
    }
}

  

 

3. The intermediate operation method of Stream [Application]

• concept

  The intermediate operation means that after executing this method, the Stream stream can still continue to perform other operations

• common method

  method name	illustrate
  Stream<T> filter(Predicate predicate)	Used to filter the data in the stream
  Stream<T> limit(long maxSize)	Returns a stream composed of elements in this stream, and intercepts the data of the specified number of parameters before
  Stream<T> skip(long n)	Skips the data of the specified number of parameters and returns a stream consisting of the remaining elements of the stream
  static <T> Stream<T> concat(Stream a, Stream b)	Merge two streams a and b into one stream
  Stream<T> distinct()	Returns a stream consisting of the distinct elements of this stream (according to Object.equals(Object) )

filter code demo

public class MyStream3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
//        Stream<T> filter(Predicate predicate)：过滤
//        Predicate接口中的方法	boolean test(T t)：对给定的参数进行判断，返回一个布尔值

        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("张三丰");
        list.add("张无忌");
        list.add("张翠山");
        list.add("王二麻子");
        list.add("张良");
        list.add("谢广坤");

        //filter方法获取流中的 每一个数据.
        //而test方法中的s,就依次表示流中的每一个数据.
        //我们只要在test方法中对s进行判断就可以了.
        //如果判断的结果为true,则当前的数据留下
        //如果判断的结果为false,则当前数据就不要.
//        list.stream().filter(
//                new Predicate<String>() {
//                    @Override
//                    public boolean test(String s) {
//                        boolean result = s.startsWith("张");
//                        return result;
//                    }
//                }
//        ).forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));

        //因为Predicate接口中只有一个抽象方法test
        //所以我们可以使用lambda表达式来简化
//        list.stream().filter(
//                (String s)->{
//                    boolean result = s.startsWith("张");
//                        return result;
//                }
//        ).forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));

        list.stream().filter(s ->s.startsWith("张")).forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));

    }
}

limit&skip code demo

public class StreamDemo02 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建一个集合，存储多个字符串元素
        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();

        list.add("林青霞");
        list.add("张曼玉");
        list.add("王祖贤");
        list.add("柳岩");
        list.add("张敏");
        list.add("张无忌");

        //需求1：取前3个数据在控制台输出
        list.stream().limit(3).forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));
        System.out.println("--------");

        //需求2：跳过3个元素，把剩下的元素在控制台输出
        list.stream().skip(3).forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));
        System.out.println("--------");

        //需求3：跳过2个元素，把剩下的元素中前2个在控制台输出
        list.stream().skip(2).limit(2).forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));
    }
}

---

concat&distinct code demo

public class StreamDemo03 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建一个集合，存储多个字符串元素
        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();

        list.add("林青霞");
        list.add("张曼玉");
        list.add("王祖贤");
        list.add("柳岩");
        list.add("张敏");
        list.add("张无忌");

        //需求1：取前4个数据组成一个流
        Stream<String> s1 = list.stream().limit(4);

        //需求2：跳过2个数据组成一个流
        Stream<String> s2 = list.stream().skip(2);

        //需求3：合并需求1和需求2得到的流，并把结果在控制台输出
//        Stream.concat(s1,s2).forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));

        //需求4：合并需求1和需求2得到的流，并把结果在控制台输出，要求字符串元素不能重复
        Stream.concat(s1,s2).distinct().forEach(s-> System.out.println(s));
    }
}

 

 

4. Operation method of Stream termination [Application]

• concept

  The final operation means that after executing this method, the Stream stream will no longer be able to perform other operations

• common method

  method name	illustrate
  void forEach(Consumer action)	perform an operation on each element of this stream
  long count()	returns the number of elements in this stream

• code demo

public class MyStream5 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("张三丰");
        list.add("张无忌");
        list.add("张翠山");
        list.add("王二麻子");
        list.add("张良");
        list.add("谢广坤");

        //method1(list);
        
//        long count()：返回此流中的元素数
        long count = list.stream().count();
        System.out.println(count);
    }

    private static void method1(ArrayList<String> list) {
        //  void forEach(Consumer action)：对此流的每个元素执行操作
        //  Consumer接口中的方法void accept(T t)：对给定的参数执行此操作
        //在forEach方法的底层,会循环获取到流中的每一个数据.
        //并循环调用accept方法,并把每一个数据传递给accept方法
        //s就依次表示了流中的每一个数据.
        //所以,我们只要在accept方法中,写上处理的业务逻辑就可以了.
        list.stream().forEach(
                new Consumer<String>() {
                    @Override
                    public void accept(String s) {
                        System.out.println(s);
                    }
                }
        );
      
        System.out.println("====================");
        //lambda表达式的简化格式
        //是因为Consumer接口中,只有一个accept方法
        list.stream().forEach(
                (String s)->{
                    System.out.println(s);
                }
        );
        System.out.println("====================");
        //lambda表达式还是可以进一步简化的.
        list.stream().forEach(s->System.out.println(s));
    }
}

 

 

5. Stream collection operation 【Application】

• concept

  After using the Stream method to operate the data, you can collect the data in the stream into a collection

• common method

  method name	illustrate
  R collect(Collector collector)	Collect the results into a collection

• Tool class Collectors provide specific collection methods

  method name	illustrate
  public static <T> Collector toList()	Collect the elements into the List collection
  public static <T> Collector toSet()	Collect the elements into the Set collection
  public static Collector toMap(Function keyMapper,Function valueMapper)	Collect the elements into the Map collection

• code demo

// toList和toSet方法演示 
public class MyStream7 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ArrayList<Integer> list1 = new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
            list1.add(i);
        }

        list1.add(10);
        list1.add(10);
        list1.add(10);
        list1.add(10);
        list1.add(10);

        //filter负责过滤数据的.
        //collect负责收集数据.
                //获取流中剩余的数据,但是他不负责创建容器,也不负责把数据添加到容器中.
        //Collectors.toList() : 在底层会创建一个List集合.并把所有的数据添加到List集合中.
        List<Integer> list = list1.stream().filter(number -> number % 2 == 0)
                .collect(Collectors.toList());

        System.out.println(list);

    Set<Integer> set = list1.stream().filter(number -> number % 2 == 0)
            .collect(Collectors.toSet());
    System.out.println(set);
}
}
/**
Stream流的收集方法 toMap方法演示
创建一个ArrayList集合，并添加以下字符串。字符串中前面是姓名，后面是年龄
"zhangsan,23"
"lisi,24"
"wangwu,25"
保留年龄大于等于24岁的人，并将结果收集到Map集合中，姓名为键，年龄为值
*/
public class MyStream8 {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
      	ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
        list.add("zhangsan,23");
        list.add("lisi,24");
        list.add("wangwu,25");

        Map<String, Integer> map = list.stream().filter(
                s -> {
                    String[] split = s.split(",");
                    int age = Integer.parseInt(split[1]);
                    return age >= 24;
                }

         //   collect方法只能获取到流中剩余的每一个数据.
         //在底层不能创建容器,也不能把数据添加到容器当中

         //Collectors.toMap 创建一个map集合并将数据添加到集合当中

          // s 依次表示流中的每一个数据

          //第一个lambda表达式就是如何获取到Map中的键
          //第二个lambda表达式就是如何获取Map中的值
        ).collect(Collectors.toMap(
                s -> s.split(",")[0],
                s -> Integer.parseInt(s.split(",")[1]) ));

        System.out.println(map);
	}
}

 

 

6. Comprehensive exercise of Stream [Application]

• case requirements

  Now there are two ArrayList collections, which store the names of 6 actors and 6 actresses respectively, and the following operations are required

  • Actors only need the first three names with 3 characters

  • Actresses only need to be surnamed Lin, and don't need to be the first

  • Merge the filtered actor and actress names together

  • Use the elements after the previous step as the parameters of the constructor to create actor objects and traverse the data

  The actor class Actor has been provided, which has a member variable, a construction method with parameters, and the get/set method corresponding to the member variable

• Code

  actor class

public class Actor {
    private String name;

    public Actor(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
}

test class

public class StreamTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        //创建集合
        ArrayList<String> manList = new ArrayList<String>();
        manList.add("周润发");
        manList.add("成龙");
        manList.add("刘德华");
        manList.add("吴京");
        manList.add("周星驰");
        manList.add("李连杰");
  
        ArrayList<String> womanList = new ArrayList<String>();
        womanList.add("林心如");
        womanList.add("张曼玉");
        womanList.add("林青霞");
        womanList.add("柳岩");
        womanList.add("林志玲");
        womanList.add("王祖贤");
  
        //男演员只要名字为3个字的前三人
        Stream<String> manStream = manList.stream().filter(s -> s.length() == 3).limit(3);
  
        //女演员只要姓林的，并且不要第一个
        Stream<String> womanStream = womanList.stream().filter(s -> s.startsWith("林")).skip(1);
  
        //把过滤后的男演员姓名和女演员姓名合并到一起
        Stream<String> stream = Stream.concat(manStream, womanStream);
  
      	// 将流中的数据封装成Actor对象之后打印
      	stream.forEach(name -> {
            Actor actor = new Actor(name);
            System.out.println(actor);
        }); 
    }
}