1. Screenshots of the system (if you need a demo video, you can chat privately)
Summary
The popularity of the Internet has changed people's normal life, study and consumption habits, and it has also greatly saved people's time. Since various management systems have continued to increase, it is more convenient for users and has improved a lot of user habits. There is no systematic management method for the query of the course selection and scheduling system. In order to improve the efficiency of the course selection and scheduling system, this course selection and scheduling system is specially developed.
The design of the course selection and scheduling system is mainly to consider the functions to be realized by the system in detail, and design the interface after determining the functions to be realized. In the process, it is also necessary to consider how to better combine functions and pages. It is convenient for users to find the information they need easily and clearly, as well as the operability of the system platform in the later stage, and develop technology through a detailed understanding of information content.
The development of the course selection and scheduling system utilizes the existing mature technical references, uses the source code as a template, analyzes the function adjustment and combines the actual needs of the course selection and scheduling system, and discusses the use of JSP development of the course selection and scheduling system.
Keywords: course selection and scheduling system; JSP; MYSQL
directory
1.1 System development background
Chapter 2 System Requirements Analysis
3 Introduction to key technologies
3.1 Introduction to JSP technology
3.3 MyEclipse development environment
4.1 System Functional Requirements
Chapter 5 System Implementation
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 System development background
Opportunities and challenges always coexist. In the face of an open Internet platform, the information management of the course selection and scheduling system is facing huge challenges. The traditional management mode is limited to the management of simple data and cannot adapt to the changing market structure. In the early stage, before computer technology and network technology were integrated into the management method of student course selection data, all management methods completed the exchange and processing of management information through manual operation, with low efficiency and high error rate, resulting in a serious waste of material resources and human resources. and financial resources.
The system management will also be intelligently operated through computers. There are a lot of data information and data storage involved in the online course selection and scheduling system, such as all personal centers, announcement information, class management, student management, and teacher management. Management, course name management, course information management, class schedule information management, student course selection management, course withdrawal information management, etc., this course selection and scheduling system is developed to provide users with an online course selection and scheduling system platform, and at the same time it is convenient for administrators Process the course selection information of students and teachers. The system meets the needs of users with different rights, that is, administrators and users. Management related information can be timely, accurate and effective for systematic, standardized and effective work.
1.2 Significance of the topic
As users of the current course selection and scheduling system are responsible for more and more work, the data involved also increases accordingly. The traditional query mode of student course selection information is faced with a large amount of data information, and the efficiency of providing data to users will be slow, and the waiting time for users is relatively long, so this can neither meet the needs of users nor provide users with more effective information. At the same time, the work efficiency of management personnel is low when viewing or editing information such as student course selection and teacher course information. Therefore, the development of an online course selection and scheduling system can change these shortcomings.
At present, the online course selection and scheduling system is attracting the attention of many people. Building an online course selection and scheduling system through the Internet can provide users with better services and improve work efficiency for users. It can also better build more regions and data information for us.
The traditional statistics of student course selection information are manually checked and verified, and the amount of information is large. Due to the use of manual statistical data, the workload is heavy and the error rate is high. Of course, there will be many problems of data storage and loss. For searching A certain piece of data is cumbersome, delays time, and affects work efficiency. In order to improve work efficiency, we urgently need to develop this system of course selection and scheduling. Information about the online course selection and scheduling system has become inevitable.
1.3 Research content
The course selection and scheduling system is developed using JSP and the technology used in the development environment, which realizes the systematization, efficiency and scientificity of the course selection and scheduling system.
The course selection and scheduling system mainly allows users to log in to the user operation interface, which is convenient for users to view and manage students' course selection information. For administrators, the statistics and management of data information can be performed. The realization of the course selection and scheduling system is mainly for the entire The function that the system wants to realize and every step of the realization of the function, the overall analysis, design, code writing and other content of the system are implemented, and finally the operation of the entire intelligent management system is completed.
Chapter 2 System Requirements Analysis
2.1 Feasibility analysis
1. Technical feasibility analysis:
Technical feasibility mainly depends on whether the software and hardware configuration used in system design and development can meet the application requirements, and whether related technologies can guarantee the normal operation of the system after the design is completed. This website is developed in the Windows operating system, and the performance of the current PC is already capable of serving as a web server for ordinary websites. The technology used in system development is also owned by itself, and it is also one of the widely used technologies at present.
The development environment and configuration of the system can be installed by yourself. Using a relatively mature MYSQL database for data interaction with the background of the system, managing the database according to the technical language, and modifying and maintaining the system according to the needs can make the system run more stable and safe. , so as to complete the development of the realization system. The system currently adopts relatively mature JSP technology, which can be edited on an ordinary text editor without compiling, and can be directly executed on the server. It is easy to learn and operate, and using the B/S model as the basis of software development is highly compatible and flexible, and it is completely feasible to analyze system development from the perspective of technical feasibility.
2. Economic feasibility
In the development of the course selection and scheduling system, the first step is to consider the cost of the system to be developed after the completion of the development, and use the system as a graduation project. Therefore, the economic feasibility must be analyzed, and whether the development of the system needs to be spent Money to buy other software or author hardware, as well as some interface docking, if the development of the entire system requires expenses to purchase these, it will definitely not work. Instructing teachers and some students to help solve problems does not require other expenses, so the course selection and scheduling system developed by students is economically feasible.
3. Operation feasibility
The operability mainly refers to the degree of user experience after the design of the course selection and scheduling system is completed. For the administrator, the relevant data information can be managed at any time through the system, and for the three user roles of administrator, student, and teacher, it can be simple and clear Entering into its own system interface, the functional modules can be operated simply and clearly through the interface navigation menu, which is convenient for user information needs and administrators to manage data information. For the operation of the system, the operation and management of functional modules can be directly carried out without professionals. So the operability of the system is completely ok.
2.2 Non-functional analysis
For performance analysis, compared with the traditional management method, the traditional management method uses manual statistics and management of data information with paper and pen, and this method is more troublesome for storing and finding certain data information. With the advent of computer networks, this traditional method is difficult to adapt to the development of the current society. It not only reduces people's work efficiency, but also requires a lot of manpower and material resources, which is relatively high in terms of time and cost. Reduce costs, improve user efficiency, and develop a course selection and scheduling system based on computer and network technology.
The development and design of the course selection and scheduling system is an independent system. The MYSQL database is used for data storage and development. Course system platform, so that not only will there be no traditional management differences and low efficiency, but it is just the opposite of traditional management information. The realization of the course selection and scheduling system can save resources, and the processing speed of business is also improved, fast and efficient High and functional.
2.3 Project Design Principles
1. Basic requirements for the course selection and scheduling system
(1) Functional requirements: administrators can implement functional modules such as personal center, announcement information, class management, student management, teacher management, course name management, course information management, class schedule information management, student course selection management, and class withdrawal information management.
Teachers can realize the functional modules of personal center, announcement letter management, class schedule information management, course information management, student course selection management, and course withdrawal information management, and perform corresponding operations.
Students can perform corresponding operations on functional modules such as the actual personal center, announcement information management, class schedule information management, course information management, student course selection management, and course withdrawal information management.
(2) Performance: It can be implemented without errors on different operating systems, and the expected operations can be performed conveniently without errors after logging in to the corresponding interface for different types of users.
(3) Security and confidentiality requirements: users must pass identity verification to enter the system, and user permissions also need to be limited according to user types.
(4) Environmental requirements: It supports multiple platforms and can be used under various operating systems such as Windows series and Vista system.
2. Development goals
The main development goals of the course selection and scheduling system are as follows:
(1) Realize the systematization, standardization and automation of information relations in the management system;
(2) Reduce the workload of maintenance personnel and realize the control and management of information by users.
(3) It is convenient to inquire about information and manage information, etc.;
(4) Improve the efficiency of dealing with problems and increase the utilization rate of personnel through network operation;
(5) Considering the diversity of users, the interface is required to be simple and easy to operate.
3. Design principles
The system adopts JSP technology and Mysql database development, which fully guarantees the stability and integrity of the system.
The design idea of the design and implementation of the course selection and scheduling system is as follows:
1. Easy operation and good interface: simple and clear page layout, easy to query relevant information
2. Immediately visible: The processing of system information will be immediately available for query at the corresponding location, realizing the function of "instant release and immediate effect".
3. Completeness of functions: It is possible to add, modify, and maintain the functional modules of various aspects that users can use.
3 Introduction to key technologies
3.1 Introduction to JSP technology
JSP technology itself is a scripting language, but its function is very powerful, because it can use all JAVA classes. When it is combined with the JavaBeans class, it can separate the display logic from the content, which greatly facilitates the needs of users. JavaBeans can expand the program of JSP technology to form a new application program, and the code of JavaBeans can be reused, so it is convenient to maintain the program. JavaBean components have internal interfaces that can help different people access the system. In 1999, Sun Microsystems officially launched JSP technology, which is a dynamic technology based on the entire JAVA system and JavaServlet. It is a universally applicable WEB technology and one of the core technologies of this system design. JSP technology can greatly improve the running speed of WEB pages. These contents are combined with scripts and encapsulated by JavaBean and Servlet components. All scripts run on the server side, and the JSP engine will interpret the application submitted by the client, then generate script programs and JSP tags, and then feed back the results to the browser through HTML/XML pages. Therefore, when developers personally design the format and HTML/XML markup of the final page, they can fully use JSP technology.
Therefore, in combination with the requirements of the logistics management system and the realization of functional modules, it is most appropriate to use JSP technology, and the scalability of JSP is relatively good. For the logistics management system, the system functions can be continuously expanded during the later use process, making the system more complete. , more convenient to meet user management.
3.2 Introduction to JAVA
Java mainly adopts CORBA technology and security model, which can protect data in Internet applications. It also provides comprehensive support for EJB (Enterprise JavaBeans), java servlet API, JSP (java server pages), and XML technology. Much progress. For example, while I'm writing this article in Microsoft Word, I also have an MP3 player turned on to play music. Occasionally, I also edit Word and have my machine do the print job, which I also like via IE. For me, these operations are performed simultaneously, and I don't need to wait for a song to finish editing my thesis. It seems like they all work for me on my machine at the same time. The truth is, for a CPU, it can only execute one program at a certain point in time. The CPU is constantly "jumping" between these programs. So why don't we see any damage? This is because, compared to our feelings, it moves too fast. So although we see some synchronous operations, it's really only possible for a computer to execute one program at a time, unless your computer is multi-CPU.
Java is a computer programming language with three main features of encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism, widely used in enterprise web application development and mobile application development.
The difference between the Java language and general compilers and literal translation is that Java first converts the source code into bytecode, and then converts it into an executable file for the JVM, which can run on various JVMs. Therefore, its cross-platform characteristics are realized. While this made Java very slow in its early days, it has improved as Java has been developed.
3.3 MyEclipse development environment
MyEclipse has extensive support, high compatibility and powerful functions. It is a collection of Eclipse plug-ins, which are generally suitable for JAVA and J2EE system development. It supports JDBC, Hibernate, AJAX, Struts, Java Servlet, Spring, EJB3 and almost all databases on the market. Link tools and mainstream Eclipse product development tools.
MyEclipse is a well-known development tool in the industry, and the platform uses this tool during the development process. MyEclipse is also known as an enterprise-level work platform, which is based on the Eclipse IDE. MyEclipse can help us in the research and development of database and the use of J2EE. In addition, it can also improve the operation ability of the system, which is highlighted in the process of server integration. The functions of MyEclipse are quite complete, and it can provide the necessary environmental support for the integration of J2EE, so as to complete functions such as coding, testing, debugging and publishing. It can support JSP, HTML, MYSQL, Javascript, Struts, CSS, etc.
Tomcat is a light server, so it is not universal in small and medium-sized enterprises. But when programmers need to develop or debug JSP programs, they usually use this server as the first choice. For a person with only basic computer knowledge, a computer system with a good Apache server can access HTML pages very well. Although Tomcat is an extension of Apache, they can all run independently, and the two do not interfere with each other. When configured correctly, the Apache server provides technical support for the operation of HTML pages, and Tomcat's task is to run Servle and JSP pages. Tomca also has certain HTML page processing functions.
3.5 MYSQL database
The language of Mysql is unstructured, users can work on data, and it is relatively easy to learn, with large functions and large storage capacity. Mysql is mainly used for data query and editing. Now there are many relational databases that are ubiquitous, and has been widely applied. The use of Mysql database brings convenience in application editing, and the data can be extensively queried. The application of Mysql database does not require users to understand its storage method, let alone master the method of data storage. Mysql database is more flexible. The functions are also more powerful and many. It takes a lot of code to realize a certain function in other programs, but only a small piece of code is needed to realize the function in the Mysql database. Therefore, the language of the Mysql database is relatively concise.
3.6 Three frameworks of SSM
Today's popular "SSM Combination Framework" is the abbreviation of Spring + SpringMVC + MyBatis, which has been sought after by many. Framework for web projects, usually simpler data sources. Spring belongs to a lightweight inversion of control framework (IoC), but it is also an surface-oriented container (AOP). SpringMVC is often used in the classification work mode of the controller, which is separated from the model object, and the role of the program object is processed with the ATM. This decoupling treatment makes it easier to personalize the entire system. MyBatis is a good sustainability framework that supports common SQL queries and allows data optimization for advanced mapping of stored procedures. Due to the high development cost of large-scale Java Web applications, it is difficult to maintain after development and some difficult problems to solve during the development process, and the "SSM Composition Framework" is adopted, which allows the establishment of business hierarchies and provides a good solution to this problem .
Chapter 4 System Design
4.1 System Functional Requirements
The purpose of architectural design is to reflect the relationship between a structure and other elements, an abstraction, usually used to guide large software systems. The process of subdividing a huge task into multiple small tasks is the overall design of the system architecture. After completing the small tasks, the whole task can be completed. The specific implementation process is to decompose the system and analyze the functions, interfaces and logical relations of each part. In the design of information transmission, the last step is optimization. The system page is built up one by one, with a clear hierarchical structure. The idea is to use object-oriented, one entity corresponds to one data type, and an implementation class is added to each data class. .
When developing a program, not only should the user's functional requirements be considered, but also a friendly interface should be ensured, so the design of the functional section is particularly important. At the beginning of the system design, it is based on meeting the basic management needs of students' course selection information and teachers' course information, and has general practicability. Therefore, the system can be divided, and the details of each small module can be added. The administrator enters the system to edit and maintain the first-level functional modules, and then divides into the next level according to the needs.
System function structure, as shown in Figure 4.1:
Figure 4.1 Student function module diagram
4.2 System ER Diagram
Learning programming, we all know that database design is based on the design of system functions. We need to establish a database relational model to store data information, so that when we are in the program, there is no need to add data to the program page, so that Improve the efficiency of the system. The database stores a large amount of information, which can be said to be the core and foundation of the information management system. The database also provides adding, deleting, modifying and checking, so that the system can quickly find the information it wants instead of searching in the program code. Each part of the information table in the database is precisely combined, arranged and combined into a data table according to a certain relationship.
The database is the core link in the entire software program design, so the first problem in development is to determine the number of databases and the creation of structures. As mentioned above, this paper will use MYSQL technology to manage the database to ensure its availability, consistency, confidentiality and integrity. Some illegal users may attack the system database to obtain the data in the database, and MYSQL can play a very good protective role.
According to the requirements analysis, the system includes the following entities.
The ER diagram of the student information information entity is shown in Figure 4.3.
Figure 4.2 Student information ER diagram
The ER diagram of course information management is shown in Figure 4.3.
Figure 4.3 Course Information ER Diagram
The ER diagram of student course selection information is shown in Figure 4.5.
Figure 4.5 ER Diagram of Student Course Selection Information
4.3 Design of database tables
According to the detailed analysis requirements of the data structure, we can analyze according to the requirements of the input and output data volume, determine what table, the relationship between the structure, we can verify, adjust and improve, query and browse the process, can realize the database, In order to make users have more requirements for data and functions.
Based on the characteristics of the database management system used by the system, the conceptual model of the database is converted and constructed. However, this system only needs to fully consider the functions of the course selection and scheduling system, and the organization is relatively clear. The database design is as follows:
Table 1: banji table
| column name |
type of data |
length |
constraint |
| id |
bigint |
11 |
PRIMARY KEY |
| I'm not |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
Table 2: config table
| column name |
type of data |
length |
constraint |
| ID |
bigint |
11 |
PRIMARY KEY |
| name |
varchar |
100 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| value |
varchar |
100 |
DEFAULT NULL |
Table 3: gonggaoxinxi table
| column name |
type of data |
length |
constraint |
| ID |
bigint |
11 |
PRIMARY KEY |
| gonggaobiaoti_ |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| tupian |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
Table 4: jiaoshi table
| column name |
type of data |
length |
constraint |
| id |
int |
11 |
PRIMARY KEY |
| jiaoshigonghao |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| mima |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| jiaoshixingming |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| xingbie |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| zhaopian |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| nianling |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| zhicheng |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| lianxidianhua |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
Table 5 : kebiaoxinxi table
| column name |
type of data |
length |
constraint |
| ID |
int |
11 |
PRIMARY KEY |
| I'm not |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| xueqi |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| diyijie |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| dierjie |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| Disanjie |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| Disijie |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| diwujie |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
Table 6 : Kechengmingcheng table
| column name |
type of data |
length |
constraint |
| ID |
int |
11 |
PRIMARY KEY |
| kechengmingcheng |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
Table 7 : Kechengxinxi table
| column name |
type of data |
length |
constraint |
| ID |
int |
11 |
PRIMARY KEY |
| kechengmingcheng |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| kechengleixing |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| tupian |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| I'm not |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| xueqi |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| jiaoshigonghao |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| jiaoshixingming |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
Table 8 : token table
| column name |
type of data |
length |
constraint |
| ID |
bigint |
20 |
PRIMARY KEY |
| `userid |
bigint |
20 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| username |
varchar |
100 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| tablename |
varchar |
100 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| role |
varchar |
100 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| token |
varchar |
100 |
DEFAULT NULL |
Table 9 : Tuikexinxi table
| column name |
type of data |
length |
constraint |
| ID |
bigint |
20 |
PRIMARY KEY |
| kechengmingcheng |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| kechengleixing |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| I'm not |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| xueqi |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| xuankeriqi |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| tuikeshuoming |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| tuikeriqi |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| jiaoshigonghao |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| jiaoshixingming |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| xuehao |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| xueshengxingming |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
| sfsh |
varchar |
200 |
DEFAULT NULL |
Chapter 5 System Implementation
5.1 User login interface
用户后台登录，对于登录窗口是一个系统功能操作的安全门，如果没有这个登录安全门，任何人都可以进入到系统操作平台进行对功能模块的操作，那么系统的数据信息将会出现错乱，不同用户拥有不同的管理权限，所以对于登录窗口是系统实现的重要窗口，用户通过输入自己的用户名和密码，信息填写完成，系统对用户输入的信息进行在线匹配，匹配完成后登录成功，进入到系统操作界面，进行相对应的功能模块的修改维护等操作，如图5.1所示。
图5.1 系统登陆页面设计
管理员通过登录进入到系统操作界面，通过系统操作界面可以对个人中心、公告信息、班级管理、学生管理、教师管理、课程名称管理、课程信息管理、课表信息管理、学生选课管理、退课信息管理等模块进行查看管理等操作。
公告信息管理：通过列表可以查看公告标题、图片、发布日期等信息，进行查看详情、新增、修改或删除操作，或通过输入公告标题进行查询，如图5.2所示。
5.2公告信息管理界面图
学生管理：通过列表可以查看学号、学生姓名、性别、头像、班级、手机、邮箱等信息，进行查看详情、修改或新增、删除操作，如图5.3所示。
图5.3学生管理界面图
教师管理：通过列表可以查看教师名称、教师描述等信息，管理员可以进行查看或修改、删除、新增教师信息，如图5.4所示。
图5.4教师管理界面图
课程管理：通过列表可以查看课程名称等信息，管理员可以进行查看详情、新增、修改或删除操作，如图5.5所示。
图5.5课程名称管理面图
课表信息管理：通过列表可以查看班级、学期、星期、第一节、第二节、第三节、第四节、第五节等信息，管理员可以进行查看详情、新增、修改或删除操作，如图5.6所示。
图5.6课表信息管理面图
课程信息管理：通过列表可以查看课程名称、课程类型、图片、班级、学期、发布日期、教师工号、教师姓名等信息，管理员可以进行查看详情、新增、修改或删除操作，如图5.7所示。
图5.7课程信息管理面图
学生选课管理：通过列表可以查看课程名称、课程类型、班级、学期、选课日期、状态、教师工号、教师姓名、学号、学生姓名、备注、审核回复、审核状态等信息，管理员可以进行查看详情、审核、修改、删除操作，如图5.8所示。
图5.8学生选课管理面图
老师通过登录窗口，进行输入自己的用名和密码，信息输入完成后进入到用户的操作界面，通过系统操作界面可与对个人中心、公告信管理、课表信息管理、课程信息管理、学生选课管理、退课信息管理等模块进行查看管理等操作。
课程管理，通过教师处理课程列表可以进行查看课程名称、课程类型、图片、班级、学期、发布日期、教师工号、教师姓名等信息，进行查看详情操作，如图5.9所示。
图5.9课程信息管理界面图
课表信息管理：通过列表可以获取班级、学期、星期、第一节、第二节、第三节、第四节、第五届等信息，进行在线查看课表信息，如图5.10所示。
图5.10课表信息管理界面图
学生选课管理：通过列表可以查看课程名称、课程类型、班级、学期、选课日期、状态、教师工号、教师姓名、学号、学生姓名、备注、审核回复、审核状态等信息，管理员可以进行查看详情、修改、删除操作，如图5.11所示。
图5.11学生选课管理界面图
退课信息管理：通过列表可以查看课程名称、课程类型、班级、学期、选课日期、状态、教师工号、教师姓名、学号、学生姓名、审核回复、审核状态等信息，管理员可以进行查看详情操作，如图5.12所示。
图5.12退课信息管理界面图
学生通过登录窗口，进行输入自己的用名和密码，信息输入完成后进入到用户的操作界面，通过系统操作界面可与对个人中心、公告信息管理、课表信息管理、课程信息管理、学生选课管理、退课信息管理等模块进行相对应操作。
课表信息管理：通过列表可以获取班级、学期、星期、第一节、第二节、第三节、第四节、第五届等信息，进行在线查看课表信息，如图5.13所示。
图5.13课表信息界面图
课程信息管理：通过列表可以查看课程名称、课程类型、图片、班级、学期、发布日期、教师工号、教师姓名等信息，管理员可以进行查看详情、在线选课操作，如图5.14所示。
图5.14课程信息界面图
学生选课管理：通过列表可以查看课程名称、课程类型、班级、学期、选课日期、状态、教师工号、教师姓名、学号、学生姓名、备注、审核回复、审核状态等信息，管理员可以进行查看详情、退课、删除操作，如图5.15所示。
图5.15学生选课管理界面图
退课信息管理：通过列表可以查看课程名称、课程类型、班级、学期、选课日期、状态、教师工号、教师姓名、学号、学生姓名、审核回复、审核状态等信息，管理员可以进行查看详情、修改、删除操作，如图5.16所示。
图5.16退课信息管理界面图
第6章 系统测试
6.1系统测试的目的
程序设计不能保证没有错误，这是一个开发过程，在程序运行的过程中是不可避免的，但我们不能使这些错误始终存在于系统中，错误可能会造成无法估量的后果，如系统崩溃，安全信息，系统无法正常启动等，为了避免这些问题，我们需要测试程序，并发现这些问题，并纠正它们，并使系统更长时间稳定成熟，本章的作用是发现这些问题，并对其进行修改，虽然耗时费力，但长期非常重要和必要系统的开发。
软件在设计后必须进行测试，调试过程中使用的方法是软件测试方法。在开发新软件时，系统测试是检查软件是否合格的关键步骤，以及是否符合设计目标的参考。测试主要是查看软件中数据的准确性，正确的操作与否，以及操作的结果，还有哪些方面需要改进。
选课排课系统的实现，对于系统中功能模块的实现及操作都必须通过测试进行来评判系统是否可以准确的实现。在系统正式上传和使用之前必须做的一步就是系统测试，对于测试发现的错误及时修改处理，保证系统准确无误的供给用户使用。
6.2系统测试方法
在对系统进行测试的时候在找到问题的情况下必须在第一时间找到解决问题的办法，不要存在侥幸的心理，这样才能让系统开发的质量有所保证，并且开发的周期会大大缩短；还有就是在测试时，不要出现重复性的错误，遇到一个错误问题，要将整个系统开发所牵扯的该问题都必须一一解决，提高系统的安全性、稳定性。
白盒测试与黑盒测试是测试中比较常用的两种方法。
①结构测试俗称白盒测试：这种测试是在对程序的处理过程与结构都有详尽谅解的前提下，顺从程序内部的逻辑而完成的系统测试，以确定系统中所有的通路都能够遵照设计要求正常工作，不出现任何偏差。
②功能测试又成黑盒测试：主要是针对程序功能能够按照设计正常实现的一种检测，在程序接口处进行，检测程序手法数据是否正常，与外部信息的交换是否完整。
6.3功能测试
登录测试：
| 模块名称 |
测试用例 |
预期结果 |
实际结果 |
是否通过 |
| 登录模块 |
用户名：admin 密码：123 |
弹出错误提示，提示密码错误 |
弹出错误提示，提示密码错误 |
通过 |
| 登录模块 |
用户名：123 密码：admin |
弹出错误提示，提示用户名错误 |
弹出错误提示，提示用户名错误 |
通过 |
| 登录模块 |
用户名：admin 密码：admin |
管理员登录成功 |
管理员登录成功 |
通过 |
删除分类测试：
| 模块名称 |
测试用例 |
预期结果 |
实际结果 |
是否通过 |
| 删除分类模块 |
分类名：最新通知 |
删除成功、页面自动跳转 |
删除成功、页面自动跳转 |
通过 |
修改密码测试：
| 模块名称 |
测试用例 |
预期结果 |
实际结果 |
是否通过 |
| 修改密码模块 |
原密码：666 新密码：123 确认密码：123 |
弹出错误提示，提示原密码错误 |
弹出错误提示，提示原密码错误 |
通过 |
| 修改密码模块 |
原密码：admin 新密码：123 确认密码：333 |
弹出错误提示，提示确认密码不一致 |
弹出错误提示，提示确认密码不一致 |
通过 |
| 修改密码模块 |
原密码：admin 新密码：123 确认密码：123 |
密码修改成功 |
密码修改成功 |
通过 |
通过对功能的测试，选课排课系统的基本功能都是可行的，不管是系统里面的功能还是界面的设计都是可值得推广宣传的。
结 论
在选课排课系统设计中，我花了很多时间来了解系统开发中使用的知识，最后通过这段时间的努力完成了系统设计。通过这段时间的学习，我发现了自己的缺点并完全掌握了必要的应用技巧。一步一步，深入研究丰富了我的知识基础，从而完成了这项艰巨的任务。当我遇到问题时，我会及时寻求老师的帮助，并通过专业网站和相关文献资料解决。他们帮助我克服困难问题，一步一步走向成功。系统设计过程并不容易，需要不断充实自己，勇于克服疑难问题。功能是系统开发的一部分并不完美，后期需要不断完善，通过用户体验进行修改，设计出完美的系统，让用户获得更好的体验，我觉得很开心因为这是我的第一个系统通过他们自己努力实现，但不是我的最后一个，我将在未来更加努力，争取更好的作品完成。
回顾毕业设计的整个过程，既付出汗水也收获了很多。虽然经历了各种各样的困难，自己的不断研究探索，系统的实现仍有不足之处。
这个毕业设计取得了很大的成就感，这也使我对未来的生活更有信心。
致 谢
选课排课系统的完成，如何实现的更好，其中付出的努力是很大的，这段时光将会终身难忘。
第一个要感谢的就是我的指导老师，谢谢您在设计和论文中给我的指导。在您的细心指导下我才能快速的掌握系统的相关功能，在您的大力帮助下我才能将课本上的知识与自己的项目结合，真正的做到学以致用。感谢您经常牺牲自己的休息时间，利用其丰富的教学和项目经验对我进行指导。
最终选课排课系统可以顺利的运行，我们在交流、谈论的这段时间,将是我未来的财富，我要深深地感谢你们!
感谢所有教过我的老师，为我倾注了大量的心血，正是你们的谆谆教诲、严谨教学才使我能顺利的完成学业，再此向你们表示深深的感谢。
毕业在即，在今后的工作和生活中，我会铭记师长们的教诲、同学们的帮助，继续不懈努力和追求，来报答所有支持和帮助过我的人。第一个要感谢的就是我的指导老师，谢谢您在设计和论文中给我的指导。在您的细心指导下我才能快速的掌握系统的相关功能，在您的大力帮助下我才能将课本上的知识与自己的项目结合，真正的做到学以致用。感谢您经常牺牲自己的休息时间，利用其丰富的教学和项目经验对我进行指导。
最终选课排课系统可以顺利的运行，我们在交流、谈论的这段时间,将是我未来的财富，我要深深地感谢你们!
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