Table of contents
Abstract I
Abstract II
1 Introduction 1
1.1 Research background and significance 1
1.2 Introduction to vending machines 1
1.2.1 Development history of vending machines 1
1.2.2 Definition of vending machines 2
1.2.3 Composition and classification of vending machines 3
1.3 Research Status of Vending Machines 4
1.4 Subject Research Contents 9
1.4.1 Functional Requirements of Vending Machines 9
1.4.2 Research Contents and Methods 10
2 Mechanical Structure Design of Vending Machines 11
2.1 Box Composition 11
2.2 Shipping Mechanism 11
2.2.1 Shipping method 11
2.1.2 Spring selection design 13
2.1.3 Shipping tray and tailgate design 15
2.1.4 Drive motor selection design 15
2.3 Currency recognition design 16
2.3.1 The principle of coin recognition 16
2.3.2 The principle of banknote recognition 17
2.4 The design of the pick-up box of the vending machine 18
3 The hardware design of the vending machine 19
3.1 The selection of components 19
3.1.1 The selection of relays 19
3.1.2 Selection of buttons and indicators 20
3.1.3 Selection of main control unit 20
3.1.4 Functions of PLC 21
3.1.5 I/O port allocation of PLC 22
3.2 Layout diagram of components 24
4 Software design of vending machine 25
4.1 Control system of vending machine 25
4.2 Program part of vending machine 26
4.2.1 Some instructions used in the program 26
4.2.2 Control of vending machine Program 26
4.3 Simulation of the program 28
Conclusion 32
Acknowledgments 33
References 34 Appendix
36
Appendix 1 36
Appendix 2 39
Vending machines sell a variety of commodities, including beverage vending machines, fruit and vegetable vending machines, etc. At present, the most common is the beverage vending machine, which is also the most researched and shipped type of vending machine. At present, we generally choose the spring-driven vending machine through the improvement [12]. Its structure is simple and the production cost is reduced. Improve the reliability of work and operation, and the installation is simple. The drink vending machine shown in Figure 1-1.
Figure 1-1 Beverage vending machines
There are also many types of vending machines, among which fruit and vegetable vending machines have gradually become popular. Compared with beverage vending machines, fruit and vegetable vending machines have higher requirements on the refrigeration system, because the freshness of fruits and vegetables must not be reduced. During the blanking process, fruits and vegetables have higher requirements than beverages, and it is necessary to ensure that the fruits and vegetables will not be damaged during the blanking process. Therefore, the delivery mechanism is more complicated, and it needs to be used in conjunction with the lifting rod and the blanking box to ensure that the fruits and vegetables are not damaged during the blanking process. Fruit and vegetable vending machine as shown in Figure 1-2.
Figure 1-2 Fruit and vegetable vending machines
At present, more comprehensive vending machines are used in schools, and beverages and snacks are placed in a vending machine. Such vending machines are more popular with students than pure beverage vending machines, and can save a lot of space. Comprehensive vending machines are slowly becoming a popular trend. Integrated vending machine as shown in Figure 1-3.
Figure 1-3 Comprehensive vending machine
1.4.2 Research content and method
The design of the mechanical structure of the vending machine is completed. The mechanical structure includes the appearance of the box, the cargo channel, and the cargo delivery mechanism. The appearance of the box is mainly composed of the display part of the product, various buttons, coin inlet, and coin return. The cargo lane includes three parts: the upper part is the commodity input port, the middle part is the commodity passageway, which is the storage part, and the lower part is the commodity delivery device, including the device and the export adjustment plate. According to the review and comparison, it is found that the main shipping method used is the spring push type, which has high shipping accuracy and strong real-time performance, but there are few stored goods and the motor power is large.
The hardware circuit includes PLC, currency identification device, product selection button, various indicator lights, various relays, etc. The control system is mainly controlled by Mitsubishi PLC. The identification of coins mainly includes the identification of the currency value, the classified storage of the currency value and the coin refund mechanism. The control method adopted by the control system is PLC control. This control system is an entire electronic control system from the vending machine after the consumer selects the product and puts the coin into it, receives the coin recognition signal, and returns the coin for change. Determine the number of I/O points based on the type and amount of coins invested, determine the PLC model required by the system, and design the I/O wiring diagram. Depending on the functionality of the vending machine, determine the coin validator, item selection buttons, sensors, etc. According to the shopping process of the beverage vending machine, complete the component layout and wiring diagram.
(4) Software design of beverage vending machine: complete the design of flow charts such as coin insertion, goods selection, pick-up, and coin return, write ladder diagram programs, simulate and debug, design work flow charts respectively, and use GX according to the flow charts The developer software establishes the project input program, draws the ladder diagram, compiles the program, and then starts the simulation for debugging.
0 LD M8002
1 MOV K30 D200
6 MOV K30 D201
11 MOV K60 D202
16 MOV K40 D203
21 MOV K55 D204
26 LDP X004
28 SET Y013
29 LD Y013
30 OUT T0 K50
33 AND T0
34 AND X004
35 RST Y013
36 LD X000
37 ADDP D0 K5 D0
44 LD X001
45 ADDP D0 K10 D0
52 LD X002
53 ADDP D0 K50 D0
60 LD X003
61 ADDP D0 K100 D0
68 LD>= D0 D200
73 ANI Y005
74 LD Y005
75 ANI M8013
76 ORB
77 OUT Y000
78 LD>= D0 D201
83 ANI Y006
84 LD Y006
85 ANI M8013
86 ORB
87 OUT Y001
88 LD>= D0 D202
93 ANI Y007
94 LD Y007
95 ANI M8013
96 ORB
97 OUT Y002
98 LD>= D0 D203
103 ANI Y010
104 LD Y010
105 ANI M8013
106 ORB
107 OUT Y003
108 LD>= D0 D204
113 ANI Y011
114 LD Y011
115 ANI M8013
116 ORB
117 OUT Y004
118 LD>= D0 D200
123 ANDP X011
125 SET Y005 126 SUBP D0 D200 D0
133 LD Y005
134 OUT T1 D210
137 AND T1
138 RST Y005
139 LD>= D0 D201
144 ANDP X012
146 SET Y006
147 SUBP D0 D201 D0
