The Design and Realization of the Student Achievement Management System

1. System Requirements Analysis

Realize a class with 32 students, each student has 7 courses, realize a series of operations on basic information such as adding, modifying, deleting, searching, and statistical output of their class grades. Each student includes the following information: student number, name, and 7 course titles .

2. System function module design

It mainly includes the following seven modules:

① Password login

This module performs login password verification, enter the account number and password, prompt if the input is wrong, exit if it is wrong 3 times; if it is correct, perform other operations according to the prompt

②Increase data

This module saves the input data into the data file, and the user can input the basic information of multiple students at one time.

③ Update data

This module is used to modify the records. First, the user enters the student ID, then queries the basic information of the student, and finally updates the basic information of the student.

④ query data

This module can choose to query by student ID or student name, and then list the basic information of students who meet the conditions and have not been marked for deletion.

⑤ Delete data

This module is used to delete the basic information of students with a specified number, which can be deleted by student number or name. In order to improve efficiency, it only marks the deletion and does not physically delete the information, which can be called logical deletion.

⑥ Display data

This module is used to display the basic information of all students who have not been marked for deletion in a list.

⑦ Statistical output (additional points)

1. Displays basic information about the students with the highest grades for each course. 
2. Displays the average grade for each course.
3. Displays the number of students who exceeded the grade point average for a course.

3. System programming

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#define N 30
#define FORMAT1 "--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n"
#define FORMAT2 "|   学号  |  姓名  | 思修成绩 | 形势与政策成绩 | 高数成绩 | 英语成绩 | 线性代数成绩 | 信息技术成绩| C语言成绩| 总分  | 排名 |  平均分 | \n"
#define FORMAT3 "|---------|--------|----------|----------------|----------|----------|--------------|-------------|----------|-------|------|---------|\n"
#define FORMAT4 "|%9d|%8s| %7d  |        %8d|  %8d|  %8d|      %8d|      %7d|    %6d|%7d|%6d|%9f| \n"
#define DATA p->num,p->name,p->sscore,p->cscore,p->mscore,p->escore,p->xscore,p->xxscore,p->cyscore,p->total,p->rank,p->ave
typedef struct student {
	int num;				 
	char name[20];
 	int sscore;
	int cscore;				
	int mscore;				
	int escore;	
	int xscore;
	int xxscore;
	int cyscore;
	int total;	            
	float ave;		         
int rank;			
}STU;
typedef struct pointer_info {
	STU* pHead;				//指向第一个数据单元的指针 
	int count;				//数据单元的个数 
	char fname[20];			//数据记录的文件名 
	int saveflag;			//1：未保存，0：已保存 
}PI;

void Menu();				//主界面 
void Add(PI* pi);			//添加数据记录 
void Display(PI* pi);		//显示数据记录 
void Delete(PI* pi);		//删除数据记录 
void Save(PI* pi);			//保存数据记录 
void Query(PI* pi);			//查询数据记录 
void Most(PI* pi);			//排序数据记录
void Modify(PI* pi);		//修改数据记录  
void Load(PI* pi);			//加载数据记录文件 
void New(PI* pi);			//新建数据记录文件  
void Wrong();				//错误提示 
void printheader();			//格式化输出表头 
int pass(); 
int main() 
{
	int sel;
	STU* pstu;
	PI pi;
	pstu = (STU*)malloc(sizeof(STU) * N);	//分配数据单元内存 
	pi.pHead = pstu;						//初始化 pi 的成员 
	pi.count = 0;
	pi.fname[19] = '\0';
	pi.saveflag = 0;
	char password[10];
    int i;
    printf("请输入密码：\n");
    for(i = 0;i < 3;i++)
    {scanf("%s",password);
   if(strcmp(password,"123456") == 0)
   {   break;}
   else
  {printf("密码错误，请输入密码：\n");
      getchar();}} 
  if(i == 3)
  printf("退出系统\n");
  else
	{Menu();									//显示主界面
	do {
		printf("请输入您的选择[0-11]:");
		scanf("%d", &sel);					//获取键盘输入 
		if (sel == 0) {						//输入 0，退出 
			if (pi.saveflag == 1) {			//如果数据被修改但没有保存，则先保存 
				if (strlen(pi.fname)) {
					Save(&pi);
				}
				else {
					New(&pi);
					Save(&pi);
				}
			}
			break;
		}
		switch (sel)						 
		{
		case 1: Add(&pi); break;			
		case 2: Display(&pi); break;		
		case 3: Delete(&pi); break;			
		case 4: Modify(&pi); break;			
		case 5: Query(&pi); break;
		case 6: Most(&pi);break;	
		case 7: Load(&pi); break;			
		case 8: New(&pi); break;			
		case 9: Save(&pi); break;			
		default: Wrong(); break;			
		}
	} while (1);}
	pstu = pi.pHead;
	free(pstu);								
	return 0;
}
void printheader() {						
	printf(FORMAT1);
	printf(FORMAT2);
}

void Menu() {								
	system("cls");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              学生成绩管理系统              *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              1、增加数据                   *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              2、显示数据                   *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              3、删除数据                   *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              4、更新数据                   *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              5、查询数据                   *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              6、统计输出                   *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              7、打开文件                   *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              8、新建文件                   *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              9、保存文件                   *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t*              0、退出                       *\n");
	printf("\t\t\t\t**********************************************\n");
}
void Wrong() {										//按键错误信息
	printf("输入有误！\n");
}

void Add(PI* pi) {									//由键盘录入学生成绩记录
	int i,num;
	int numRepeatFlag = 0;
	STU* pstu, * p;
	do {
		pstu = pi->pHead + pi->count;				//pstu 指向下一个需要写入数据的单元
		p = pi->pHead;								//p 用来寻找重复的学号，因此指向数据的第一个单元
		printf("请输入学号（输入 0 返回主界面）：");
		scanf("%d", &num);
		for (i = 1; i <= pi->count; i++) {		//学号重复处理，学号不能重复
			if (num == p->num) {
				printf("该学号已存在，请重新输入其它学号！\n");
				numRepeatFlag = 1;
				break;
			}
			p++;
		}
		if (numRepeatFlag) {
			numRepeatFlag = 0;
			continue;
		}
		if (num != 0) {								//如果输入不为 0，则继续输入学生数据，否则退回主界面
			pstu->num = num;
		}
		else {
			Menu();
			break;
		}
		printf("请输入姓名：");
		scanf("%s", pstu->name);
		printf("请输入思修成绩：");
		scanf("%d",&pstu->sscore);
		printf("请输入形势与政策成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->cscore);
		printf("请输入数学成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->mscore);
		printf("请输入英语成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->escore);
		printf("请输入线代成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->xscore);
      printf("请输入信息技术成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->xxscore);
		printf("请输入c语言成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->cyscore);
		pstu->total= pstu->sscore + pstu->cscore + pstu->mscore+pstu->escore+pstu->xscore+pstu->xxscore+pstu->cyscore;//计算总分
		pstu->ave=pstu->total/8.0;//平均		
		pstu->rank=0;						//排名暂时置 0
	pi->count++;						//数据单元自增 1
		pi->saveflag = 1;			//数据改变，为保存标志置 1
	} while (1);
}
void Display(PI* pi) {						//在屏幕上显示学生数据记录
	STU* p;
	int i;
	Menu();
	p = pi->pHead;
	if (pi->count == 0) {
		printf("没有学生信息！\n");
		return;
	}
	printheader();							//打印表格头部
	for (i = 1; i <= pi->count; i++) {	//打印数据序列
		printf(FORMAT3);
		printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
		p++;
	}
	printf(FORMAT1);						//打印表格结尾
}

void Query(PI* pi) {
	int sel;
	int num;
	int i;
	STU* p;
	char name[20];
	p = pi->pHead;							//p 指向数据序列首部的指针
	Menu();
	printf("根据学号查询--1\n");			//1：根据学号查询，2：根据姓名查询，其它：返回
	printf("根据姓名查询--2\n");
	printf("返回------其它\n");
	printf("请输入你的选择：");
	scanf("%d", &sel);

	if (sel == 1) {							//按学号查询
		printf("请输入你要查询的学号：");
		scanf("%d", &num);
		for (i = 0; i <= pi->count; i++) {	//学号搜索
			if (num == p->num) {
				break;
			}
			p++;
		}
		if (i > pi->count) {
			printf("找不到这个学生学号！\n");
			return;
		}
		else {
			printheader();					//找到则打印输出
			printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
			printf(FORMAT1);
		}
	}
	else if (sel == 2) {					//按姓名查询
		printf("请输入你要查询的姓名：");
		scanf("%s", name);
		for (i = 1; i <= pi->count; i++) {	//按姓名搜索
			if (!strcmp(name, p->name)) {
				break;
			}
			p++;
		}
		if (i > pi->count) {
			printf("找不到这个学生姓名！\n");
			return;
		}
		else {								//找到则打印输出
			printheader();
			printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
			printf(FORMAT1);
		}
	}
	else {
		return;
	}
}

void Modify(PI* pi) {
	STU* pstu;
	int sel;
	int num;
	char name[20];
	int i;
	STU* p;
	p = pi->pHead;
	pstu=pi->pHead;
	Menu();
	Display(pi);
	printf("1----根据学号修改\n");		//1：根据学号修改，2：根据姓名修改，其它：返回
	printf("2----根据姓名修改\n");
	printf("其它---返回\n");
	printf("请输入你的选择：");
	scanf("%d", &sel);

	if (sel == 1) {
		printf("请输入要修改的学生的学号：");
		scanf("%d", &num);
		for (i = 1; i <= pi->count; i++) {
			if (num == p->num) {
				break;
			}
			p++;
		}
		if (i > pi->count) {
			printf("找不到这个学生学号！\n");
			return;
		}
		else {
				printf("请输入姓名：");
		scanf("%s", p->name);
		printf("请输入思修成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->sscore);
		printf("请输入形势与政策成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->cscore);
		printf("请输入数学成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->mscore);
		printf("请输入英语成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->escore);
		printf("请输入线代成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->xscore);
        printf("请输入信息技术成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->xxscore);
		printf("请输入c语言成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->cyscore);

		pstu->total= pstu->sscore + pstu->cscore + pstu->mscore+pstu->escore+pstu->xscore+pstu->xxscore+pstu->cyscore;//计算总分
		pstu->ave=pstu->total/8.0;//平均		
		pstu->rank=0;						//排名暂时置 0				                                  
		pi->saveflag = 1;                   
		}                                 //数据单元自增 1

	}
	else if (sel == 2) {
		printf("请输入要修改的学生的姓名：");
		scanf("%s", name);
		for (i = 1; i <= pi->count; i++) {
			if (!strcmp(name, p->name)) {
				break;
			}
			p++;
		}
		if (i > pi->count) {
			printf("找不到这个学生姓名！\n");
			return;
		}
		else {
			printf("请输入姓名：");
	printf("请输入思修成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->sscore);
		printf("请输入形势与政策成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->cscore);
		printf("请输入数学成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->mscore);
		printf("请输入英语成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->escore);
		printf("请输入线代成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->xscore);
        printf("请输入信息技术成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->xxscore);
		printf("请输入c语言成绩：");
		scanf("%d", &pstu->cyscore);

	
		pstu->total= pstu->sscore + pstu->cscore + pstu->mscore+pstu->escore+pstu->xscore+pstu->xxscore+pstu->cyscore;//计算总分
		pstu->ave=pstu->total/8.0;//平均		
		pstu->rank=0;						//排名暂时置 0					      //数据单元自增 1
		pi->saveflag = 1;
		}
	}
	else {
		return;
	}
}

void Delete(PI* pi) {
	int sel;
	int num;
	char name[20];
	int i;
	STU* p;

	p = pi->pHead;
	Menu();
	printf("1----根据学号删除\n");		//1：根据学号删除，2：根据姓名删除，其它：返回
	printf("2----根据姓名删除\n");
	printf("其它---返回\n");
	printf("请输入你的选择：");
	scanf("%d", &sel);

	if (sel == 1) {
		printf("请输入你要删除的学号：");
		scanf("%d", &num);
		for (i = 1; i <= pi->count; i++) {
			if (num == p->num) {
				break;
			}
			p++;
		}
		if (i > pi->count) {
			printf("找不到这个学生学号！\n");
			return;
		}
		else if (i == pi->count) {
			pi->count--;
			pi->saveflag = 1;
			printf("删除成功！\n");
		}
		else {
			memcpy(p, p + 1, (pi->pHead + pi->count - p) * sizeof(STU));
			pi->count--;
			pi->saveflag = 1;
			printf("删除成功！\n");
		}
	}
	else if (sel == 2) {
		printf("请输入你要删除的姓名：");
		scanf("%s", name);
		for (i = 1; i <= pi->count; i++) {
			if (!strcmp(name, p->name)) {
				break;
			}
			p++;
		}
		if (i > pi->count) {
			printf("找不到这个学生姓名！\n");
			return;
		}
		else if (i == pi->count) {
			pi->count--;
			pi->saveflag = 1;
			printf("删除成功！\n");
		}
		else {
			memcpy(p, p + 1, (pi->pHead + pi->count - p) * sizeof(STU));
			pi->count--;
			pi->saveflag = 1;
			printf("删除成功！\n");
		}
	}
	else {
		return;
	}
}

void Swap(STU* p1, STU* p2) {			//交换两个数据单元
	STU stmp;
	stmp = *p1;
	*p1 = *p2;
	*p2 = stmp;
}
void Most(PI* pi) {
	int i,max;
	
	int sel;
	STU* p,*p1;
    p = pi->pHead;
	printf("1. 查询思修最高分\n");		
	printf("2.查询形势与政策最高分\n");
	printf("3.查询数学最高分\n");
	printf("4.查询英语最高分\n");
	printf("5. 查询线性代数最高分\n");		
	printf("6.查询信息技术最高分\n");
	printf("7.查询C语言最高分\n");
	printf("其它---返回\n");
	printf("请输入你的选择：");
	scanf("%d", &sel);
      p1=pi->pHead;
        p = pi->pHead;
     	if (sel == 1) {		
	     	
		   	max=p->sscore; 			
	    	for (i = 1; i <=pi->count; i++,p++) {
	     	
			
			if(max<=p->sscore)
			{      
				max=p->sscore;
				p1=p;
			}
		
		
	}
		p=p1;
			printf("%d",max);
			printf("最高分学生成绩如下：");
			printheader();					//找到则打印输出
			printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
			printf(FORMAT1);
	pi->saveflag=1;	} 
			
			
		else if (sel == 2) {						
		
		   	max=p->cscore; 			
	    	for (i = 1; i <=pi->count; i++,p++) {
	     	
			
			if(max<=p->cscore)
			{      
				max=p->cscore;
				p1=p;
			}
		
		
	}
		p=p1;
			printf("%d",max);
			printf("最高分学生成绩如下：");
			printheader();					//找到则打印输出
			printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
			printf(FORMAT1);
		pi->saveflag=1;	} 
			
			
		else if (sel == 3) {						
		
		   	max=p->mscore; 			
	    	for (i = 1; i <=pi->count; i++,p++) {
	     	
			
			if(max<=p->mscore)
			{      
				max=p->mscore;
				p1=p;
			}
		
		
	}
		p=p1;
			printf("%d",max);
			printf("最高分学生成绩如下：");
			printheader();					//找到则打印输出
			printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
			printf(FORMAT1);
		pi->saveflag=1;}
			 
			
			
		else if (sel == 4) {							//冒泡法，按学号排序
		
		   	max=p->escore; 			
	    	for (i = 1; i <=pi->count; i++,p++) {
	     	
			
			if(max<=p->escore)
			{      
				max=p->escore;
				p1=p;
			}
		
		
	}
		p=p1;
			printf("%d",max);
			printf("最高分学生成绩如下：");
			printheader();					//找到则打印输出
			printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
			printf(FORMAT1);
		pi->saveflag=1;	} 
			
			
	    else if (sel == 5) {
		  	
		   	max=p->xscore; 			
	    	for (i = 1; i <=pi->count; i++,p++) {
	     	
			
			if(max<=p->xscore)
			{      
				max=p->xscore;
				p1=p;
			}
		
		
	}
		p=p1;
			printf("%d",max);
			printf("最高分学生成绩如下：");
			printheader();					//找到则打印输出
			printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
			printf(FORMAT1);
			pi->saveflag=1;}

			
			
		else if (sel == 6) {						
	
		   	max=p->xxscore; 			
	    	for (i = 1; i <=pi->count; i++,p++) {
	     	
			
			if(max<=p->xxscore)
			{      
				max=p->xxscore;
				p1=p;
			}
		
		
	}
		p=p1;
			printf("%d",max);
			printf("最高分学生成绩如下：");
			printheader();					//找到则打印输出
			printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
			printf(FORMAT1);
		pi->saveflag=1;}
			
			
			
		else if (sel == 7) {						
		
		   	max=p->cyscore; 			
	    	for (i = 1; i <=pi->count; i++,p++) {
	     	
			
			if(max<=p->cyscore)
			{      
				max=p->cyscore;
				p1=p;
			}
		
		
	}
		p=p1;
			printf("%d",max);
			printf("最高分学生成绩如下：");
			printheader();					//找到则打印输出
			printf(FORMAT4, DATA);
			printf(FORMAT1);
			
			pi->saveflag=1;} 		
			else
			{
			exit(1);
			}
		
			pi->saveflag=1;
			}



void New(PI* pi) {							//新建数据记录文件
	FILE* fp;
	char name[20];
	char fname[20] = ".\\";					//当前文件夹
	printf("请输入创建文件名字：");
	scanf("%s", name);

	strcat(fname, name);					//文件名称
	strcat(fname, ".dat");					//文件后缀 ".dat"

	fp = fopen(fname, "wb");				//以只写方式打开二进制文件
	if (fp == NULL) {
		printf("新建文件失败！\n");
		return;
	}
	strcpy(pi->fname, fname);
	printf("新建数据文件 %s 成功！\n", name);
	fclose(fp);
}

void Load(PI* pi) {							//加载数据记录文件
	FILE* fp;
	STU* p = pi->pHead;
	char name[20];
	char fname[20] = ".\\";
	printf("请输入打开文件名字：");
	scanf("%s", name);

	strcat(fname, name);
	fp = fopen(fname, "rb");				//以只读方式打开二进制文件
	if (fp == NULL) {
		printf("新建文件失败！\n");
		return;
	}

	pi->count = 0;
	pi->saveflag = 0;
	while (!feof(fp)) {
		if (fread(p, sizeof(STU), 1, fp)) {
			pi->count++;
			p++;
		}
	}
	strcpy(pi->fname, name);
	printf("加载数据文件 %s 成功！\n", name);
	fclose(fp);
}

void Save(PI* pi) {
	FILE* fp;
	int numwriten;
	if (!strlen(pi->fname)) {				//判断数据记录文件是否存在，如果不存在则新建一个
		New(pi);
	}
	fp = fopen(pi->fname, "wb");
	if (fp == NULL) {
		printf("打开文件失败！\n");
		fclose(fp);
		return;
	}
	if (pi->count) {						//如果数据不为空，则写入文件
		numwriten = fwrite(pi->pHead, 1, pi->count * sizeof(STU), fp);
		pi->saveflag = 0;
		printf("保存文件成功！\n");
	}
	else {
		printf("保存文件失败！\n");
	}
	fclose(fp);
}

Fourth, program operation analysis

1. Password login interface

On the system login interface, enter the account number and password, prompt if the input is wrong, if it is wrong 3 times, exit; if it is correct, perform other operations according to the prompt.

2. Add data module

This module saves the input data into the data file, and the user can input the basic information of multiple students at one time.

3. Display data module

This module is used to display the basic information of all students who have not been marked for deletion in a list.

4. Delete the data module

This module is used to delete the basic information of students with a specified number, which can be deleted by student number or name. In order to improve efficiency, it only marks the deletion and does not physically delete the information, which can be called logical deletion.

5. Update the data module

This module is used to modify the records. First, the user enters the student ID, then queries the basic information of the student, and finally updates the basic information of the student .

6. Query data module

This module can choose to query by student ID or student name, and then list the basic information of students who meet the conditions and have not been marked for deletion.

7. Statistics output module

a shows the basic information of the students with the highest grades in each course.

b shows the average grade for each course.

c shows the number of students who exceeded the grade point average for a course.