Create a SpringBoot project

I use Java8, jdk1.8, maven project, springboot2.6.11 version here

add dependencies

All dependencies needed:

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-rabbit-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>1.7.25</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

configuration file

Change the configuration file to a .yml suffix
and add:

server:
  port: 8080
spring:
  application:
    name: rabbitmq-provider
  rabbitmq:
    host: localhost
    port: 5672
    username: admin
    password: admin
    #确认消息已发送到交换机
    #publisher-confirm-type: correlated
    #确认消息已发送到队列(Queue)
    #publisher-returns: true

We will talk about the last two configurations later, you can not use them here

project structure

insert image description here
Among them: P is the producer,
C is the consumer,
X is the direct switch,
A is the queue,
XA is the RoutingKey, which is the line connecting X and A.
In this structure, switch X may not be used, but for completeness, it is added here.
For some basic concepts, such as producers and consumers, or if you don’t know much about the types of switches, you can go on to learn:

Configuration class code

The main role of the configuration class is to declare switches, queues, and bind them

@Configuration
public class Config {
    
    

    //换机名称
    public static final  String X_EXCHANGE="X";
    //队列名称
    public static final String QUEUE_A="A";
	//声明交换机xExchange
    @Bean("xExchange")
    public DirectExchange xExchange(){
    
    
        return new DirectExchange(X_EXCHANGE);
    }
	//声明队列A
    @Bean("queueA")
    public Queue queueA(){
    
    
        return QueueBuilder.durable(QUEUE_A).build();
    }
    //绑定交换机与队列
    //A与X通过XA线路绑定
    @Bean
    public Binding queueABindingX(@Qualifier("queueA") Queue queueA,
                                   @Qualifier("xExchange") DirectExchange xExchange ){
    
    
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA).to(xExchange).with("XA");
    }

producer code

@Slf4j
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/myMQ")
public class ProduceController {
    
    
    @Autowired
    private RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    @GetMapping("/sendMessage/{message}")
    public void sendMessage(@PathVariable String message) {
    
    
        log.info("发送消息：{}",message);
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("X", "XA",message);
    }
}

consumer code

@Slf4j
@Component
public class Consumer {
    
    

    //接收消息
    @RabbitListener(queues="A")
    public void receiveA(Message message){
    
    
        log.info("当前时间：{},收到A队列的消息：{}",new Date().toString(),new String(message.getBody()));
    }
}