1. Configuration and compilation process
1. Three configuration methods
(1) Use make menuconfig
(2) Use the default configuration
(3) Use the configuration file (arch/arm/configs) provided by the manufacturer
2. Configuration process
(1) According to the original configuration file (arch/arm/configs)
(2) Use the menu configuration make menuconfig
The configuration result is a .config configuration file
3. Interface configuration
4. Compile
(1) Execute make uImage
(2) Generate include/linux/autoconfig.h (all module macros are defined)
(3) Generate include/config/auto.conf (configuration of all module macros) according to .config
xxx=y the module is compiled into the kernel
xxx=m The module is compiled as a module, not compiled into the kernel
xxx=n do not compile
(4) Add module
1、在Makefile文件中添加
obj-$(CONFG_AB) += ab.o # CONFG_AB = y/m/n
ab-objs := a.o b.o2. Compilation Configuration Compilation Principle
1. Makefile compilation process
1、make uImage
< Makefile >
ARCH ?= arm
SRCARCH := $(ARCH)
include $(srctree)/arch/$(SRCARCH)/Makefile
export KBUILD_DEFCONFIG KBUILD_KCONFIG
< arch/arm/Makefile >
zImage Image xipImage bootpImage uImage: vmlinux
$(Q)$(MAKE) $(build)=$(boot) MACHINE=$(MACHINE) $(boot)/$@
2、vmlinux
< Makefile >
vmlinux: $(vmlinux-lds) $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main) vmlinux.o $(kallsyms.o) FORCE
vmlinux-init := $(head-y) $(init-y)
head-y := arch/arm/kernel/head$(MMUEXT).o arch/arm/kernel/init_task.o
init-y := init/
vmlinux-main := $(core-y) $(libs-y) $(drivers-y) $(net-y)
core-y := usr/
libs-y := lib/
drivers-y := drivers/ sound/ firmware/
net-y := net/
vmlinux-all := $(vmlinux-init) $(vmlinux-main)
vmlinux-lds := arch/$(SRCARCH)/kernel/vmlinux.lds
export KBUILD_VMLINUX_OBJS := $(vmlinux-all)
init-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(init-y))
core-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(core-y))
drivers-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(drivers-y))
net-y := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(net-y))
libs-y1 := $(patsubst %/, %/lib.a, $(libs-y))
libs-y2 := $(patsubst %/, %/built-in.o, $(libs-y))
libs-y := $(libs-y1) $(libs-y2)
3、链接脚本
< arch/arm/kernel/vmlinux.lds >OUTPUT_ARCH(arm)
ENTRY(stext)
jiffies = jiffies_64;
SECTIONS
{
. = 0xC0000000 + 0x00008000;
.text.head : {
_stext = .;
_sinittext = .;
*(.text.head)
}
.init : { /* Init code and data */
*(.init.text) *(.cpuinit.text) *(.meminit.text)
_einittext = .;
__proc_info_begin = .;
*(.proc.info.init)
__proc_info_end = .;
__arch_info_begin = .;
*(.arch.info.init)
__arch_info_end = .;
__tagtable_begin = .;
*(.taglist.init)
__tagtable_end = .;
. = ALIGN(16);
__setup_start = .;
*(.init.setup)
__setup_end = .;
__early_begin = .;
*(.early_param.init)
__early_end = .;
__initcall_start = .;
*(.initcallearly.init) __early_initcall_end = .; *(.initcall0.init) *(.initcall0s.init) *(.initcall1.init) *(.initcall1s.init) *(.initcall2.init) *(.initcall2s.init) *(.initcall3.init) *(.initcall3s.init) *(.initcall4.init) *(.initcall4s.init) *(.initcall5.init) *(.initcall5s.init) *(.initcallrootfs.init) *(.initcall6.init) *(.initcall6s.init) *(.initcall7.init) *(.initcall7s.init)
__initcall_end = .;
__con_initcall_start = .;
*(.con_initcall.init)
__con_initcall_end = .;
__security_initcall_start = .;
*(.security_initcall.init)
__security_initcall_end = .;
. = ALIGN((1 << 12));
__per_cpu_load = .;
__per_cpu_start = .;
*(.data.percpu.page_aligned)
*(.data.percpu)
*(.data.percpu.shared_aligned)
__per_cpu_end = .;
__init_begin = _stext;
*(.init.data) *(.cpuinit.data) *(.meminit.data) . = ALIGN(8); __ctors_start = .; *(.ctors) __ctors_end = .; *(.init.rodata) *(.cpuinit.rodata) *(.meminit.rodata)
. = ALIGN((1 << 12));
__init_end = .;
}
/DISCARD/ : { /* Exit code and data */
*(.exit.text) *(.cpuexit.text) *(.memexit.text)
*(.exit.data) *(.cpuexit.data) *(.cpuexit.rodata) *(.memexit.data) *(.memexit.rodata)
*(.exitcall.exit)
*(.discard)
*(.ARM.exidx.exit.text)
*(.ARM.extab.exit.text)
*(.ARM.exidx.cpuexit.text)
*(.ARM.extab.cpuexit.text)
}
.text : { /* Real text segment */
_text = .; /* Text and read-only data */
__exception_text_start = .;
*(.exception.text)
__exception_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(8); *(.text.hot) *(.text) *(.ref.text) *(.devinit.text) *(.devexit.text) *(.text.unlikely)
. = ALIGN(8); __sched_text_start = .; *(.sched.text) __sched_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(8); __lock_text_start = .; *(.spinlock.text) __lock_text_end = .;
. = ALIGN(8); __kprobes_text_start = .; *(.kprobes.text) __kprobes_text_end = .;
*(.fixup)
*(.gnu.warning)
*(.rodata)
*(.rodata.*)
*(.glue_7)
*(.glue_7t)
*(.got) /* Global offset table */
}
. = ALIGN(((1 << 12))); .rodata : AT(ADDR(.rodata) - 0) { __start_rodata = .; *(.rodata) *(.rodata.*) *(__vermagic) *(__markers_strings) *(__tracepoints_strings) } .rodata1 : AT(ADDR(.rodata1) - 0) { *(.rodata1) } .pci_fixup : AT(ADDR(.pci_fixup) - 0) { __start_pci_fixups_early = .; *(.pci_fixup_early) __end_pci_fixups_early = .; __start_pci_fixups_header = .; *(.pci_fixup_header) __end_pci_fixups_header = .; __start_pci_fixups_final = .; *(.pci_fixup_final) __end_pci_fixups_final = .; __start_pci_fixups_enable = .; *(.pci_fixup_enable) __end_pci_fixups_enable = .; __start_pci_fixups_resume = .; *(.pci_fixup_resume) __end_pci_fixups_resume = .; __start_pci_fixups_resume_early = .; *(.pci_fixup_resume_early) __end_pci_fixups_resume_early = .; __start_pci_fixups_suspend = .; *(.pci_fixup_suspend) __end_pci_fixups_suspend = .; } .builtin_fw : AT(ADDR(.builtin_fw) - 0) { __start_builtin_fw = .; *(.builtin_fw) __end_builtin_fw = .; } .rio_route : AT(ADDR(.rio_route) - 0) { __start_rio_route_ops = .; *(.rio_route_ops) __end_rio_route_ops = .; } __ksymtab : AT(ADDR(__ksymtab) - 0) { __start___ksymtab = .; *(__ksymtab) __stop___ksymtab = .; } __ksymtab_gpl : AT(ADDR(__ksymtab_gpl) - 0) { __start___ksymtab_gpl = .; *(__ksymtab_gpl) __stop___ksymtab_gpl = .; } __ksymtab_unused : AT(ADDR(__ksymtab_unused) - 0) { __start___ksymtab_unused = .; *(__ksymtab_unused) __stop___ksymtab_unused = .; } __ksymtab_unused_gpl : AT(ADDR(__ksymtab_unused_gpl) - 0) { __start___ksymtab_unused_gpl = .; *(__ksymtab_unused_gpl) __stop___ksymtab_unused_gpl = .; } __ksymtab_gpl_future : AT(ADDR(__ksymtab_gpl_future) - 0) { __start___ksymtab_gpl_future = .; *(__ksymtab_gpl_future) __stop___ksymtab_gpl_future = .; } __kcrctab : AT(ADDR(__kcrctab) - 0) { __start___kcrctab = .; *(__kcrctab) __stop___kcrctab = .; } __kcrctab_gpl : AT(ADDR(__kcrctab_gpl) - 0) { __start___kcrctab_gpl = .; *(__kcrctab_gpl) __stop___kcrctab_gpl = .; } __kcrctab_unused : AT(ADDR(__kcrctab_unused) - 0) { __start___kcrctab_unused = .; *(__kcrctab_unused) __stop___kcrctab_unused = .; } __kcrctab_unused_gpl : AT(ADDR(__kcrctab_unused_gpl) - 0) { __start___kcrctab_unused_gpl = .; *(__kcrctab_unused_gpl) __stop___kcrctab_unused_gpl = .; } __kcrctab_gpl_future : AT(ADDR(__kcrctab_gpl_future) - 0) { __start___kcrctab_gpl_future = .; *(__kcrctab_gpl_future) __stop___kcrctab_gpl_future = .; } __ksymtab_strings : AT(ADDR(__ksymtab_strings) - 0) { *(__ksymtab_strings) } __init_rodata : AT(ADDR(__init_rodata) - 0) { *(.ref.rodata) *(.devinit.rodata) *(.devexit.rodata) } __param : AT(ADDR(__param) - 0) { __start___param = .; *(__param) __stop___param = .; . = ALIGN(((1 << 12))); __end_rodata = .; } . = ALIGN(((1 << 12)));
_etext = .; /* End of text and rodata section */
. = ALIGN(8192);
__data_loc = .;
.data : AT(__data_loc) {
_data = .; /* address in memory */
_sdata = .;
/*
* first, the init task union, aligned
* to an 8192 byte boundary.
*/
*(.data.init_task)
. = ALIGN((1 << 12));
__nosave_begin = .;
*(.data.nosave)
. = ALIGN((1 << 12));
__nosave_end = .;
/*
* then the cacheline aligned data
*/
. = ALIGN(32);
*(.data.cacheline_aligned)
/*
* The exception fixup table (might need resorting at runtime)
*/
. = ALIGN(32);
__start___ex_table = .;
*(__ex_table)
__stop___ex_table = .;
/*
* and the usual data section
*/
*(.data) *(.ref.data) *(.devinit.data) *(.devexit.data) . = ALIGN(8); __start___markers = .; *(__markers) __stop___markers = .; . = ALIGN(32); __start___tracepoints = .; *(__tracepoints) __stop___tracepoints = .; . = ALIGN(8); __start___verbose = .; *(__verbose) __stop___verbose = .;
CONSTRUCTORS
_edata = .;
}
_edata_loc = __data_loc + SIZEOF(.data);
.bss : {
__bss_start = .; /* BSS */
*(.bss)
*(COMMON)
__bss_stop = .;
_end = .;
}
/* Stabs debugging sections. */
.stab 0 : { *(.stab) }
.stabstr 0 : { *(.stabstr) }
.stab.excl 0 : { *(.stab.excl) }
.stab.exclstr 0 : { *(.stab.exclstr) }
.stab.index 0 : { *(.stab.index) }
.stab.indexstr 0 : { *(.stab.indexstr) }
.comment 0 : { *(.comment) }
}