Visual C++ Realizes Snake Game Project Combat III: Core Algorithm Design and Implementation (with source code and resources available for large jobs)

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1. The design of the main game

The main game category is mainly responsible for the display and update of Snake and Fruit

The design idea of ​​the fruit appearance is as follows

1: Random numbers are used to generate fruits and coordinates appear

2: Determine whether the coordinates of the currently generated fruit are within the body range of the greedy snake

3: If it is, regenerate until it is not, if not, return the coordinate position to the calling object

The declaration of the main game class includes the functions of drawing the snake body, initializing the game function, randomly assigning the fruit function and setting the current game level function, etc. The code is as follows

#ifndef __SNAKE_GAME_H__
#define __SNAKE_GAME_H__
//主游戏类

#include "Afxtempl.h"		//插入模板头文件

#define GAME_LEVEL_LOW  2
#define GAME_LEVEL_NOR  4
#define GAME_LEVEL_HIGH 8

#define DIREC_UP	1
#define DIREC_DOWN	2
#define DIREC_RIGHT 3
#define DIREC_LEFT	4

#define LOW_LEVEL_SLEEP		100
#define NOR_LEVEL_SLEEP		50
#define HIGH_LEVEL_SLEEP	30

class CSnakeGame:public CWnd
{
public:
	void HeroWrite();
	void ReDrawBody(CPoint pt);
	void InitGame();
	CSnakeGame();
	virtual ~CSnakeGame();

	BOOL GameStart();		//游戏开始函数
	void InitFoods();		//初始化果实函数
	void SetGameLevel(int level);

private:

	CPoint	m_psFood;		//当前食物坐标
	int		m_nDirect;		//当前蛇先进方向
	int		m_nScore;		//当前游戏分数
	int		m_nlevel;		//当前游戏等级
	int     m_nHighScore;	//当前游戏最高分

	CArray<CPoint,CPoint> m_body;	//蛇身向量
protected:
    afx_msg void OnPaint();
	afx_msg void OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent);
	afx_msg void OnKeyUp(UINT nChar, UINT nRepCnt, UINT nFlags);
    DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};

#endif

Through the declaration of the previous class, we already know several basic functions contained in the main game class, such as construction, destruction, drawing and receiving keyboard input, etc. These functions are the basis of the main game window class and are used to form dialog boxes and process pictures. Display and human-computer interaction process

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "SnakeGame.h"
#include "Resource.h"
#include "Rule.h"
#include "HeroDlg.h"

CSnakeGame::CSnakeGame()
{
	m_nScore = 0;
	m_psFood.x = 30;
	m_psFood.y = 30;
	m_nHighScore = 0;
}

CSnakeGame::~CSnakeGame()
{
}

// 消息映射表
BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP( CSnakeGame, CWnd )
//{
   
   {AFX_MSG_MAP(CSnakeGame)
ON_WM_PAINT()
ON_WM_TIMER()
ON_WM_KEYUP()
//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()
//
// 初始化果实
//
void CSnakeGame::InitFoods()
{	
	int m_ysX,m_ysY;
	while(1)
	{
		m_ysX=rand()%28;          //随机生成横坐标使其与贪吃蛇的身体可以接上
		m_ysY=rand()%28;          //随机生成纵坐标使其与贪吃蛇的身体可以接上
		for(int i=0;i<=m_body.GetUpperBound();i++)
		{
			CPoint ysPoint1=m_body.GetAt(i);      //获取贪吃蛇的身体坐标
			if(ysPoint1.x!=m_ysX||ysPoint1.y!=m_ysY)//如果身体的横坐标或纵坐标与果实的横纵坐标相同
			{
				m_psFood = CPoint(m_ysX, m_ysY);//将随机出现的坐标记录为果实坐标
				return;
			}
		}
	}
}
//
// 设置游戏等级
//
void CSnakeGame::SetGameLevel(int level)
{
	m_nlevel = level;
}
//
// 开始游戏函数
//
BOOL CSnakeGame::GameStart()
{
	int nSleep = LOW_LEVEL_SLEEP;

	char pszTmp[128] = {0};

	switch(m_nlevel)
	{
	case GAME_LEVEL_HIGH:
		nSleep = HIGH_LEVEL_SLEEP;
		break;
	case GAME_LEVEL_NOR:
		nSleep = NOR_LEVEL_SLEEP;
		break;
	}

	GetPrivateProfileString("HERO", "score", "0", 
		pszTmp, 127, ".\\hero.ini");
	m_nHighScore = atoi(pszTmp);

	SetTimer(1, nSleep, NULL);

	InitGame();

	return TRUE;
}

//
// 处理WM_PAINT消息
//
void CSnakeGame::OnPaint()
{
    CPaintDC dc( this );
    CDC MemDC;
    MemDC.CreateCompatibleDC( &dc );
    // 装载背景
    CBitmap bmp;
    CPen pen;
    bmp.LoadBitmap( IDB_BMP_BJ );
    pen.CreatePen( PS_SOLID, 1, 0xff );
    MemDC.SelectObject( &bmp );
    MemDC.SelectObject( &pen );
    MemDC.SetROP2( R2_NOTXORPEN );

	CString ysStr;                            //定义字符串用于显示游戏时间得分等字
	MemDC.SetBkMode(TRANSPARENT);             //设置字体背景
	MemDC.SetTextColor(67);                   //设置字体颜色
	ysStr.Format("当前得分:%d",m_nScore);     //初始化字符串
	MemDC.TextOut(30,50,ysStr);               //输出文本
	switch(m_nlevel)                     //根据等级判断
	{
	case GAME_LEVEL_LOW:                                   //如果是初级
		ysStr.Format("当前等级:  初 级");
		break;
	case GAME_LEVEL_NOR:                                   //如果是中级
		ysStr.Format("当前等级:  中 级");
		break;
	case GAME_LEVEL_HIGH:                                   //如果是高级
		ysStr.Format("当前等级:  高 级");
		break;
	}
	MemDC.TextOut(30,30,ysStr);

	//绘制蛇的样式
	CPen yspen;                          
	yspen.CreatePen(1,1,RGB(255,255,255));   //定义白色画笔绘制蛇的边框
	MemDC.SelectObject(&yspen);                
	CBrush ysbrush;
	//
	int k=m_body.GetUpperBound()+2;         //设置一个变量存储贪吃蛇的身体长度
	if(k<=10)                                 //如果小于10，那么就为绿色
	{
		ysbrush.CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,255,0)); 
		MemDC.SelectObject(&ysbrush);
		//绘制果实
		MemDC.Rectangle(
			CRect(10+m_psFood.y*10,
			120+m_psFood.x*10,
			10+(m_psFood.y+1)*10,
			120+(m_psFood.x+1)*10)
			);
	}
	else if(k>10&&k<=20)                      //如果在10和20之间，那么就为绿色
	{
		ysbrush.CreateSolidBrush(RGB(0,0,255)); 
		MemDC.SelectObject(&ysbrush);
		//绘制果实
		MemDC.Rectangle(
			CRect(10+m_psFood.y*10,
			120+m_psFood.x*10,
			10+(m_psFood.y+1)*10,
			120+(m_psFood.x+1)*10)
			);
	}
	else if(k>20&&k<=30)                      //如果在20和30之间，那么就为绿色
	{
		ysbrush.CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255,255,0)); 
		MemDC.SelectObject(&ysbrush);
		//绘制果实
		MemDC.Rectangle(
			CRect(10+m_psFood.y*10,
			120+m_psFood.x*10,
			10+(m_psFood.y+1)*10,
			120+(m_psFood.x+1)*10)
			);
	}
	else                                       //其余情况均为红色
	{
		ysbrush.CreateSolidBrush(RGB(255,0,0)); 
		MemDC.SelectObject(&ysbrush);
		//绘制果实
		MemDC.Rectangle(
			CRect(10+m_psFood.y*10,
			120+m_psFood.x*10,
			10+(m_psFood.y+1)*10,
			120+(m_psFood.x+1)*10)
			);
	}
	//初始化点数组
	for(int i=0;i<=m_body.GetUpperBound();i++)
	{
		CPoint ysPoint=m_body.GetAt(i);		
        MemDC.Rectangle(
			CRect(10+ysPoint.y*10,
			120+ysPoint.x*10,
			10+(ysPoint.y+1)*10,
			120+(ysPoint.x+1)*10)
			);
	}
	
    dc.BitBlt( 0, 0, 325, 425, &MemDC,0, 0, SRCCOPY );

}
//
// 处理按键消息
//
void CSnakeGame::OnKeyUp(UINT nChar, UINT nRepCnt, UINT nFlags)
{
	switch(nChar)
	{
	case VK_UP:                   //按向上键
		m_nDirect=DIREC_UP;       //控制方向变量为DIREC_UP
		break;
	case VK_DOWN:                 //按向下键
		m_nDirect=DIREC_DOWN;     //控制方向变量为DIREC_DOWN
		break;
	case VK_LEFT:                 //按向左键
		m_nDirect=DIREC_LEFT;     //控制方向变量为DIREC_LEFT
		break;
	case VK_RIGHT:                //按向右键
		m_nDirect=DIREC_RIGHT;    //控制方向变量为DIREC_RIGHT
		break;
	default:
		break;
	}
}
//
// 定时器响应函数
//
void CSnakeGame::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent) 
{
	CPoint ysPoint=m_body.GetAt(0);     //获取蛇身的第一个点坐标
	BOOL bTag = FALSE;                   //定义判断死亡的变量
	CRule rule;							 //游戏规则类

	switch(m_nDirect)                     //根据键盘按下键来选择蛇移动的方向
	{
	case DIREC_DOWN:                       //方向变量向下
		ysPoint.x++;                      //点纵坐标自加

		break;
	case DIREC_UP:                         //方向变量向上
		ysPoint.x--;                      //点纵坐标自减
		break;
	case DIREC_RIGHT:                      //方向变量向右
		ysPoint.y++;                      //点横坐标自加
		break;
	case DIREC_LEFT:                       //方向变量向左
		ysPoint.y--;                      //点横坐标自减
		break;
	}
	
	if(rule.IsOver(ysPoint, m_body))		//游戏结束
	{
		KillTimer(1);						//关闭定时器

		if(m_nScore > m_nHighScore)			//超过最高分
		{
			HeroWrite();					//写英雄榜
		}
		else
		{
			AfxMessageBox("游戏结束,你的分数太低了,没有能进入英雄榜");
		}
	}
	else
	{
		m_body.InsertAt(0,ysPoint);    //将新点添加到蛇的身体中
		ReDrawBody(ysPoint);           //重绘蛇的身体
		if(ysPoint.x==m_psFood.x&&ysPoint.y==m_psFood.y) //如果蛇的身体与果实坐标重合
		{
			
			int nlen=m_body.GetUpperBound();//获取蛇身体的长度
					
			m_nScore = m_nlevel * (nlen-3);//统计分数
			
			InitFoods();                 //再出现下一个果实
			
			Invalidate();                 //窗口重绘
		}
		else
		{
			CPoint pt=m_body.GetAt(m_body.GetUpperBound());//将最后一个赋给pt
			m_body.RemoveAt(m_body.GetUpperBound());       //将移出最后一个
			ReDrawBody(pt);                                //重新绘制pt这点
		}
	}
}
//
// 初始化游戏
//
void CSnakeGame::InitGame()
{
	m_body.RemoveAll();

	m_body.Add(CPoint(3, 8));
	m_body.Add(CPoint(3, 7));
	m_body.Add(CPoint(3, 6));
	m_body.Add(CPoint(3, 5));

	srand((unsigned)time(NULL)); //初始化随机数生成器
	
	m_nDirect = DIREC_RIGHT;	 //初始时向右
	m_nScore  = 0;				 //初始化分数

	InitFoods();				 //初始化果实函数

	Invalidate();                //重绘窗口
}
//
//重绘指定点
//
void CSnakeGame::ReDrawBody(CPoint pt)
{
	InvalidateRect(
		CRect(10+pt.y*10,
		120+pt.x*10,
		10+(pt.y+1)*10,
		120+(pt.x+1)*10)
		);
}
//
// 英雄榜写入及弹出
//
void CSnakeGame::HeroWrite()
{
	CHeroDlg dlg;

	dlg.SetWriteFlg(TRUE);		//设置可标志
	
	dlg.m_level = m_nlevel;		//设置等级
	
	dlg.m_score = m_nScore;		//设置分数
	
	dlg.DoModal();				//弹出对话框
}

2. Realization of game rules

The game rules class is mainly responsible for the processing of game rules. In the Snake game, there are mainly the following two rules to be implemented

1: When the greedy snake touches the surrounding boundaries, it is considered that the greedy snake is dead and the game is over

2: When the greedy snake touches your body, it is deemed that the greedy snake is dead, and the game is over

To realize these two rules, it is only necessary to judge the walking path of the snake, and judge the current position of the snake head every time it takes a step. At the same time, it is determined that eating snakes and dying

The implementation code of the game rule class is as follows

#ifndef __RULE_H__
#define __RULE_H__

#include <afxtempl.h>

#define MAX_POINT 29
#define MIN_POINT 0

class CRule
{
public:
	BOOL IsOver(CPoint &pt, CArray<CPoint, CPoint> &body);		//判断当前点是否为游戏结束
	
};

#endif 

In the game end judgment interface function of the game rule class, L is realized through the following methods:

First traverse the current snake body array, and judge if there is an ordinate that exceeds the bottom border or is less than the top border, it means that the game is over, and then judges that if there is an abscissa that exceeds the rightmost border or the leftmost border, also Indicates that the game is over, if it is not the end of the game, it will return directly, the code is as follows

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Rule.h"

BOOL CRule::IsOver(CPoint &pt, CArray<CPoint, CPoint> &body)
{
	if(pt.x>=MAX_POINT || pt.x<MIN_POINT)                 //如果纵坐标多于最下端边框或者少于最上端边框
	{
		return TRUE;                      //判断死亡
	}
	else if(pt.y>=MAX_POINT || pt.y<MIN_POINT)           //横坐标多于最右端边框
	{
		return TRUE;                      //判断死亡
	}

	for(int i=0;i<=body.GetUpperBound();i++)
	{
		CPoint pt1 = body.GetAt(i);     //将蛇身体的坐标传递给新定义的点
		if(pt.x==pt1.x&&pt.y==pt1.y)	  //如果两点完全相同,说明蛇碰到身体
		{
			return TRUE;				  //判断死亡
		}
	}

	return FALSE;
}

 

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