C++ learning route (basic)

This article refers to the sharing of C++ learning materials:

Link: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1j-R61qvApOUPt1CaTZ93Kg?pwd=9gzi 
Extraction code: 9gzi 

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm. It combines data and data operation methods into classes, creates objects by instantiating classes, and calls its methods through objects to implement programs. function. OOP emphasizes viewing the problem as an object, which contains data and methods for manipulating the data, and supports data encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

In object-oriented programming, a program is decomposed into multiple objects, each object can have its own attributes and behaviors, and can interact with each other. In this way, problems in the real world can be better simulated and the code efficiency can be improved. Reusability and maintainability. Concepts commonly used in OOP include classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, and encapsulation.

In general, object-oriented programming is a powerful and flexible programming idea that can help programmers develop programs more efficiently and improve code readability, maintainability, and reusability.

C++ is an object-oriented programming language whose basic syntax includes the following:

1. Variables and data types: In C++, different data types can be used to store different types of data. Common data types include integer types, floating point types, character types, etc. A variable is a storage location with a name and data type that can be used to store data. When defining a variable, you need to specify the variable name and data type, for example:

int age = 20;
float salary = 5000.5;
char grade = 'A';

2. Operators: Common arithmetic, logical and comparison operators are supported in C++. Common operators include addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, remainder, assignment, comparison, etc. For example:

int a = 10, b = 20, c;
c = a + b;
c = a * b;
c = a / b;
c = a % b;
bool flag = (a > b);

3. Control statement: Common control statements such as if statement, while loop, and for loop are supported in C++. The if statement is used for conditional judgment, and the while loop and for loop are used to perform repeated operations. For example:

int a = 10, b = 20;
if (a > b) {
    cout << "a is greater than b";
} else {
    cout << "b is greater than a";
}

int i = 0;
while (i < 10) {
    cout << i << endl;
    i++;
}

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    cout << i << endl;
}

4. Function: C++ supports the definition and calling of functions. Functions can take parameters and return values. For example:

int add(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}

int result = add(10, 20);

5. Array: C++ supports the definition and use of arrays. An array is a collection of elements of the same type. For example:

int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    sum += arr[i];
}

6. Pointers: The use of pointers is supported in C++. A pointer is a variable that stores an address. The data stored at this address can be accessed through the pointer. For example:

int a = 10;
int *ptr = &a;
cout << *ptr << endl;  // 输出10

7. Classes and objects: C++ is an object-oriented programming language that supports the definition and use of classes and objects. A class is a user-defined data type, and an object is an instance of a class. For example:

class Person {
public:
    string name;
    int age;
    void sayHello() {
   
   

Learning C++ can be divided into the following steps:

1. Learn the basic grammar of C++: learn basic grammar knowledge such as variables, constants, data types, operators, expressions, flow control structures, etc. It is recommended to choose an authoritative C++ textbook or online tutorial for learning.

2. Familiar with C++ standard library: C++ standard library is an important part of C++ programming, including containers, algorithms, iterators, etc. It is recommended to be familiar with commonly used containers and algorithms in C++ standard library, such as vector, map, sort, find, etc.

3. Master the idea of ​​object-oriented programming: C++ is an object-oriented programming language, so to learn C++, you must master the idea of ​​object-oriented programming, including class definition, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, etc.

4. Familiar with the common development tools of C++: The common development tools of C++ include Visual Studio, Code::Blocks, Eclipse, etc. It is recommended to choose a familiar tool for learning.

5. Participate in project practice: C++ is a very practical language. If you want to truly master C++, you need to participate in actual project practice to consolidate the knowledge you have learned and improve your actual combat experience.