background
For databases, performance testing is a very frequent thing. Optimizing the rules of the query engine, adjusting the parameters of the storage engine, etc., all need to pass the performance test to check the impact of the system in different scenarios.
Even with the same code and the same parameter configuration, there are big differences in different machine resource configurations and different business scenarios. Record the internal stress testing practice process for reference.
The operating system in this article is CentOS 7.8 with x86 architecture .
The machine where nebula is deployed is configured with 4C 16G memory, SSD disk, and 10G network .
tool
- nebula-ansible is used to deploy nebula services
- nebula-importer is used to import data into the nebula cluster
- k6-plugin k6 stress testing tool, which uses the go client to initiate requests to the nebula cluster
- nebula-bench integrates the generation of LDBC datasets, data import and stress testing.
- ldbc_snb_datagen_hadoop LDBC data generation tool
Overview
The data uses the LDBC dataset automatically generated by ldbc_snb_datagen. The overall process is as follows.
Deploy the topology, use 1 machine as the stress test load machine, and 3 machines form a nebula cluster
In order to facilitate monitoring, the pressure test load machine is also deployed:
- Prometheus
- Influxdb
- Grafana
- node-exporter
Also deployed on the nebula machine:
- node-exporter
- process-exporter
Specific steps
Deploy nebula with nebula-ansible
- First initialize the user, get through ssh
- Log in to 192.168.8.60, 192.168.8.61, 192.168.8.62, 192.168.8.63, create a vesoft user, join sudoer, and set NOPASSWD.
- Log in to 192.168.8.60 and get through ssh
ssh-keygen
ssh-copy-id [email protected]
ssh-copy-id [email protected]
ssh-copy-id [email protected]
- Download nebula-ansible, install ansible, and modify the ansible configuration
sudo yum install ansible -y
git clone https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula-ansible
cd nebula-ansible/
# 因为默认是国际 cdn，改为国内的 cdn
sed -i 's/oss-cdn.nebula-graph.io/oss-cdn.nebula-graph.com.cn/g' group_vars/all.yml
inventory.ini example
[all:vars]
# GA or nightly
install_source_type = GA
nebula_version = 2.0.1
os_version = el7
arc = x86_64
pkg = rpm
packages_dir = {{ playbook_dir }}/packages
deploy_dir = /home/vesoft/nebula
data_dir = {{ deploy_dir }}/data
# ssh user
ansible_ssh_user = vesoft
force_download = False
[metad]
192.168.8.[61:63]
[graphd]
192.168.8.[61:63]
[storaged]
192.168.8.[61:63]
- Install and start nebula
ansible-playbook install.yml
ansible-playbook start.yml
Deployment monitoring
In order to facilitate deployment and use Docker-Compose to run, you need to install Docker and Docker-Compose on the machine first.
Login 192.168.8.60 Pressure Tester
git clone https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula-bench.git
cd nebula-bench
cp -r third/promethues ~/.
cp -r third/exporter ~/.
cd ~/exporter/ && docker-compose up -d
cd ~/promethues
# 修改监控节点的 exporter 的地址
# vi prometheus.yml
docker-compose up -d
# 复制 exporter 到 192.168.8.61，192.168.8.62，192.168.8.63，然后启动 docker-compse
Configure the data source and dashboard of grafana, see https://github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula-bench/tree/master/third for details .
Generate LDBC dataset
cd nebula-bench
sudo yum install -y git \
make \
file \
libev \
libev-devel \
gcc \
wget \
python3 \
python3-devel \
java-1.8.0-openjdk \
maven
pip3 install --user -r requirements.txt
# 默认生成 sf1, 1G的数据，300w+点，1700w+边
python3 run.py data
# mv 生成好的数据
mv target/data/test_data/ ./sf1
Import Data
cd nebula-bench
# 修改 .evn
cp env .env
vi .env
Here is an example of .env
DATA_FOLDER=sf1
NEBULA_SPACE=sf1
NEBULA_USER=root
NEBULA_PASSWORD=nebula
NEBULA_ADDRESS=192.168.8.61:9669,192.168.8.62:9669,192.168.8.63:9669
#NEBULA_MAX_CONNECTION=100
INFLUXDB_URL=http://192.168.8.60:8086/k6
# 编译 nebula-importer 和 k6
./scripts/setup.sh
# 导入数据
python3 run.py nebula importer
During the import process, you can focus on the following network bandwidth and disk io writes.
Perform stress testing
python3 run.py stress run
It will automatically render the js file according to the code in scenarios, and then use k6 to stress test all scenarios.
After execution, the js file and stress test results are in the output folder.
where latencyis the latency time returned by the server, and responseTimeis the time from when the client initiates execute to receiving, in us.
[vesoft@qa-60 nebula-bench]$ more output/result_Go1Step.json
{
"metrics": {
"data_sent": {
"count": 0,
"rate": 0
},
"checks": {
"passes": 1667632,
"fails": 0,
"value": 1
},
"data_received": {
"count": 0,
"rate": 0
},
"iteration_duration": {
"min": 0.610039,
"avg": 3.589942336582023,
"med": 2.9560145,
"max": 1004.232905,
"p(90)": 6.351617299999998,
"p(95)": 7.997563949999995,
"p(99)": 12.121579809999997
},
"latency": {
"min": 308,
"avg": 2266.528722763775,
"med": 1867,
"p(90)": 3980,
"p(95)": 5060,
"p(99)": 7999
},
"responseTime": {
"max": 94030,
"p(90)": 6177,
"p(95)": 7778,
"p(99)": 11616,
"min": 502,
"avg": 3437.376111156418,
"med": 2831
},
"iterations": {
"count": 1667632,
"rate": 27331.94978169588
},
"vus": {
"max": 100,
"value": 100,
"min": 0
[vesoft@qa-60 nebula-bench]$ head -300 output/output_Go1Step.csv | grep -v USE
timestamp,nGQL,latency,responseTime,isSucceed,rows,errorMsg
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 4398046516514 OVER KNOWS,1217,1536,true,1,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 2199023262994 OVER KNOWS,1388,1829,true,94,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 1129 OVER KNOWS,1488,2875,true,14,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069771578 OVER KNOWS,1139,1647,true,30,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 2199023261211 OVER KNOWS,1399,2096,true,6,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 2199023256684 OVER KNOWS,1377,2202,true,4,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 4398046515995 OVER KNOWS,1487,2017,true,39,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116278700 OVER KNOWS,837,1381,true,3,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 933 OVER KNOWS,1130,3422,true,5,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069771971 OVER KNOWS,1022,2292,true,60,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116279952 OVER KNOWS,1221,1758,true,3,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8796093031179 OVER KNOWS,1252,1811,true,13,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116279792 OVER KNOWS,1115,1858,true,6,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069777326 OVER KNOWS,1223,2016,true,4,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8796093028089 OVER KNOWS,1361,2054,true,13,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069777454 OVER KNOWS,1219,2116,true,2,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 13194139536109 OVER KNOWS,1027,1604,true,2,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10027 OVER KNOWS,2212,3016,true,83,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 13194139544176 OVER KNOWS,855,1478,true,29,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116280047 OVER KNOWS,1874,2211,true,12,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 15393162797860 OVER KNOWS,714,1684,true,5,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069770517 OVER KNOWS,2295,3056,true,7,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 17592186050570 OVER KNOWS,768,1630,true,26,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8853 OVER KNOWS,2773,3509,true,14,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 19791209307908 OVER KNOWS,1022,1556,true,6,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 13194139544258 OVER KNOWS,1542,2309,true,91,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 10995116285325 OVER KNOWS,1901,2556,true,0,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 6597069774931 OVER KNOWS,2040,3291,true,152,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8796093025056 OVER KNOWS,2007,2728,true,29,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 21990232560726 OVER KNOWS,1639,2364,true,9,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 8796093030318 OVER KNOWS,2145,2851,true,6,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 21990232556027 OVER KNOWS,1784,2554,true,5,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 15393162796879 OVER KNOWS,2621,3184,true,71,
1628147822,GO 1 STEP FROM 17592186051113 OVER KNOWS,2052,2990,true,5,
You can also stress test a single scene and continuously adjust configuration parameters for comparison.
concurrent read
# 执行 go 2 跳，50 并发，持续 300 秒
python3 run.py stress run -scenario go.Go2Step -vu 50 -d 300
INFO[0302] 2021/08/06 03:55:27 [INFO] finish init the pool
✓ IsSucceed
█ setup
█ teardown
checks...............: 100.00% ✓ 1559930 ✗ 0
data_received........: 0 B 0 B/s
data_sent............: 0 B 0 B/s
iteration_duration...: min=687.47µs avg=9.6ms med=8.04ms max=1.03s p(90)=18.41ms p(95)=22.58ms p(99)=31.87ms
iterations...........: 1559930 5181.432199/s
latency..............: min=398 avg=6847.850345 med=5736 max=222542 p(90)=13046 p(95)=16217 p(99)=23448
responseTime.........: min=603 avg=9460.857877 med=7904 max=226992 p(90)=18262 p(95)=22429 p(99)=31726.71
vus..................: 50 min=0 max=50
vus_max..............: 50 min=50 max=50
At the same time, you can observe the various indicators monitored.
checks is to verify whether the request is executed successfully. If the execution fails, the failed error message will be saved in csv.
awk -F ',' '{print $NF}' output/output_Go2Step.csv|sort |uniq -c
# 执行 go 2 跳，200 并发，持续 300 秒
python3 run.py stress run -scenario go.Go2Step -vu 200 -d 300
INFO[0302] 2021/08/06 04:02:34 [INFO] finish init the pool
✓ IsSucceed
█ setup
█ teardown
checks...............: 100.00% ✓ 1866850 ✗ 0
data_received........: 0 B 0 B/s
data_sent............: 0 B 0 B/s
iteration_duration...: min=724.77µs avg=32.12ms med=25.56ms max=1.03s p(90)=63.07ms p(95)=84.52ms p(99)=123.92ms
iterations...........: 1866850 6200.23481/s
latency..............: min=395 avg=25280.893558 med=20411 max=312781 p(90)=48673 p(95)=64758 p(99)=97993.53
responseTime.........: min=627 avg=31970.234329 med=25400 max=340299 p(90)=62907 p(95)=84361.55 p(99)=123750
vus..................: 200 min=0 max=200
vus_max..............: 200 min=200 max=200
Monitoring data of k6 on grafana
concurrent write
# 执行 insert，200 并发，持续 300 秒，默认 batchSize 100
python3 run.py stress run -scenario go.Go2Step -vu 200 -d 300
You can manually modify the js file and adjust the batchSize
sed -i 's/batchSize = 100/batchSize = 300/g' output/InsertPersonScenario.js
# 手动运行 k6
scripts/k6 run output/InsertPersonScenario.js -u 400 -d 30s --summary-trend-stats "min,avg,med,max,p(90),p(95),p(99)" --summary-export output/result_InsertPersonScenario.json --out influxdb=http://192.168.8.60:8086/k6
When the batchSize is 300 and the concurrency is 400, an error will occur.
INFO[0032] 2021/08/06 04:03:49 [INFO] finish init the pool
✗ IsSucceed
↳ 96% — ✓ 31257 / ✗ 1103
█ setup
█ teardown
checks...............: 96.59% ✓ 31257 ✗ 1103
data_received........: 0 B 0 B/s
data_sent............: 0 B 0 B/s
iteration_duration...: min=12.56ms avg=360.11ms med=319.12ms max=2.07s p(90)=590.31ms p(95)=696.69ms p(99)=958.32ms
iterations...........: 32360 1028.339207/s
latency..............: min=4642 avg=206931.543016 med=206162 max=915671 p(90)=320397.4 p(95)=355798.7 p(99)=459521.39
responseTime.........: min=6272 avg=250383.122188 med=239297.5 max=1497159 p(90)=384190.5 p(95)=443439.6 p(99)=631460.92
vus..................: 400 min=0 max=400
vus_max..............: 400 min=400 max=400
awk -F ',' '{print $NF}' output/output_InsertPersonScenario.csv|sort |uniq -c
31660
1103 error: E_CONSENSUS_ERROR(-16)."
1 errorMsg
It is found that E_CONSENSUS_ERRORwhen the concurrency is large, the appendlog buffer of raft overflows, and the relevant parameters can be adjusted.
Summarize
- Using LDBC as a standard data set, the data features will be standard, and more data such as 1 billion points can be generated, and the data structure is the same.
- Using k6 as a stress test load tool, binary is more convenient than Jmeter, and because k6 uses Golang's goroutine at the bottom, it uses less resources than Jmeter.
- Through tools, you can simulate various scenarios or adjust the parameters of nebula to make better use of server resources.
"Complete Guide to Open Source Distributed Graph Database Nebula Graph", also known as: Nebula Book, which records the knowledge points and specific usage of graph database and graph database Nebula Graph in detail, read the portal: https://docs.nebula- graph.com.cn/site/pdf/NebulaGraph-book.pdf
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