rsync synchronization (transfer)

rsync is a data mirror backup tool under Unix-like systems. Generally, linux systems come with it [you can confirm: shell>rpm -qa|grep rsync]

operate:

The server configures /etc/rsyncd.conf, enables deamon, and acts as the host. Incremental changes to files are generated here.

The client crontab goes to poll, actively runs the script, accesses the server, and pulls the server files.

Server: 192.168.1.2 Sync directory: /home/source

Client: 192.168.1.3 Sync Directory: /home/receive

1. Server configuration

shell>vi /etc/rsyncd.conf #Create configuration file rsyncd.conf

Configuration file content:

uid=nobody //The user running the rsync daemon, specify 0 as root
gid=nobody //The group running the rsync daemon, specify 0 as the root group
use chroot = no //Do not use chroot
max connections = 10 //Maximum Number of connections, 0 is
unlimited pid file = /var/run/rsyncde.pid //pid file storage location
lock file = /var/run/rsync.lock //lock file storage location
log file = /var/log/rsyncd .log //The storage location of the log record file
//This option can override the IP timeout time specified by the client
//This option can ensure that the rsync server will not wait forever for a crashed client
//The timeout unit is seconds, 0 Indicates that there is no timeout defined, which is also the default value.
//For anonymous rsync servers, an ideal number is 600.
Timeout = 300
Log format = %t %a %m %f %b
[backup] //This is authentication Module name, you need to specify
path=/home/source/ on the client side //The directory that needs to be mirrored
ignore errors //Some irrelevant IO errors can be ignored
read only = yes //This option sets whether to allow customers to upload files
list = no //Do not allow listing files
auth users = rsync //Authenticated username
secrets file = /etc/rsyncd.secrets //Secret file (defined below)
hosts allow = 192.168.1.3 //Allow hosts or network segment
hosts deny = 0.0.0.0/0 //Disable host

shell>vi etc/rsyncd.secrets #Create a password file

content:

rsync:rsync //Here both username and password are defined as rsync

shell>chmod 0600 /etc/rsyncd.secrets #Change password file permissions (important here)

shell>rsync --daemon; #Start the service, listen on port 873 by default (you can modify it yourself)

2. Client

The client does not need to start the rsync service

shell>vi /etc/rsyncd.secrets #This is also to create a password file, the file name is customized, but the content only needs to fill in the target service authorization password

shell>chmod 0600 /etc/rsyncd.secrets #Change file permissions

content:

rsync //Here is the server-side rsync service authorization password

Test: (create the test file in the server /home/source/ first)

Need to ntpupdate the two servers have the same time

shell>rsync -vzrtopg --delete --progress --password-file=/etc/rsyncd.secrets [email protected]::backup /home/receive

v:传输时的进度等信息, z:表示压缩, r:是递归, t:保持文件原有时间, o:保持文件原有属主, P:传输进度, g:保持文件原有用户组
--progress 指显示

--delete 指如果服务器端删除了这一文件，那么客户端也相应把文件删除，保持真正的一致

--password-file=/etc/rsyncd.secrets 认证密码

rsync 认证用户

backup 认证模块

如果客户端/home/receive/下产生了test文件代表同步成功

下一步写一个脚本文件实现真正的同步......

启动脚本：rsync.sh 

shell>vi /home/rsync.sh

#!/bin/sh rsync -vzrtopg --delete --progress --password-file=/etc/rsyncd.secrets [email protected]::backup /home/receive

关闭脚本：killrsync.sh

shell>vi /home/killrsync.sh

#!/bin/sh
RSYNC_PID=`ps auxww|grep rsync |grep -v grep|awk '{print $2}'`
kill -9 $RSYNC_PID

设置定时任务 (crontab？google can help you！)

shell>crontab -e

SHELL=/bin/sh
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
MAILTO=root
0 3 * * * /home/rsync.sh //每天晚上3点执行一次同步
0 6 * * * /home/killrsync.sh //每天早上6点强制终止同步(如果还没完成)

shell>crontab -l #可以查看任务设置情况

shell>service crond status #查看crond是否已启动，若启动了能看到PID

shell>service crond start #启动crond服务