W3c Web Standards
WEB standard
WEB standard is not a standard, but a collection of a series of standards. Web pages are mainly composed of three parts: structure (Structure), performance (Presentation) and behavior (Behavior). The corresponding standards are also divided into three aspects: the structured standard language mainly includes XHTML and XML, the presentation standard language mainly includes CSS, and the behavior standard mainly includes the object model (such as W3C DOM), ECMAScript and so on. Most of these standards are drafted and published by the W3C, and some are standards formulated by other standards organizations, such as the ECMAScript standard of ECMA (European Computer Manufacturers Association). Let's take a brief look at these standards:
1. Structural standard language
(1) XML
XML is the abbreviation of The Extensible Markup Language (Extensible Markup Language). The current recommendation to follow is XML1.0 published by W3C on October 6, 2000, reference (www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-XML-20001006). Like HTML, XML is derived from SGML, but XML is a language that defines other languages. The purpose of XML's original design is to make up for the deficiencies of HTML, and to meet the needs of network information publishing with strong expansibility. Later, it was gradually used for the transformation and description of network data. I won't say much about the benefits and technical specifications of XML here. There are many materials on the Internet and many books for reference.
(2) XHTML
XHTML is an acronym for The Extensible HyperText Markup Language. The current recommendation is to follow the W3C recommendation of XML1.0 on January 26, 2000 (refer to http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1). Although XML has powerful data conversion capabilities and can completely replace HTML, it is still too early to directly adopt XML in the face of thousands of existing sites. Therefore, on the basis of HTML4.0, we extend it with the rules of XML, and get XHTML. Simply put, the purpose of establishing XHTML is to realize the transition from HTML to XML.
2. Presentation standard language
CSS is the abbreviation of Cascading Style Sheets. The current recommendation is to follow the W3C recommendation of CSS2 on May 12, 1998 (refer to http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/). The W3C created the CSS standard with the intention of replacing HTML with the language for tabular layout, framing, and other presentations. The combination of pure CSS layout and structured XHTML helps designers separate appearance and structure, making the site easier to access and maintain.
3. Behavioral standards
(1) DOM
DOM is the abbreviation of Document Object Model Document Object Model. According to the W3C DOM specification (http://www.w3.org/DOM/), the DOM is an interface with browsers, platforms, and languages that allows you to access other standard components of a page. Simply understood, the DOM resolves the conflict between Netscaped's Javascript and Microsoft's Jscript, giving web designers and developers a standard way to access data, scripts, and presentation-level objects in their sites.
(2) ECMAScript
ECMAScript is a standard scripting language (JAVAScript) developed by ECMA (European Computer Manufacturers Association). The current recommendation to follow is ECMAScript 262 (http://www.ecma.ch/ecma1/STAND/ECMA-262.HTM).
WEB standard is not a standard, but a collection of a series of standards. Web pages are mainly composed of three parts: structure (Structure), performance (Presentation) and behavior (Behavior). The corresponding standards are also divided into three aspects: the structured standard language mainly includes XHTML and XML, the presentation standard language mainly includes CSS, and the behavior standard mainly includes the object model (such as W3C DOM), ECMAScript and so on. Most of these standards are drafted and published by the W3C, and some are standards formulated by other standards organizations, such as the ECMAScript standard of ECMA (European Computer Manufacturers Association). Let's take a brief look at these standards:
1. Structural standard language
(1) XML
XML is the abbreviation of The Extensible Markup Language (Extensible Markup Language). The current recommendation to follow is XML1.0 published by W3C on October 6, 2000, reference (www.w3.org/TR/2000/REC-XML-20001006). Like HTML, XML is derived from SGML, but XML is a language that defines other languages. The purpose of XML's original design is to make up for the deficiencies of HTML, and to meet the needs of network information publishing with strong expansibility. Later, it was gradually used for the transformation and description of network data. I won't say much about the benefits and technical specifications of XML here. There are many materials on the Internet and many books for reference.
(2) XHTML
XHTML is an acronym for The Extensible HyperText Markup Language. The current recommendation is to follow the W3C recommendation of XML1.0 on January 26, 2000 (refer to http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1). Although XML has powerful data conversion capabilities and can completely replace HTML, it is still too early to directly adopt XML in the face of thousands of existing sites. Therefore, on the basis of HTML4.0, we extend it with the rules of XML, and get XHTML. Simply put, the purpose of establishing XHTML is to realize the transition from HTML to XML.
2. Presentation standard language
CSS is the abbreviation of Cascading Style Sheets. The current recommendation is to follow the W3C recommendation of CSS2 on May 12, 1998 (refer to http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS2/). The W3C created the CSS standard with the intention of replacing HTML with the language for tabular layout, framing, and other presentations. The combination of pure CSS layout and structured XHTML helps designers separate appearance and structure, making the site easier to access and maintain.
3. Behavioral standards
(1) DOM
DOM is the abbreviation of Document Object Model Document Object Model. According to the W3C DOM specification (http://www.w3.org/DOM/), the DOM is an interface with browsers, platforms, and languages that allows you to access other standard components of a page. Simply understood, the DOM resolves the conflict between Netscaped's Javascript and Microsoft's Jscript, giving web designers and developers a standard way to access data, scripts, and presentation-level objects in their sites.
(2) ECMAScript
ECMAScript is a standard scripting language (JAVAScript) developed by ECMA (European Computer Manufacturers Association). The current recommendation to follow is ECMAScript 262 (http://www.ecma.ch/ecma1/STAND/ECMA-262.HTM).