Springboot integrates Quartz to dynamically configure timing tasks

foreword

In our daily development, many times, timed tasks are not hard-coded, but written to the database, so as to realize the dynamic configuration of timed tasks. The following is a simple example to achieve this function.

1. Create a new springboot project and add dependencies

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<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
<artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
<version>2.2.1</version>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
</dependency>

Second, the configuration file application.properties

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# server port number
server.port=7902
# Whether to generate a ddl statement
spring.jpa.generate-ddl=false
# Whether to print sql statement
spring.jpa.show-sql=true
# 自动生成ddl，由于指定了具体的ddl，此处设置为none
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=none
# 使用H2数据库
spring.datasource.platform=h2
# 指定生成数据库的schema文件位置
spring.datasource.schema=classpath:schema.sql
# 指定插入数据库语句的脚本位置
spring.datasource.data=classpath:data.sql
# 配置日志打印信息
logging.level.root=INFO
logging.level.org.hibernate=INFO
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicBinder=TRACE
logging.level.org.hibernate.type.descriptor.sql.BasicExtractor=TRACE
logging.level.com.itmuch=DEBUG

三、Entity类

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package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
@Entity
public class Config {
@Id
@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
private Long id;
@Column
private String cron;
/**
* @return the id
*/
public Long getId() {
return id;
}
……此处省略getter和setter方法……
}

四、任务类

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package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
@Configuration
@Component // 此注解必加
@EnableScheduling // 此注解必加
public class ScheduleTask {
private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(ScheduleTask.class);
public void sayHello(){
LOGGER.info("Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!");
}
}

五、Quartz配置类

由于springboot追求零xml配置，所以下面会以配置Bean的方式来实现

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package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
import org.quartz.Trigger;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.CronTriggerFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.quartz.SchedulerFactoryBean;
@Configuration
public class QuartzConfigration {
/**
* attention:
* Details：配置定时任务
*/
@Bean(name = "jobDetail")
public MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean detailFactoryBean(ScheduleTask task) {// ScheduleTask为需要执行的任务
MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean jobDetail = new MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean();
/*
* 是否并发执行
* 例如每5s执行一次任务，但是当前任务还没有执行完，就已经过了5s了，
* 如果此处为true，则下一个任务会执行，如果此处为false，则下一个任务会等待上一个任务执行完后，再开始执行
*/
jobDetail.setConcurrent(false);
jobDetail.setName("srd-chhliu");// 设置任务的名字
jobDetail.setGroup("srd");// 设置任务的分组，这些属性都可以存储在数据库中，在多任务的时候使用
/*
* 为需要执行的实体类对应的对象
*/
jobDetail.setTargetObject(task);
/*
* sayHello为需要执行的方法
* 通过这几个配置，告诉JobDetailFactoryBean我们需要执行定时执行ScheduleTask类中的sayHello方法
*/
jobDetail.setTargetMethod("sayHello");
return jobDetail;
}
/**
* attention:
* Details：配置定时任务的触发器，也就是什么时候触发执行定时任务
*/
@Bean(name = "jobTrigger")
public CronTriggerFactoryBean cronJobTrigger(MethodInvokingJobDetailFactoryBean jobDetail) {
CronTriggerFactoryBean tigger = new CronTriggerFactoryBean();
tigger.setJobDetail(jobDetail.getObject());
tigger.setCronExpression("0 30 20 * * ?");// 初始时的cron表达式
tigger.setName("srd-chhliu");// trigger的name
return tigger;
}
/**
* attention:
* Details：定义quartz调度工厂
*/
@Bean(name = "scheduler")
public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactory(Trigger cronJobTrigger) {
SchedulerFactoryBean bean = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
// 用于quartz集群,QuartzScheduler 启动时更新己存在的Job
bean.setOverwriteExistingJobs(true);
// 延时启动，应用启动1秒后
bean.setStartupDelay(1);
// 注册触发器
bean.setTriggers(cronJobTrigger);
return bean;
}
}

六、定时查库，并更新任务

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package com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.entity;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.quartz.CronScheduleBuilder;
import org.quartz.CronTrigger;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerException;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import com.chhliu.springboot.quartz.repository.ConfigRepository;
@Configuration
@EnableScheduling
@Component
public class ScheduleRefreshDatabase {
@Autowired
private ConfigRepository repository;
@Resource(name = "jobDetail")
private JobDetail jobDetail;
@Resource(name = "jobTrigger")
private CronTrigger cronTrigger;
@Resource(name = "scheduler")
private Scheduler scheduler;
@Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000) // 每隔5s查库，并根据查询结果决定是否重新设置定时任务
public void scheduleUpdateCronTrigger() throws SchedulerException {
CronTrigger trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(cronTrigger.getKey());
String currentCron = trigger.getCronExpression();// 当前Trigger使用的
String searchCron = repository.findOne(1L).getCron();// 从数据库查询出来的
System.out.println(currentCron);
System.out.println(searchCron);
if (currentCron.equals(searchCron)) {
// 如果当前使用的cron表达式和从数据库中查询出来的cron表达式一致，则不刷新任务
} else {
// 表达式调度构建器
CronScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = CronScheduleBuilder.cronSchedule(searchCron);
// 按新的cronExpression表达式重新构建trigger
trigger = (CronTrigger) scheduler.getTrigger(cronTrigger.getKey());
trigger = trigger.getTriggerBuilder().withIdentity(cronTrigger.getKey())
.withSchedule(scheduleBuilder).build();
// 按新的trigger重新设置job执行
scheduler.rescheduleJob(cronTrigger.getKey(), trigger);
currentCron = searchCron;
}
}
}

六、相关脚本

1、data.sql

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insert into config(id,cron) values(1,'0 0/2 * * * ?'); # 每2分钟执行一次定时任务

2、schema.sql

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drop table config if exists;
create table config(
id bigint generated by default as identity,
cron varchar(40),
primary key(id)
);

六、运行测试

测试结果如下：(Quartz默认的线程池大小为10)

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0 30 20 * * ?
0 0/2 * * * ?
2017-03-08 18:02:00.025 INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-1] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
2017-03-08 18:04:00.003 INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-2] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
2017-03-08 18:06:00.002 INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-3] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!
2017-03-08 18:08:00.002 INFO 5328 --- [eduler_Worker-4] c.c.s.quartz.entity.ScheduleTask : Hello world, i'm the king of the world!!!

From the above log printing time, we have implemented dynamic configuration. Initially, the task is executed at 20:30 every day, and then it is executed every 2 minutes through dynamic refresh.

Although the above solution is not perfect using the method recommended by Quartz, it can basically meet our needs. Of course, it can also be implemented by triggering events. For example, when the front end modifies the trigger time of a scheduled task, it asynchronously sends a notification to the background. , after receiving the notification in the background, and then update the program, you can also achieve dynamic timed task refresh

Springboot integrates Quartz to dynamically configure timing tasks

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