One-way function, trapdoor one-way function, irreversible function
One-way function
One-way Trapdoor Function, Trapdoor one-way function, Trapdoor function
collision - free hash function
The concept of a one-way function cannot be confused with the concept of an irreversible function in the mathematical sense, because a one-way function may be a mathematically reversible or one-to-one function, but an irreversible function is not necessarily a one-way function.
At present, no one has been able to theoretically prove the existence of one-way functions. The proof of the existence of one-way functions would mean the solution of one of the most challenging conjectures in computer science, P=NP, that is, the NP-complete problem, while the theory of NP-completeness is insufficient to prove the existence of one-way functions.
How to understand?
1、https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-way_function
2、https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trapdoor_function
3、https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trapdoor_one-way_function&redirect=no
4、The Tale of One-Way Functions,https://arxiv.org/pdf/cs/0012023v3.pdf