Linux Scheduled Task - MySQL Database Backup
1. Check system disk space
For scheduled tasks, you need to select a sufficient disk space to avoid backup failures caused by insufficient space.
| [root@localhost lyky]# df -h Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 3.9G 47G 8% / devtmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /dev/shm tmpfs 7.8G 8.5M 7.8G 1% /run tmpfs 7.8G 0 7.8G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup /dev/sda1 497M 169M 329M 34% /boot /dev/mapper/centos-home 442G 314M 442G 1% /home tmpfs 1.6G 0 1.6G 0% / run / user / 1000 |
2. Create a backup file directory
We used the command above to see that there is sufficient space under /home, so we can consider saving backup files in /home
Create directories data and shell to store scripts and backup data respectively
| [root@localhost lyky]# cd /home [root@localhost home]# mkdir backupData [root@localhost home]# cd backupData/ [root@localhost backupData]# mkdir data [root@localhost backupData]# mkdir shell |
3.创建备份shell脚本
| [root@localhost lyky]# cd /home/shell [root@localhost shell]# vi backupShell.sh |
备份文件：
| mysqldump -uusername -ppassword dbname > /home/backupData/dbname_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).sql |
备份压缩文件：
| mysqldump -uusername -ppassword dbname | gzip > /home/backupData/dbname_$(date +%Y%m%d_%H%M%S).sql.gz |
修改username，password，dbname后:wq保存退出
4.添加可执行权限
| [root@localhost lyky]# cd /home [root@localhost lyky]# chmod -R 777 backupData |
添加执行权限后，脚本试运行，看能否正常使用
| [root@localhost shell]# ./backuplms.sh |
6.添加定时任务
| [root@localhost shell]# vi /etc/crontab |
| SHELL=/bin/bash PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin MAILTO=root
# For details see man 4 crontabs
# Example of job definition: # .---------------- minute (0 - 59) # | .------------- hour (0 - 23) # | | .---------- day of month (1 - 31) # | | | .------- month (1 - 12) OR jan,feb,mar,apr ... # | | | | .---- day of week (0 - 6) (Sunday=0 or 7) OR sun,mon,tue,wed,thu,fri,sat # | | | | | # * * * * * user-name command to be executed 0 */1 * * * root /home/backupData/shell/backuplms.sh |
最后一行含义是：每小时执行一次shell脚本命令
至于命令格式，可以参照：Linux定时任务 - crontab命令格式详解
5.查看任务是否执行
| [root@localhost shell]# tail -f /var/log/cron Jan 12 08:01:01 localhost run-parts(/etc/cron.hourly)[13357]: finished 0anacron Jan 12 09:00:01 localhost CROND[13376]: (root) CMD (/backupData/shell/backuplms.sh) Jan 12 09:01:01 localhost CROND[13389]: (root) CMD (run-parts /etc/cron.hourly) Jan 12 09:01:01 localhost run-parts(/etc/cron.hourly)[13389]: starting 0anacron Jan 12 09:01:01 localhost run-parts(/etc/cron.hourly)[13398]: finished 0anacron Jan 12 09:49:01 localhost crond[732]: (*system*) RELOAD (/etc/crontab) Jan 12 10:00:01 localhost CROND[13505]: (root) CMD (/home/backupData/shell/backuplms.sh) |