MERGE INTO Instructions for Use

grammar structure:

MERGE INTO table_name alias1
USING (table|view|sub_query) alias2
ON (join condition)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
    UPDATE table_name
    SET col1 = col_val1,
           col2 = col_val2
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
    INSERT (column_list) VALUES (column_values);

example:

MERGE INTO T T1
USING (SELECT '1001' AS a,2 AS b FROM dual) T2
ON ( T1.a=T2.a)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
    UPDATE SET T1.b = T2.b
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
    INSERT (a,b) VALUES(T2.a,T2.b);

Purpose:
When it involves large table data modification + new operations, it can improve efficiency.