1. sqlplus / as sysdba;
2. Start and shut down the database
SQL>startup;
startup parameter
Without parameters, start the database instance and open the database for users to use the database, in most cases, use this way!
nomount, only starts the database instance, but does not open the database, use when you want to create a new database, or when you need it!
mount, used when renaming the database. At this point the database is open and ready to use!
SQL>shutdown
Parameters of shutdown
Normal needs to wait for all users to disconnect
Immediate waits for the user to complete the current statement
Transactional waits for the user to complete the current transaction
Abort does not do any waiting and closes the database directly
normal needs to close the database task after all connected users are disconnected, so sometimes it looks as if the command is not running! No new connections are allowed after executing this command
immediate disconnects the user after the user has finished executing the statement being executed, and does not allow new users to connect.
transactional disconnects after the current transaction is executed, and does not allow new users to connect to the database.
abort performs a forced disconnect and shuts down the database directly.
3. SQL>exit;
4. To start monitoring, enter lsnrctl start on the shell command line