Every Monday's "Zhu Rongji Economic Management Theory and Practice" series of courses enters the seventh lecture. Regarding urban management and construction, housing reform, Qiu Baoxing, counselor of the State Council and former deputy minister of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, will give a lecture. It is very grounded and gives a lot of practical examples, so that everyone can better understand.
Achieving healthy urbanization requires grasping key bottom lines, and these bottom lines are determined by decision errors that have two types of characteristics. Namely rigid errors and vicious circles. As long as these two types of "bottom-line mistakes" are not made, the healthy development of urbanization can basically be guaranteed.
1. We must adhere to the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities and small towns
1. The point of view is drawn from two examples. One is the three-generation new town in the United Kingdom, which is a sleeping city and solves 50% of the employment and job-housing balance on the spot. The second is that Hangzhou builds four advantages of tourism, residence, school, and entrepreneurship (there is no fixed place to start a business). to develop the city.
2. Yang Xiaokai's "Analysis of Ultramarginal and Marginal" mentioned that large cities focus on international trade; medium-sized cities are the engines of regional growth; small cities mainly serve the surrounding areas, and are the main base for the surrounding "three rural" services, which are large and medium-sized cities. Cities are irreplaceable.
3. At present, government funds are often invested in urban construction, and the rural population has decreased by 10% in 20 years to more than 100 million.
4. The direction of small town construction: firstly, there must be a set of management institutions for town planning; secondly, necessary infrastructure; thirdly, localized green building construction and standardized management system; fourthly, the overall arrangement of schools, kindergartens, hospitals, culture and sports and other public service facilities.
2. Complementary and coordinated development of urban and rural areas
With an urbanization rate of more than 50%, the traditional rural culture and pastoral scenery have become scarce resources. Another illusion during development
1. Illusion 1: Excessive urbanization rate expectations
(1) In a country like China, it is generally high if it reaches 65%, and it is expected to maintain the 65% level in 2030.
(2) National survey: Children's education is an important reason for farmers to enter the city, ranking in cities, children's education, urban employment, preparation for marriage, convenience of medical treatment, and property preservation.
(3) Rural areas will become an important retirement destination for the elderly, and there is an obvious trend of returning to their hometowns at the age of 50.
2. Illusion 2. Privatized land policy
(1) Historical experience, handing over land to capital has never been successful.
(2) The urbanization of a single item is inflexible. my country's urbanization is flexible. Migrant workers who return from the city can also work in agriculture.
3. Illusion 3. Blind merger of villages and towns
（1）目前的很多政策基本上是站在城市的思维处理三农问题
4、错觉四、将城乡一体化变成“一样化”
（1）十九大中废除了“一体化”，改为“城乡融合”
5、错觉五、农业现代化必然要土地规模经营
（1）千家万户的小农 的现代化，服务型农业经济，农产品的地理商标
6、错觉六：土地财政是万恶之源
（1）《田园城市》土地财政用于公用设施
三、紧凑式的发展模式
1、紧凑式，蔓延模式
紧凑式空间
（1）严格控制单一功能区，复合型区
2、防止工业区和独立园区建设用地粗放
（1）上海 1966计划，9个卫星城，
3、纠正小产权问题
4、防止私家车引导式基础设施过度建设
四、防止空城
空城形成原因有三个：
之一，政治冲动；
之二， 土地财政下，政府不能破产；
之三，错误的城市化率预期；
五、自然环境与文化遗产
六、防止房地产崩溃
1、房地产崩盘的后果，消费全面萎缩、金融机构破产、大量公司破产；
2、中国的人均住房面积与世界其他国家相比差不多，35~40；
3、城市金融资产分布两级分化，北上广深占到全国的50%；
金融衍生品和明斯基时刻，其中明斯基时刻表示的是市场繁荣与衰退之间的转折点。