Reference: Generally, it is a network query, but you need to pay attention to the version downloaded on the MySQL official website. It is best to be accurate to the version when you google it, because the installation methods of different versions may be different, and these "differences" will cause some "pits" "! The version of this article is the latest version: mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz . Therefore , when you google on the Internet, look for the installation information of version 5.7.21 , and don't use any article for reference!
Build a virtual machine first and then play: https://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2017-04/143102.htm (The desktop version of the virtual machine image is best to use less pits...)
The installation process is similar, but the differences in the Linux environment will cause you to encounter various unexpected problems. The following is only for my installation process this time.
1. Create a directory to store and upload the mysql installation tar package
cd / home
root@ubuntu:/home# mkdir security
chmod 777 /home/security/
2. Use the WinSCP tool to upload the mysql installation tar package to the /home/security directory
3. Decompress the tar package and rename the decompressed directory to mysql
tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
Move to the /usr/local directory:
mv mysql /usr/local
4. Check whether mysql has been installed in the Linux system before . If installed, you need to change the port number or stop the previous service and delete the relevant directory
ps -ef | grep mysql
5. Create a user group mysql , create a user mysql and add it to the user group mysql , and give read and write permissions
groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql
chown -R mysql mysql/
chgrp -R mysql mysql/
6. First check if the dependent package libaio is installed
rpm –qa | grep libaio1
If not, you need to install it by apt-get install libaio1 libaio-dev
Note: This step may also not have the rpm command, and perform the following steps ( it will take a long time ) :
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get install <packagename>
( ap-get is a software installation method under ubuntu , it is based on debain
yum is a software installation method under redhat and centos . It is based on Linux . It is best to find out your Linux system version first : cat /proc/version ）
7. Create a configuration file, save and exit.
vim /etc/my.cnf
[client]
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port = 3306
character_set_server=utf8
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log
pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
#Case insensitive
lower_case_table_names = 1
sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
max_connections=5000
skip-grant-tables
default-time_zone = '+8:00'
Note: 3306 is the default port. If the mysql service has been installed before , the ports of client and mysqld need to be changed to other ports such as 3307 , otherwise the initialization will fail.
8. Initialize the database (a more critical step)
#Manually edit the log file (used to record the initial password and startup log), don't write anything, just save and exit
cd / var / log /
vim mysqld.log
：wq
chmod 777 mysqld.log
chown mysql:mysql mysqld.log
初始化命令：/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --lc_messages_dir=/usr/local/mysql/share --lc_messages=en_US
9. View the initial password
cat /var/log/mysqld.log |grep 'root@localhost'
如：2018-03-28T12:50:49.180634Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: xj7fWyj(NU!u
10. Start the mysql service
cd / var / run /
mkdir mysqld
chmod 777 mysqld
cd mysqld
vim mysqld.pid
chmod 777 mysqld.pid
chown mysql:mysql mysqld.pid
/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot –p' xj7fWyj(NU!u' (replace with the initial password in step 9 )
Note: There is no space between -p and the password, this is a pit! There are lots of blanks on the internet .
can be seen:
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.21 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
11. Modify the initial password of the root user
Since the above password is too complicated, modify the password defined by yourself. Note that the sql statement of version 5.7.21 is:
mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -A
Database changed
mysql> update user set authentication_string=PASSWORD('123456') where User='root';
Query OK, 1 row affected, 1 warning (0.05 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 1
12. Set boot auto-start
cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
Note: The chkconfig command may not be available here. . this way:
apt-get install sysv-rc-conf
cp /usr/sbin/sysv-rc-conf /usr/sbin/chkconfig
chkconfig mysqld on
Afterwards check:
chkconfig –list can discover mysql services:
mysqld 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on
The description was successful.
13. Check whether the mysql service is installed successfully:
ps -ef | grep mysql
Discover:
root 29429 1 0 05:55 pts/17 00:00:00 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
mysql29707294290 05:55 pts/1700:00:01 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log --pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root 29776 13540 0 05:56 pts/17 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -px xxxxxxxxxx
root 30907 28335 0 06:10 pts/19 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mysql
And whether port 3306 is successfully opened and occupied by MySQL :
lsof -i:3306
result:
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld 29707 mysql 19u IPv6 293124 0t0 TCP *:mysql (LISTEN)
Next, you can try it with the navicat connection tool! (Currently only the root user, the process of creating other accounts is omitted)