3. Text editor vim
The earlier version was called vi
Create, edit, display files
no menus, only commands
3.1. Common operations of vim
vim install
yum install vim
vim working mode:
Can not upload pictures, you can refer to here, quite detailed:
http://www.runoob.com/linux/linux-vim.html
Create a new file:
vim test.log
In edit mode:
set line number set nu
cancel line number set nonu
Insert command:
| Order |
effect |
| a |
Insert after the character under the cursor |
| A |
Insert at the end of the line where the cursor is |
| i |
Insert before the character under the cursor |
| I |
Insert at the beginning of the line where the cursor is located |
| O |
Insert a new line under the cursor |
| O |
Insert a new line at the cursor |
Positioning command:
| Order |
effect |
| : set no |
set line number |
| :set nonu |
cancel line number |
| gg |
to the first place |
| G |
to the last line |
| nG |
to the nth line |
| :n |
to the nth line |
| $ |
move to end of line |
| 0 |
move to beginning of line |
delete command:
| Order |
effect |
| x |
delete the character at the cursor |
| nx |
delete n characters after the cursor |
| dd |
delete the line where the cursor is located |
| ndd |
Delete the line where the cursor is located and delete n lines after it |
| dG |
Delete the line where the cursor is located to the end of the file |
| D |
Delete the content from the cursor to the end of the line |
| :n1,d2d |
Delete the specified range of rows, for example: delete rows 10 to 23 : 10,12d |
Copy and Cut Commands:
| Order |
effect |
| yy |
copy current line |
| nyy |
Copy n lines below the current line |
| dd |
cut current line |
| ndd |
Cut the current following n lines |
| lowercase p |
Paste under the current cursor line |
| capital P |
Paste on the current cursor line |
Replace and cancel commands:
| Order |
effect |
| r |
Replace the character where the cursor is, press ESC to end |
| R |
Replace characters starting at the cursor position, press ESC to end |
| u |
Cancel the previous operation |
Search and search replace commands:
| Order |
effect |
| /string |
Search for a specified string |
| set ic |
Ignore case when searching |
| set noic |
Case sensitivity when searching |
| n |
Specifies the next occurrence of a string when searching is a search item, similar to the next of less |
| :%s/old/new/g |
Replace the specified string in full text |
| :n1,n2s/old/new/g |
Replace a specified string within a range |
Save and exit commands:
| Order |
effect |
| :w |
Save changes |
| :w new_filename |
Do not save as specified file |
| :wq |
save changes and exit |
| ZZ |
Shortcut, save changes and exit |
| :q! |
Exit without saving changes |
| :wq! |
Save changes and exit ( only available to file owner and root ) |
3.2.Vim usage skills
Import command execution result: r ! command
For example import file content:
:r /tmp/test.txt
View the command execution result
:!which ls
Import command execution result:
:r !which ls
Define shortcut key syntax:
:map shortcut key trigger command
For example: the shortcut key plan is defined as Ctrl+p
It is as follows:
:map Ctrl+v+p I#<ESC>
I# means to start the first line, insert a # sign before the cursor
<ESC> means return to command mode
~
~
:map ^P I#<ESC>
Consecutive line comments:
从某行到某行注释，实际上做的是之前的替换命令，将行首替换为#号。
:n1,n2s/^/#/g
去年注释：将行首的#号替换为空，注意行首表达式符号^
:n1,n2s/^#//g
自动替换：
:ab myblog wlcacc.iteye.com
当你输入myblog然后空格或者回车时，会自动替换博客地址
以上快捷键都是临时的，服务器重启就丢失了，如何持久化呢？
需要把快捷键保存到他的家目录的配置文件中。
root:/root/.vimrc
普通用户test：/home/test/.vimrc
只能放编辑模式的命令
set nu