The Domain Name System (DNS) is one of the industry standard suites of protocols that includes TCP/IP. DNS clients and DNS servers work together to provide computer name-to-IP address mapping name resolution services for computers and users.
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In addition to this topic, the following DNS content is available.
In Windows Server 2016, DNS is a server role that you can install using Server Manager or Windows PowerShell commands. If you are installing a new Active Directory forest and domain, DNS is automatically installed with Active Directory as the global catalog server for the forest and domain.
Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) uses DNS as its domain controller location mechanism. When performing any major Active Directory operation, such as authentication, update, or search, computers use DNS to locate Active Directory domain controllers. Additionally, domain controllers use DNS to locate each other.
The DNS Client service is included in all client and server editions of the Windows operating system and runs by default when the operating system is installed. When you configure a TCP/IP network connection with the IP address of a DNS server, the DNS client queries the DNS server to discover domain controllers and resolve computer names to IP addresses. For example, when a network user with an Active Directory user account logs on to an Active Directory domain, the DNS Client service queries the DNS server to locate the Active Directory domain's domain controller. When the DNS server responds to the query and provides the domain controller's IP address to the client, the client contacts the domain controller and begins the authentication process.
The Windows Server 2016 DNS Server and DNS Client services use the DNS protocol included in the TCP/IP protocol suite. DNS is part of the application layer of the TCP/IP reference model, as shown in the following figure.
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