def test1(b): # The variable b must be a local variable, depending on who it points to? mutable or immutable b += b # += is to directly modify the space pointed to by b, instead of letting b point to a new one # b = b+b # xx = xx+yyy First calculate the result on the right side of the = sign, and then let b point to this new place, no matter who the original b points to # Now b must point to this new place # a = [11, 22] a = 100 test1(a) print(a) # Function parameters in Python are passed by reference (note that it is not passed by value) # For immutable types, the dependent variable cannot be modified, so the operation does not affect the variable itself # For variable types, the operation in the function body may change the incoming parameter variable