Brother Bird's linxu private kitchen blog directory

This article will record my linux learning process in detail, thanks to "Brother Bird's Linux Private Kitchen (Third Edition)".

Brother Bird's Linux Private Kitchen Study Notes "One" Operating System Basics
1. Overclocking
2. South Bridge and North Bridge
3. Device Mount Name
4. Disk Composition
5. Boot Sequence

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "two" command help
1. Switching between X Windows and command line mode
2. Points to note when executing commands
3. Language support under the command line
4. Important hotkeys
5. Numbers in the man page Meaning
6. Common keys in
man page 7. Instructions for man page
8. Instructions for info page

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "three" restart and shutdown
1. Correct shutdown method
2. Save the configuration changes loaded into the memory to the hard disk
3. Shutdown can achieve the following work:
4. The shutdown command parameters are explained in detail
5. The difference between reboot, halt, poweroff
6. Switch execution level: init

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "four" forgot root password
1. Reboot into single-user mode

Brother Bird's Linux Private Kitchen Study Notes "V" File Permissions and Directory Configuration
1. Language Configuration File
2. /etc/shadow
3. File Attributes and Permission Commands
4. The Importance of Permissions to Files
5. The Importance of Permissions to Directories
6. x permissions of directories
7. linux file attributes
8. FHS
9. definition of directories
10. meaning and content of /usr
11. meaning and content of /var
12. directory tree
13. path
14. CentOS view

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "six" file and directory management
1. ., .., ~
2. cd switch directories
3. pwd display the current directory
4. mkdir: create a new directory
5. rmdir: delete empty directories
6. ls: view files and directories
7. cp: copy
8. rm: delete
9. mv: move
10. basename, dirname: get file and directory names
11. touch: modify file time or create a file

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Seven" file content review
1. cat: start to display the file content from the first line
2. tac: start to display from the last line, you can see the reverse form of tac and cat
3. nl: When displaying, output the line number by the way
4. more: display the contents of the file page by page
5. less: similar to more, thirty is better than more, it can turn pages forward
6. head: it is a watch A few lines
7. tail: only look at the end lines
8. od: read the file content in binary

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "eight" environment variable $PATH
1. View PATH
2. Modify and add PATH

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Nine" default, hidden, special permissions
1. Overview
2. File default permissions: umask
3. chattr: set file hidden attributes
4. lsattr: show file hidden attributes
5. Special permissions: SUID, SGID, DBIT
6. Permission setting

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Ten" command and file query
1. file: view file type2
. which: script file name
query3. whereis: file name search4
. locate: file name search5.
find : find filename

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Eleven" Disk and file system (block and inode)
1. The main components of the disk are
2. The main partition and the extended partition
3. Super block, inode, block
4. The planning of inode and block
5. boot sector
6. data block) data block
7. inodetable (inode table)
8. super block (super block)
9. block bitmap (block comparison table), inode bitmap (inode comparison table)
10. dumpe2fs query

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Twelve" relationship between the file system and the directory tree
1. Check the inode number
2. Check the size of the block
3. The reading process of the /etc/passwd file
4. Add a new file, at this time Behavior of file system
5. Operation of linux file system
6. The meaning of mount point
7. Other linux supported file systems and VFS

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Thirteen" simple operation of the file system
1. df: list the overall disk usage of the
file system 2. du: evaluate the disk usage of the file system
3. ln: connect files

Brother Bird's Linux Private Kitchen Study Notes "Fourteen" Disk Mounting, Uninstalling and Parameter Modification
1. fdisk: Disk Partition
2. Delete Disk Partition: 3.
Add Disk Partition Inspection: fsck and badblocks

Brother Bird's Linux Private Kitchen Study Notes "Fifteen" Disk Mounting, Unmounting and Parameter Modification
1. Preparation before mounting
2. mount
3. Mount ext2/ext3 file system4 .
Mount CD or DVD disc 6. Mount U disk
7. Remount root directory and mount unspecified directory 8. umount (unmount device files)

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Sixteen" disk parameter modification
1. mknod: modify the primary/secondary device number
2. e2lable: modify the volume label
3. tune2fs: modify the Lable and file system
4. hdparm: advanced settings

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Seventeen" set boot mount
1. Boot mount /etc/fstab and /etc/mtab
2. Special device loop mount (the mirror file is mounted and used without burning)
3. New Large files to make loop
device files partition behavior

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Eighteen" vim use
1. vim course
2. vim detailed tutorial

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Nineteen" Compression, backup, restoration and burning
1. gzip, zcat
2. bzip2, bzcat
3. tar: packaging and compression
4. The method of unpacking only a single file:
5. Pack a 6. Backup files
newer than a certain moment
7. Use piped commands and data streams
8. dump: full backup tool 9.
restore: restore backup
CD writing tool
11. cdrecord: CD recording tool
12. dd
13. cpio

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Twenty" Introduction to bash
1. The function of the shell
2. /etc/shells
3. /etc/passwd
4. The function of the
shell 7. Setting variables 8. Rules for variables 9. local: The language that affects the displayed results 10. Keyboard reading variables, arrays, declarations 11. ulimit: File system and program limits 12. alias/unalias: Set/unalias command aliases 13. history: command history

Brother Bird's Linux Private Kitchen Study Notes "Twenty-One" Variables and Environment Variables Detailed Explanation
1. Display Variables
2. Set Variables
3. Variable Rules 4. env: View
environment variables and common environment variables description
(Contains environment variables and custom variables)
6. PS1: (prompt setting)
7. Deletion and replacement of variable content

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Twenty-two" bash shell operating environment
1. Command execution is in sequence
2. bash login and welcome information
3. bash environment configuration file
4. source: read in the environment configuration file
5 .stty: Terminal settings

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Twenty-three" wildcards, redirection, pipes, etc. bash usage 1. Wildcards
:
2. Redirection3
. tee: two-way redirection Selection command 6. grep: selection command 7. sort, uniq, wc: sorting command 8. Character conversion 9. split: cutting command 10. xargs: parameter substitution

Brother Bird's Linux Private Kitchen Study Notes "Twenty-Four" Regular Expressions
1. Overview
2. Special symbols
3. grep
4. Preparation before use
5. Find specific strings
10. Basic regular expression characters
11. Usage of sed 13. Extended Regular
Expressions 14.
Formatted Printing patch 20.pr: file printing

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Twenty-five" account management
1. Overview
2. View a specific user password file
3. After entering an account, the system process
4. Two files
5. /etc/passwd field detailed
6. / etc/shadow field detailed
7. /etc/group field detailed
8. Valid user group and initial user group
9. etc/gshadow field detailed
10. useradd: new user
11. useradd reference file
12. passwd: set password
13. chage : Display detailed password parameters
14. usermod: Modify user account
15. userdel: Delete user
16. finger: View user-related information
17. chfn: Modify user details
18. chsh: Modify shell
19. id : View user ID information
20. groupadd: Create a new user group
21. groupmod: Delete a user group
22. groupdel: Delete a user group
23. gpasswd: User group management member function
24. Account management exercises

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Twenty-six" ACL permission management
1. Concept
2. Check whether the file system supports ACL
3. setfacl: set the ACL regulations
of a file/directory 4. getfacl: get a file/directory
5. Exercise
6. Want to inherit ACL permissions 7.
Want ACL attributes to disappear

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Twenty Seven" user identity switching
1. su
2. sudo
3. The execution of sudo is as follows:
4. Use user groups and password-free functions to process visudo
5. No password is required Can use sudo"
6. Restricted command operations
7. Setting visudo via alias

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Twenty-eight" PAM module
1. Introduction
2. Grammar
3. Common modules
4. Login's PAM verification mechanism process
5. Other related documents

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Twenty-nine" user information transmission
1. User query: w, who, last, lastlog
2. User dialogue: write, mesg, wall
3. User mailbox

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Thirty" to manually add users
1. Check tools: pwck, pwconv, pwunconv, chpasswd
2. Manual creation of special accounts
3. Example of batch creation of accounts (applicable to digital student numbers)
4 . Scenario

Brother Bird's Linux Private Kitchen Study Notes "Thirty-One" Disk Quota
1. Introduction
2. The old version of quata can be converted through the program convertquota
3. The setup process for dealing with quota
4. Using scripts to create a new experimental quota environment
5. Practice Quota Process 1: File System
Support6. Practice Quota Process 2: Create a Quota Configuration File
7. Practice Quota Process 3: Quota Start, Shutdown, Limit Value Setting
8. Practice Quota Process 4: Report Quota Limit Values9.
Practice Quota Process 5 : Testing and Management
10. Quota instance that does not change the existing system

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Thirty-two" RAID software disk array
1. Introduction
2. The advantages of disk arrays
3. mdadm: floppy disk array settings
4. mdadm: create RAID
5. Rescue mode to simulate RAID errors

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Thirty-three" logical volume management
1. Introduction
2. Explanation of terms
3. Implementation process
4. LVM implementation process
5. Enlarge LV capacity
6. Reduce LV capacity
7. LVM system snapshot
8 . LVM related command compilation and LVM shutdown

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Thirty-Four" to build LVM on RAID
1. Scenario setting
2. Step
3. Format the system
4. Create a new RAID
5. Start processing LVM
6. Create a new ext4 file system and mount it to /
7. Delete the environment and stop the service on mnt/raidlvm

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Thirty-five" routine work
1. at
2. crontab
3. common routine work
4. atd startup and at operation method
5. at workflow
6. at :
Commands that end the scheduling after only
one
execution Task 12. Execution flow of anacron 13. Highlights

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Thirty-six" program and process management

1. Program management

Introduction
fork and exec: the flow of program calls
Introduction to Work Management
&: background execution
Pause the current work in the background: Ctrl+Z
jobs: View the current job status of the day after tomorrow
fg: Bring the background work to the foreground for processing
bg: make a job run in the background
kill: manage the work in the background
Offline management issues

2. Process management

ps: remove the program operation at a certain point in time
What are the data displayed by ps -l:
In the items displayed by ps aux, the meaning of each field is
top: Dynamically view process changes
pstree: tree view process dependencies
Introduction to Process Management
kill -signal PID
killall -signal command name
Execution order of processes
nice: the newly executed instruction is given a new nice value
renice: nice readjustment of an existing program
free: View memory usage
uname: View system and core related information
uptime: observe system startup time and workload
dmesg : information generated by the analysis core
vmstat : Detect system resource changes

3. Special file program

Instruction execution status with SUID/SGID authority
The meaning of /proc/*
fuser: find out which program is using the file by file (or file system)
lsof: List the filenames of files opened by the program
pidof: find out the PID of a running program

Brother Bird's linux private kitchen study notes "Thirty-seven" demons and services
1. What are demons and services
2. The main categories of daemons
3. /etc/services: the correspondence between services and ports
4. Deamon's startup script and startup method
5. Parse the configuration file of super deamon, xinetd.conf
6. rsync settings, internal and external network mapping
7. Firewall management of services, /etc/hosts.{allow | deny}
8. View system startup services
9. Boot process of linux host
10. chkconfig: Manage system services to start by default or not
11. ntsysv: Graphical interface-like management mode
13. Services to be started by default