JSP，Velocity，Freemarker，Thymeleaf...
The template engine recommended by Spring Boot: Thymeleaf .
2. Introduce Thymeleaf dependencies
<!-- Modify the default version of Spring Boot -->
<thymeleaf.version>3.0.9.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
<!-- A support program for the layout function
thymeleaf3 corresponds to layout2 version
thymeleaf2 corresponds to layout1 version
-->
<thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>2.2.2</thymeleaf-layout-dialect.version>
<!-- thymeleaf template engine-->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
</dependency>
3. The use & syntax of Thymeleaf
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.thymeleaf")
public class ThymeleafProperties {
//default encoding
private static final Charset DEFAULT_ENCODING = Charset.forName("UTF-8");
//document type
private static final MimeType DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE = MimeType.valueOf("text/html");
// template location
public static final String DEFAULT_PREFIX = "classpath:/templates/";
// template suffix
public static final String DEFAULT_SUFFIX = ".html";
private boolean checkTemplate = true;
private boolean checkTemplateLocation = true;
private String prefix = DEFAULT_PREFIX;
private String suffix = DEFAULT_SUFFIX;
private String mode = "HTML5";
private Charset encoding = DEFAULT_ENCODING;
private MimeType contentType = DEFAULT_CONTENT_TYPE;
//cache
private boolean cache = true;
private Integer templateResolverOrder;
private String[] viewNames;
private String[] excludedViewNames;
private boolean enabled = true;
//other code...
}
As long as the template html is placed in the classpath:/templates/ directory, thymeleaf will automatically render it.
4. Use Thymeleaf:
(1), import the namespace of thymeleaf:
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"></html>
(2), thymeleaf syntax:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<div th:text="${hello}">Here is the original text! </div>
</body>
</html>
th : any html attribute : used to replace the value of the native html attribute, for example, id is replaced by th:id, class is replaced by th:class, etc.
Simple expressions: (expression syntax)
Variable Expressions: ${...}: Get variable value, OGNL expression
1), get the properties of the object, call the method
2), use the built-in basic objects
#ctx : the context object.
#vars: the context variables.
#locale : the context locale.
#request : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletRequest object.
#response : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpServletResponse object.
#session : (only in Web Contexts) the HttpSession object.
#servletContext : (only in Web Contexts) the ServletContext object.
3), built-in tool objects
#execInfo : information about the template being processed.
#messages : methods for obtaining externalized messages inside variables expressions, in the same way as they
would be obtained using #{…} syntax.
#uris : methods for escaping parts of URLs/URIs
#conversions : methods for executing the configured conversion service (if any).
#dates : methods for java.util.Date objects: formatting, component extraction, etc.
#calendars : analogous to #dates , but for java.util.Calendar objects.
#numbers : methods for formatting numeric objects.
#strings : methods for String objects: contains, startsWith, prepending/appending, etc.
#objects : methods for objects in general.
#bools : methods for boolean evaluation.
#arrays : methods for arrays.
#lists : methods for lists.
#sets : methods for sets.
#maps : methods for maps.
#aggregates : methods for creating aggregates on arrays or collections.
#ids : methods for dealing with id attributes that might be repeated (for example, as a result of an iteration)
Selection Variable Expressions: *{...}: Selection expressions, similar to ${}
Supplementary function: use with th:object
<div th:object="${session.user}">
<p>Name: <span th:text="*{firstName}">Sebastian</span>.</p>
<p>Surname: <span th:text="*{lastName}">Pepper</span>.</p>
<p>Nationality: <span th:text="*{nationality}">Saturn</span>.</p>
</div>
Message Expressions: #{...}: Get internationalized content
Link URL Expressions: @{...}: defines the URL link
例子：@{/order/process(execId=${execId},execType='FAST')}
Fragment Expressions: ~{...}: Fragment reference expressions
Literals:
Text literals: 'one text' , 'Another one!' ,…
Number literals: 0 , 34 , 3.0 , 12.3 ,…
Boolean literals: true , false
Null literal: null
Literal tokens: one , sometext , main ,…
Text operations:
String concatenation: +
Literal substitutions: |The name is ${name}|
Arithmetic operations:
Binary operators: + , - , * , / , %
Minus sign (unary operator): -
Boolean operations:
Binary operators: and , or
Boolean negation (unary operator): ! , not
Comparisons and equality:
Comparators: > , < , >= , <= ( gt , lt , ge , le )
Equality operators: == , != ( eq , ne )
Conditional operators:
If-then: (if) ? (then)
If-then-else: (if) ? (then) : (else)
Default: (value) ?: (defaultvalue)
Special tokens:
No-Operation: _
iii ), thymeleaf public page element extraction:
<div th:fragment="copy">
© All rights reserved
</div>
2), the introduction of public fragments
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
~{templatename::#selectorId}
means: templatename::#selectorid
code segment
<div id="copy-section">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
insert
<div th:insert="~{footer :: #copy-section}"></div>
~{templatename::fragmentname} means: templatename::fragmentname
code segment
<div th:fragment="copy">
© 2011 The Good Thymes Virtual Grocery
</div>
insert
<div th:insert="~{footer :: copy}"></div>
3), the default effect: the insert function fragment will be inserted into the div tag.
If you use attributes such as th:insert to import, you can write templatename::#selectorId/fragmentname directly without writing ~{}.
But if it is written inline, you must add ~{}, such as [[~{}]].
th :insert : inserts the entire public fragment into the element introduced by the declaration
th :replace : replace the element introduced by the declaration with a common fragment
th :include : include the content of the imported fragment into the imported element
code segment
<footer th:fragment="copy">
© All rights reserved
</footer>
introduction method
<div th:insert="~{footer::copy}"></div>
<div th:replace="~{footer::copy}"></div>
<div th:include="~{footer::copy}"></div>
actual effect:
th:insert effect
<div>
<footer>
© All rights reserved
</footer>
</div>
th:replace effect
<footer>
© All rights reserved
</footer>
th:include effect
<div>
© All rights reserved
</div>
(4) When introducing a code fragment, you can use the method of passing parameters, so that the passed parameters can be used in the code fragment.
<div th:fragment="frag">
...
</div>
<div th:replace="::frag (onevar=${value1},twovar=${value2})">
or
<div th:fragment="frag (onevar,twovar)">
<p th:text="${onevar} + ' - ' + ${twovar}">...</p>
</div>
<div th:replace="::frag (${value1},${value2})">...</div>
Order doesn't matter when using named parameters
<div th:replace="::frag (onevar=${value1},twovar=${value2})">...</div>
<div th:replace="::frag (twovar=${value2},onevar=${value1})">...</div>
For example, the following code snippet is defined in templates/commons/bar.html
<nav id="sidebar">
<a class="nav-link" th:class="${activeUrl == 'main' ? 'nav-link active' : 'nav-link'}" ...>
...
</a>
</nav>
When introducing this code fragment, you can use the method of passing parameters.
<div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUrl='main')">...</div> or <div th:replace="commons/bar::#sidebar(activeUrl='emps')">...</div>
As for other Thymeleaf grammars, please refer to the Thymeleaf official website : http://www.thymeleaf.org.
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