1. date View and modify the system time and date
date：
-d
Display the time described by the string
-f
Display the time of each row in the DATEFILE file
-r
Displays the last modification time of a file
-R
Display time in RFC-2822 compatible date format
-rfc-2822
Display time in RFC-2822 compatible date format
-s
set time as string
-u
Display or set to Coordinated Universal Time time format
Use the -d parameter
current time
# date -d now
Thu Nov 14 22:52:45 PST 2013
time of next month
# date -d 'next monday'
Mon Nov 18 00:00:00 PST 2013
Yesterday's time and formatted display
# date -d yesterday +%Y%m%d
20131113
Displays when the file was last modified
# date -r install.log
Fri Sep 6 11:31:15 PDT 2013
Displays the current time formatted as year-month-day hour:minute:second
date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
2、grep
Filter blank and commented lines
grep -v # /etc/swift/object-server.conf |grep -v "^$"
egrep -v "#|^$" filename
Website PV Statistics
Website PV, that is, Page view, website page hits
Count the number of hits on the /home/index page on the day
grep `date +%d/%b/%Y` access.log | grep "/home/index.html" -c
3 、 vi
Append file contents to other files under vi
:1,129 w! >>nginx.conf.bak
4、ps
Troubleshooting processes with high memory usage
ps to | head -1;ps aux|grep -v PID|sort -rn -k +4|head
5、find
Find files by directory depth
find . -name "*.log*" -maxdepth 2 -mtime +15 -exec ls -l {} \;
declare：
-maxdepth directory depth
-atime -n[+n]: Find files with file access times within [outside] n days.
-ctime -n[+n]: Find files whose file change time is within [outside] of n days.
-mtime -n[+n]: Find files with modified data time within [outside] n days.
-amin -n[+n]: Find files with file access times within [outside] n minutes.
-cmin -n[+n]: Find files whose change time is within [outside] n minutes.
-mmin -n[+n]: Find files with modified data within [outside] n minutes.
Exclude directories from looking for files
find . -path "./20161218" -prune -o -name "*.log*" -print
declare：
-path pathname -prune: avoid the specified subdirectory pathname search
-o or
-a and
-not instead
6. Process
Let the process go to the background:
Ctrl + z
Bring the process to the foreground:
fg
7. Generate random hexadecimal numbers, where n is the number of characters:
openssl rand -hex n
8. Get the md5 hash of the text:
echo -n "text" | md5sum
9. Compression and decompression
zip:
Compress the contents of the current directory to xxx.zip
zip -r xxx.zip ./*
Delete the xxx.txt file in the compressed file
zip -d xxx.zip xxx.txt
Add the xxx.txt file to the compressed file
zip -m xxx.zip ./xxx.txt
Compress multiple files and directories at the same time
zip -r xxx.zip file1 file2 file3 /home/xxx/xxxx
unzip：
Unzip to the specified directory
unzip -d /home/xxxx xxx.zip
Unzip all txt files to the specified directory
unzip xxx.zip *.txt -d /home/xxxx
Remove source files after finding out file compression
find -mtime +3 -name "file*"| xargs zip -rm log.zip
View the files in the compressed package
unzip-v
10、sed
sed -s 's/^M//g' file delete the spaces in the windows format in the file
sed '2,5d' file display file file, remove 2-5 lines
sed '/10[1-4]/d' file shows the lines containing 101-104 are removed
sed '/^ *$/d file delete empty lines in file
sed -n '/10[1-4]/p' file only shows the lines containing 101-104 in the file file
sed 's/moding/moden/g' file replaces moding with moden
sed -n 's/^west/north/p' file replace the line starting with west with north and display it
sed 's/...$//' file delete the last three characters of each line
sed 's/^...//' file delete the first three characters of each line
sed 's#moding#moden#g' file replaces moding with moden, the # after s represents the delimiter between the search string and the replacement string
sed'/101/,/105/s/$/ 20050119/' file will add "20050119" to the end of the line from the matching line of 101 to the end of the matching line of 105
sed -e '/^#/!d' file show lines starting with #
sed -e 's/:/ /g' passwd replace all colons in the file with spaces
-e does not change the source file, output to standard output
-i change source file
Delete the character ^M (ctrl-v) of the windows file under linux
:%s/^M$//g # remove the ^M at the end of the line
:%s/^M//g # remove all ^M
:%s/^M/\r/g # Replace ^M with carriage return
# sed -e ‘s/^M/\n/g’filename
Remove the colon from vi
but 's/'g`
Change the enabled parameter in the file from 1 to 0
# sed -i '/enabled/s/1/0/' Iso.repo
11. Delete files with .log suffix
for i in `find -type d | grep ./`;do rm $i/*.log;done
12. Batch modify file suffix
rename .tar.gz zip *.tar.gz
13. swift daily commands
/etc/swift> sudo swift-ring-builder account.builder create 18 3 1
/etc/swift> sudo swift-ring-builder container.builder create 18 3 1
/etc/swift> sudo swift-ring-builder object.builder create 18 3 1
/etc/swift> export ZONE=1
/etc/swift> export STORAGE_LOCAL_NET_IP=192.168.1.101
/etc/swift> export WEIGHT=100
/etc/swift> export DEVICE=sdb1
Add to
/etc/swift> sudo swift-ring-builder account.builder add z$ZONE-$STORAGE_LOCAL_NET_IP:6002/$DEVICE $WEIGHT
/etc/swift> sudo swift-ring-builder container.builder add z$ZONE-$STORAGE_LOCAL_NET_IP:6001/$DEVICE $WEIGHT
/etc/swift> sudo swift-ring-builder object.builder add z$ZONE-$STORAGE_LOCAL_NET_IP:6000/$DEVICE $WEIGHT
delete
/etc/swift> sudo swift-ring-builder account.builder remove z$ZONE-$STORAGE_LOCAL_NET_IP:6002/$DEVICE $WEIGHT
/etc/swift> sudo swift-ring-builder account.builder remove z1-192.168.1.101:6020
/etc/swift> sudo swift-ring-builder account.builder rebalance
/etc/swift> sudo swift-init proxy start
# vgdisplay
# lvcreate -n swiftlv -L 10G vg0
# mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/vg0-swiftlv
# vi /etc/fstab
/dev/mapper/vg0-swiftlv /srv/node/sdb1 xfs noatime, nodiratime, nobarrier, logbufs = 8 0 0
# service rsyncd start
rsync rsync://[email protected]
/etc/swift> sudo swift-init all start
curl -k -v -H'X-Storage-User: system:root' -H 'X-Storage-Pass: testpass' https://192.168.1.100:8080/auth/v1.0
swift -Ahttp://192.168.1.100:8090/auth/v1.0 -U system:root -K testpass stat
swift -Ahttp://192.168.1.100:8090/auth/v1.0 -U system:root -K testpass post container1
swift -Ahttp://192.168.1.100:8090/auth/v1.0 -U system:root -K testpass upload container1 /etc/swift/*.ring.gz
swift -Ahttp://192.168.1.100:8090/auth/v1.0 -U system:root -K testpass list
After synchronizing all nodes, make sure that the /etc/swift directory is accessible to the admin (admin) and that all ring .gz files have the correct owner.