python string formatting

#string 
#Old-fashioned string formatting%, in order for example: 
# s="i am %s ，age %d"%('alex',18) 
# print(s) 



#plus sign means right alignment, minus sign The sign indicates left alignment. If it is 0, it must be a number, that is, %04d 
# s="i am %(n1)+10s,age %(n2)+10d"%{"n1":'alex','n2' :18} 
# print(s) 

#Retain decimals as in C language%.nd,n is 1,2,3,4,5 

#New-style string formatting 

  #format method 
tp="i am {},age { },{}".format('sever','18','alex') 
tp="i am {name},age {age},{naem}".format(name='sever',age=18 ) 


Reference blog 
https://www.cnblogs.com/wupeiqi/articles/5484747.html 



__file__ 
os: os.path.join os.path.dirname 

__name__ 

built-in functions are in __builtins__