This article mainly talks about nginx installation and the problems encountered during the installation process.
Talking about nginx must talk about its origin and development.
Nginx is a free and open source web server software developed by Russian engineer Igor Sysoev. It was released in 2004 and gathers a series of advantages such as light weight, high concurrency, high performance and low consumption. Nginx is currently the second most popular web server software on the Internet after Apache.
Next, we start to install nginx. We will build on centos7 as the basic environment. Our installation method: 1. yum installation 2. source code installation.
1. yum installation
1 yum install nginx
If you don't have a yum source, you need to configure the yum source:
1 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/nginx.repo
Fill in the following content in nginx.repo:
1 [nginx] 2 name=nginx repo 3 baseurl=http://nginx.org/packages/centos/7/x86_64/ 4 gpgcheck=0 5 enabled=1
Then we clear the cache of yum and install it
yum clean all yum makecahe yum install nginx
In this way, we have successfully installed nginx. Next, we will talk about source code installation, which can be customized.
Second, the source code installation
First we need to download the source package:
Source package download address: http://nginx.org/en/download.html, we choose the stable version of the package to download
Then we unzip and install:
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz tar -xzvf nginx-1.14.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.14.0
Create nginx user and user group
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
Some general configuration options we need before proceeding with the installation:
--prefix=<path> The root path of the nginx installation, all other installation paths depend on this option --sbin-path=<path> Specifies the path to the nginx binary. If not specified, the path will depend on the --prefix option --conf-path=<path> If no configuration file is specified on the command line, the path specified here will be passed, and nginx will go there to find its configuration file. The path here should be accurate to the file. --error-log-path=<path> Specifies the path to the error log file, to the exact file. --pid-path=<path> specifies the path to the pid file, usually under /var/run/ --lock-path=<path>path to mutex file --user=<user> The user the worker process runs as --group=<group> The group in which the worker process runs
These are some configuration options for custom installations:
The installation of source code generally consists of 3 steps: configuration (configure), compilation (make), and installation (make install). Next, we start to compile and install, and I will post the problems encountered during the installation process.
mkdir /opt/nginx &&chown nginx:nginx /opt/nginx/
./configure --prefix=/opt/nginx/ --sbin-path=/usr/bin/ --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx. conf --user=nginx --group=nginx
#--prefix=/opt/nginx/ The specified nginx installation directory is /opt/nginx
#--sbin-path=/usr/bin/ The specified path of the nginx binary file is /usr/bin
#--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf Specifies the path to the configuration file
#--user=nginx specifies the user the process runs as
#--group=nginx specifies the user the process runs as
During the compilation process I encountered the following errors, here is a record:
First error: ./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found The gcc compiler is missing.
Workaround: Install the gcc compiler
yum -y install gcc-c++ autoconf automake
The second error: /configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library. There is no PCRE library.
Workaround: Install PCRE
yum -y install pcre pcre-devel
第三个错误：./configure: error: the HTTP cache module requires md5 functions from OpenSSL library. You can either disable the module by using --without-http-cache option, or install the OpenSSL library into the system, or build the OpenSSL library statically from the source with nginx by using --with-http_ssl_module --with-openssl=<path> options. 缺少ssl错误。
Workaround: Install openssl
yum -y install openssl openssl-devel
Fourth error: ./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library. The zlib library is missing
Solution: Install the zlib library
yum install -y zlib-devel
There are also some errors that I haven't encountered, but I will make a note here, which may help later.
Error message: ./configure: error: the HTTP XSLT module requires the libxml2/libxslt libxml2 is missing
Solution: yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-dev && yum -y install libxslt-devel
错误信息：./configure: error: the HTTP image filter module requires the GD library. You can either do not enable the module or install the libraries.
Solution: http_image_filter_module is an integrated image processing module provided by nginx, which requires the support of gd-devel yum -y install gd-devel
Error message: ./configure: error: perl module ExtUtils::Embed is required ExtUtils is missing
Workaround: yum -y install perl-devel perl-ExtUtils-Embed
错误信息：./configure: error: the GeoIP module requires the GeoIP library. You can either do not enable the module or install the library. 缺少GeoIP
Workaround: yum -y install GeoIP GeoIP-devel GeoIP-data
The above are the errors that may be encountered during the configuration process. Next, we will compile.
make -j 4
The meaning of the -j parameter is to compile in parallel, which can improve the compilation speed in the case of multi-core
Install:
make install
Then we need to change the owner and group of the directory to avoid permission problems when nginx is running
chown -R nginx:nginx /opt/nginx/ chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/nginx/
Check the version of nginx:
[root@test1 etc]# /usr/bin/nginx -v nginx version: nginx/1.14.0
run nginx
[root@test1 etc]# /usr/bin/nginx [root@test1 etc]# ps -ef |grep nginx root 8984 1 0 10:56 ? 00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/bin/nginx nginx 8985 8984 0 10:56 ? 00:00:00 nginx: worker process root 8987 3060 0 10:56 pts/2 00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
Then we can directly access port 80 of our ip (the port needs to be open)
If you open the firewall, you can close or open port 80.
Turn off the firewall:
systemctl stop firewalld
Open port 80:
firewall-cmd --add-port=80/tcp --permanent firewall-cmd --reload
When we see this interface, it means the installation was successful:
Finally, let's talk about a few nginx commands:
Start: /usr/bin/nginx Check if the configuration file is correct: /usr/bin/nginx -t Reload configuration file: /usr/bin/nginx -s reload Restart: /usr/bin/nginx -s reopen Stop: /usr/bin/nginx -s stop
The above is a note for installing nginx.