# -*-coding:utf8 -*-
'''''
Examples of common file operations in Python
Pathname access functions in the os.path module
separate
basename() removes the directory path and returns the filename
dirname() removes the filename and returns the directory path
join() combines the separated parts into a single pathname
split() returns (dirname(), basename()) tuple
splitdrive() returns a (drivename, pathname) tuple
splitext() returns a (filename, extension) tuple
information
getatime() returns the last access time
getctime() returns the file creation time
getmtime() returns the most recent file modification time
getsize() returns the file size in bytes
Inquire
exists() Whether the specified path (file or directory) exists
isabs() specifies whether the path is an absolute path
isdir() specifies whether the path exists and is a directory
isfile() specifies whether the path exists and is a file
islink() specifies whether the path exists and is a symbolic link
ismount() specifies whether the path exists and is a mount point
samefile() whether two pathnames point to the same file
os.path.isdir(name): Determine if name is a directory, if name is not a directory, return false
os.path.isfile(name): Determine if name is a file, and return false if name does not exist
os.path.exists(name): determine whether a file or directory name exists
os.path.getsize(name): Get the file size, if name is a directory, return 0L
os.path.abspath(name): get the absolute path
os.path.normpath(path): canonical path string form
os.path.split(name): splits filenames from directories (in fact, if you use directories at all, it will also split the last directory as a filename, and it won't tell if a file or directory exists)
os.path.splitext(): separate filename and extension
os.path.join(path,name): join a directory with a filename or directory
os.path.basename(path): returns the file name
os.path.dirname(path): returns the file path
File operations in the os module:
os module properties
linesep String used to separate lines in the file
sep String used to separate file pathnames
pathsep String used to separate file paths
curdir String name of the current working directory
pardir (current working directory) parent directory string name
1. Rename: os.rename(old, new)
2. Delete: os.remove(file)
3. List the files in the directory: os.listdir(path)
4. Get the current working directory: os.getcwd()
5. Change the working directory: os.chdir(newdir)
6. Create a multi-level directory: os.makedirs(r"c:\python\test")
7. Create a single directory: os.mkdir("test")
8. Delete multiple directories: os.removedirs(r"c:\python") #Delete all empty directories under the last directory of the given path.
9. Delete a single directory: os.rmdir("test")
10. Get file attributes: os.stat(file)
11. Modify file permissions and timestamps: os.chmod(file)
12. Execute the operating system command: os.system("dir")
13. Start a new process: os.exec(), os.execvp()
14. Execute a program in the background: osspawnv()
15. Terminate the current process: os.exit(), os._exit()
16. Separate file name: os.path.split(r"c:\python\hello.py") --> ("c:\\python", "hello.py")
17. Separate extension: os.path.splitext(r"c:\python\hello.py") --> ("c:\\python\\hello", ".py")
18. Get the path name: os.path.dirname(r"c:\python\hello.py") --> "c:\\python"
19. Get the file name: os.path.basename(r"r:\python\hello.py") --> "hello.py"
20. Determine whether the file exists: os.path.exists(r"c:\python\hello.py") --> True
21. Determine whether it is an absolute path: os.path.isabs(r".\python\") --> False
22. Determine whether it is a directory: os.path.isdir(r"c:\python") --> True
23. Determine whether it is a file: os.path.isfile(r"c:\python\hello.py") --> True
24. Determine whether it is a link file: os.path.islink(r"c:\python\hello.py") --> False
25. Get the file size: os.path.getsize(filename)
26.*******：os.ismount("c:\\") --> True
27. Search all files in the directory: os.path.walk()
The shutil module operates on files:
1. Copy a single file: shultil.copy(oldfile, newfle)
2. Copy the entire directory tree: shultil.copytree(r".\setup", r".\backup")
3. Delete the entire directory tree: shultil.rmtree(r".\backup")
Temporary file operations:
1. Create a unique temporary file: tempfile.mktemp() --> filename
2. Open a temporary file: tempfile.TemporaryFile()
In-memory file (StringIO and cStringIO) operations
[4.StringIO] #cStringIO is a fast implementation module of StringIO module
1. Create a memory file and write initial data: f = StringIO.StringIO("Hello world!")
2. Read in memory file data: print f.read() #or print f.getvalue() --> Hello world!
3. Want to write data to the memory file: f.write("Good day!")
4. Close the memory file: f.close()
'''
import them
import os.path
import unittest
import time
#import pygame
class PyFileCommonOperatorTest(unittest.TestCase):
def __init__(self):
"""constructor"""
def test01(self):
print os.linesep
print os.sep
print os.pathsep
print os.curdir
print os.pardir
print os.getcwd()
print 'unittest here'
if __name__ == "__main__":
t = PyFileCommonOperatorTest()
t.test01()
#Writing to read the file:
#Read text file:
input = open('data', 'r')#The second parameter is the default and can be omitted
#Read binary file:
input = open('data', 'rb')
#Read all file contents:
open('xxoo.txt').read()
#read fixed bytes
open('abinfile', 'rb').read(100)
# read each line
file_object.readlines()
Reprinted from: https://blog.csdn.net/scelong/article/details/6971917