————TCP/IP protocol and configuration————
【TCP/IP protocol and configuration】
<< TCP/IP Protocol>>
< Introduction to TCP/IP>
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
The
most widely supported set of communication protocols
Host communication three elements
IP address ip address
IP routing ip router
subnet mask subnet mask
< IP address >
Internet Protocol, identifying the network address of a node
ipv4: 32 binary bits
ipv6: 128 binary bits
composition (ipv4): dotted Decimal, network bit + host bit
< IP classification >
Public address (Public address) public
network address, suitable for the Internet, belonging to the wide area network address External network Type Subnet mask Private address A: 1～126 255.0.0.0 10.0.0.1～10.255.255.254 B: 128～191 255.255.0.0 172.16.0.1～172.31.255.214 C: 192～223 255.255.255.0 10.18.19 .255.254 D: 224~239 Multicast (Multicast) E: 240~254 Research
[Basic environment configuration]
<Gateway (geteway)>
A "gateway" (router, firewall, access server) connecting one network to another network
<Network connectivity>
Loopback test
ping 127.0.0.1 to verify whether the TCP/IP protocol driver is normal for local
network connectivity Test
ping IP1|IP1 ping IP2 Influencing factors: the same network, firewall
ping 192.168.1.254 ping the gateway address of the local network
Remote connectivity test
ping remote host IP Influencing factors: correct gateway, firewall
This step is successful, the above can be ignored
External network connection test
ping www.baidu.com Influencing factors: DNS server address