Docker commands
-a stdin: Specify the content type of standard input and output, and three items of STDIN/STDOUT/STDERR are optional;
-d: run the container in the background and return the container ID;
-i: run the container in interactive mode, usually used with -t;
-t: reallocate a pseudo input terminal for the container, usually used at the same time as -i;
--name="nginx-lb": Specify a name for the container;
--dns 8.8.8.8: Specify the DNS server used by the container, the default is the same as the host;
--dns-search example.com: Specify the container DNS search domain name, the default is the same as the host;
-h "mars": specifies the hostname of the container;
-e username="ritchie": set environment variables;
--env-file=[]: Read environment variables from the specified file;
--cpuset="0-2" or --cpuset="0,1,2": Bind the container to the specified CPU to run;
-m : Set the maximum memory used by the container;
--net="bridge": Specify the network connection type of the container, support bridge/host/none/container: four types;
--link=[]: add a link to another container;
--expose=[]: open a port or a group of ports;
1. Docker common commands to explain the process
docker images View local mirror warehouse
docker rmi [image id] delete the image in the local image repository. The image id is the image ID that needs to be deleted
docker pull [image name]:[tag] Download the image to the local image repository, image name image name, tag image version
docker search [keyword] View the content of the local image. The keyword is the keyword of the image name. You do not need to enter all the image names.
docker run -d [image] executes the image into a virtual environment
docker build -t [image name] .
docker build -t [image name] -f [dockerfile] .
docker tag [original image name] [new image name]
docker tag [original image name]:[tag] [new image name]:[tag]
docker run -it [image] bash executes the image into a virtual environment and directly enters the docker virtual environment (equivalent to docker exec -it [image] bash)
docker exec -it [image] bash executes the image into a virtual environment and directly enters the docker virtual environment
docker run -d -p 8080:80 nginx accesses the external iP port is 8080. In fact, the 80 port corresponding to the internal ip executes the nginx action
docker run -dv /data:/data nginx mounts the data of the server to the data inside docker so that it can be used inside docker.
docker run -d -e MYENV=test nginx changes the environment variable of the server to the environment inside docker.
docker network create mynet1 creates a network card named mynet1
docker ps to view the container container of the docker in execution,
docker ps -p -p only displays the id number of the container being executed
docker ps -a -a shows all containers, both stopped and running
docker start [instance-id] starts the instance, instance-id instance ID number
docker stop [instance-id] stops the instance, instance-id instance ID number
docker attach [instance-id] makes the actions of the two windows consistent
docker rm [instance-id] delete the running instance instance, you need to stop the instance before deleting
docker rm -f [instance-id] Force delete the running instance instance, you can delete the instance directly without stopping the instance
docker rm -f `docker ps -q` deletes all executing containers, ``calls the execution result as the parameter of the previous delete operation.
[example]
[root@docker ~]# docker ps View running container
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
378e85b45f67 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of 28 minutes ago Up 28 minutes 80/tcp clever_turing
7fad893a54c4 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon of 29 minutes ago Up 29 minutes 0.0.0.0:8080->80/tcp thirsty_yonath
[root@docker ~]# docker rm -f `docker ps -q ` delete all running containers
378e85b45f67
7fad893a54c4
[root@docker ~]# docker ps View the container being executed, all of which have been deleted
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a -q View all containers, whether they are being executed or deleted, -q only shows instance-id
bebf3f5b8112
0577c4b78979
1d26ba3448f0
3e05321bdbca
4cb7712e3dd7
[root@docker ~]# docker rm -f `docker ps -q -a ` Force delete all containers, whether they are stopped or running.
bebf3f5b8112
0577c4b78979
1d26ba3448f0
3e05321bdbca
4cb7712e3dd7
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -a -q Check again that there is no container, and it has been deleted.
2 . Command format:
docker run -it --name mydocker1 [image1] bash # Alias image1 as mydocker1
docker run -it --link mydocker1:mydocker1 [image2] bash connects the two images so that image1 and image2 can communicate with each other
3 . Command function:
Connect two containers to communicate with each other
3 . Command parameters:
-it --name Name the first image1 first
-it --link connect to the first image and communicate with each other
Example 1
First open a window and enter the following command to open a docker window 1
[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --name node1 node bash
root@f2765d5fd9c8:/#
[root@docker ~]# docker run -it --link node1:node1 node bash
root@e85d11098482:/#
在第二个docker窗口下输入以下命令：
root@e85d11098482:/# ping node1 显示node1的ip地址是172.16.0.16
PING node1 (172.17.0.16): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 172.17.0.16: icmp_seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.110 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.0.16: icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.073 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.0.16: icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.075 ms
64 bytes from 172.17.0.16: icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.094 ms
^C--- node1 ping statistics ---
4 packets transmitted, 4 packets received, 0% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max/stddev = 0.073/0.088/0.110/0.000 ms
在第一个docker窗口下输入以下命令，查看该窗口的IP地址正是node1的IP地址
root@f2765d5fd9c8:/# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
34: eth0@if35: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default
link/ether 02:42:ac:11:00:10 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.16/16 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::42:acff:fe11:10/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
实例二
attach实例，通过attach使得两个窗口显示一模一样：
[root@docker docker]# docker run -it nginx bash
root@0f8a31139121:/# ls
bin boot devetc home liblib64 media mnt optproc root run sbin srv sys tmp u
root@0f8a31139121:/#
[root@docker ~]# docker ps -q 先查看正在运行的docker进程
0f8a31139121
[root@docker ~]# docker attach 0f8a31139121
ls
bin boot devetc home liblib64 media mnt optproc root run sbin srv sys tmp u
root@0f8a31139121:/#
实例三：
docker network create mynet1实例：
[root@docker docker]#docker network create mynet2 建立网卡，命名为mynet2
Error response from daemon: network with name mynet2 already exists #提示该名称的网卡已存在
[root@docker docker]# docker network create mynet1
647cb9fd3d7162da73aaf12eba4dbcd88b7c0790f6eda617f6635b5c4eb13f7e
[root@docker docker]# docker network create mynet3
aa6f9827251c45cd88f308108bd78bb6ef719ed04d37213277217c95b615f17c
[root@docker docker]# docker run -d --name c1 --net mynet1 nginx 打开nginx，并命名为c1，且设定网卡为mynet1刚建立的网卡
b772bb24c6457d6c0528a16d3820841f06d934a10809dd266862687222344134
[root@docker docker]# docker run -d --name c2 --net mynet2 nginx
66221df665551e658a81e169611d32179d119fc17b684a6ba9bca1b16b2a5b3f
[root@docker docker]# docker run -d --name c3 nginx 打开nginx程序，并命名为c3，但不指定网卡。
54fc6b30e9838f0e261ba82562de5a2a00e07667b46baf2f8f6f701107f80251
[root@docker docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
54fc6b30e983 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon off" 3 seconds ago Up 2 seconds 80/tcp c3
66221df66555 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon off" 19 seconds ago Up 18 seconds 80/tcp c2
b772bb24c645 nginx "nginx -g 'daemon off" 28 seconds ago Up 27 seconds 80/tcp c1
[root@docker docker]# docker exec -it c1 bash #直接进入刚才建立的c1 bash
root@b772bb24c645:/#
实例四：
[root@docker docker]#docker rm -f `docker ps -q -a`
54fc6b30e983
66221df66555
b772bb24c645
[root@docker docker]# docker run -d -p 5000:5000 --name registry registry:2
Unable to find image 'registry:2' locally
2: Pulling from library/registry
9f9a7687cb91: Pull complete
607d8cb26263: Pull complete
305c4b3247bc: Pull complete
09fd65a9f827: Pull complete
5614c459bd0f: Pull complete
7d72978aa116: Pull complete
5a7694fedddd: Pull complete
37213f6a1a3f: Pull complete
6bb73e9857ff: Pull complete
8fe0c76b17fc: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:6cd209f81e188e8eaa13fad9b670fb1a4e9c7776a73b3881b69834fe5ddfb193
Status: Downloaded newer image for registry:2
c88ae6df9e41f06dbfc283585269ed7df0e23621b2357d2e3b73622565512048
[root@docker docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
c88ae6df9e41 registry:2 "/entrypoint.sh /etc/" 10 seconds ago Up 8 seconds 0.0.0.0:5000->5000/tcp registry
[root@docker docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
nginx latest e076c61a6bf2 2 weeks ago 108.9 MB
node latest 46ecedfa82d3 2 weeks ago 672.8 MB
registry 2 8fe0c76b17fc 3 months ago 33.26 MB
[root@docker docker]# docker tag nginx localhost:5000/nginx
[root@docker docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
localhost:5000/nginx latest e076c61a6bf2 2 weeks ago 108.9 MB
nginx latest e076c61a6bf2 2 weeks ago 108.9 MB
node latest 46ecedfa82d3 2 weeks ago 672.8 MB
registry 2 8fe0c76b17fc 3 months ago 33.26 MB
[root@docker docker]# docker push localhost:5000/nginx
The push refers to a repository [localhost:5000/nginx] (len: 1)
e076c61a6bf2: Pushed
235c9b4b2c82: Pushed
8bc1215bde0f: Pushed
abc60fac2aea: Pushed
latest: digest: sha256:9a032ad6687bd8a621c6d7dbd29163eff9c35d5e77c04ddef9da52c63c72a934 size: 9566