The difference between dockerfile and docker-compose

Dockerfile is a configuration file for making a single image. Examples are as follows:
Command collection:
Build an image: docker build -t 'xxxxxx' .
Start an image: docker run -d -p 8888:8888 --name xxxxxx xxxxxx
and so on...

FROM python:3.7.11

WORKDIR /var/www/docker_project/xxxxxx/app

COPY . .
RUN pip install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple --no-cache-dir -r requirements.txt
COPY . .

CMD ["gunicorn", "app.app:app", "-c", "./app/gunicorn.conf.py"]

docker-compose is a configuration file that starts a series of images for a project, examples are as follows:
command collection:
start: docker-compose up
close: docker-compose down
and so on...

version: '3'
services:
  mysql:
    image: mysql:5.7
    container_name: mysql
    command: mysqld --character-set-server=utf8mb4 --collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci
    restart: always
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root #设置root帐号密码
    ports:
      - 3306:3306
    volumes:
      - /mydata/mysql/data/db:/var/lib/mysql #数据文件挂载
      - /mydata/mysql/data/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d #配置文件挂载
      - /mydata/mysql/log:/var/log/mysql #日志文件挂载
  redis:
    image: redis:5
    container_name: redis
    command: redis-server --appendonly yes
    volumes:
      - /mydata/redis/data:/data #数据文件挂载
    ports:
      - 6379:6379
  nginx:
    image: nginx:1.10
    container_name: nginx
    volumes:
      - /mydata/nginx/conf:/etc/nginx #配置文件挂载
      - /mydata/nginx/html:/usr/share/nginx/html #静态资源根目录挂载
      - /mydata/nginx/log:/var/log/nginx #日志文件挂载
    ports:
      - 80:80
  rabbitmq:
    image: rabbitmq:3.7.15-management
    container_name: rabbitmq
    volumes:
      - /mydata/rabbitmq/data:/var/lib/rabbitmq #数据文件挂载
      - /mydata/rabbitmq/log:/var/log/rabbitmq #日志文件挂载
    ports:
      - 5672:5672
      - 15672:15672
  elasticsearch:
    image: elasticsearch:7.6.2
    container_name: elasticsearch
    user: root
    environment:
      - "cluster.name=elasticsearch" #设置集群名称为elasticsearch
      - "discovery.type=single-node" #以单一节点模式启动
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m" #设置使用jvm内存大小
    volumes:
      - /mydata/elasticsearch/plugins:/usr/share/elasticsearch/plugins #插件文件挂载
      - /mydata/elasticsearch/data:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data #数据文件挂载
    ports:
      - 9200:9200
      - 9300:9300
  logstash:
    image: logstash:7.6.2
    container_name: logstash
    environment:
      - TZ=Asia/Shanghai
    volumes:
      - /mydata/logstash/logstash.conf:/usr/share/logstash/pipeline/logstash.conf #挂载logstash的配置文件
    depends_on:
      - elasticsearch #kibana在elasticsearch启动之后再启动
    links:
      - elasticsearch:es #可以用es这个域名访问elasticsearch服务
    ports:
      - 4560:4560
      - 4561:4561
      - 4562:4562
      - 4563:4563
  kibana:
    image: kibana:7.6.2
    container_name: kibana
    links:
      - elasticsearch:es #可以用es这个域名访问elasticsearch服务
    depends_on:
      - elasticsearch #kibana在elasticsearch启动之后再启动
    environment:
      - "elasticsearch.hosts=http://es:9200" #设置访问elasticsearch的地址
    ports:
      - 5601:5601
  mongo:
    image: mongo:4.2.5
    container_name: mongo
    volumes:
      - /mydata/mongo/db:/data/db #数据文件挂载
    ports:
      - 27017:27017
  nacos-registry:
    image: nacos/nacos-server:1.3.0
    container_name: nacos-registry
    environment:
      - "MODE=standalone"
    ports:
      - 8848:8848

Reference:
https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/382762740
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41282397/article/details/82879246