【Abstract】This paper discusses the current situation and role of the process equipment and control engineering profession, and believes that in the future development of the process equipment and control engineering profession, the information industry will provide the driving force for its development, and professional talents are an important basis for its development. The manufacturing industry shows a development trend of integration, and the manufacturing industry shows the development direction of globalization and intelligence. The basic methods to improve the construction and perfection of process equipment and control engineering are proposed: accurately positioning the training goals of over-control talents, innovating teaching methods, Build a more complete curriculum system.
【Key words】Process equipment and control engineering status and future trends
【CLC number】G 【Document identification code】A
【Article number】0450-9889(2018)04C-0111-02
From the perspective of professional nature, the major of process equipment and control engineering is a relatively comprehensive major, which includes not only the contents of machinery and chemical engineering, but also electrical engineering and control. The major of this major is to cultivate new technical talents as the teaching goal. At present, the demand for process equipment and control engineering professionals in my country has skyrocketed, and higher requirements have also been placed on the computer capabilities of professionals. With the support of modern information technology, the characteristics of informatization and intelligence of the development trend of process equipment and control engineering are gradually highlighted. Analyzing the status quo of process equipment and control engineering and predicting its development trend has become an important topic faced by relevant departments.
1. Overview of Process Equipment and Control Engineering
The process equipment and control engineering major mainly refers to the transformation of mechanical equipment and control engineering, so that the process industry becomes the object of its common service. The development direction of the process equipment and control engineering major determines the development direction of other industries to a large extent. The major of process equipment and control engineering mainly studies the design of process equipment and supporting equipment, the research and development of energy-saving equipment, and the related academic research on process safety. Over-control technology can be widely used in production and operation processes in other fields, such as biological engineering, machinery manufacturing, pharmaceutical engineering, and food production. The specialty of process equipment and control engineering reflects a high degree of integration, and its foundation is the design of process equipment, and its components mainly include process principles and control technology. At present, the training goal of the process equipment and control engineering major is to improve the comprehensive ability of the professional, not only should master the basic courses of the major, but also need to master a certain modern information technology.
In the current curriculum system of colleges and universities, the positioning of process equipment and control engineering in different colleges and universities is also quite different. . In addition, different schools also integrate the teaching characteristics of the school in the process of cultivating process equipment and control engineering talents, so that it can better reflect the talent training characteristics of process equipment and control engineering.
2. Status Quo and Function of Process Equipment and Control Engineering
In the context of the development of the new normal of the economy, my country's economic development is still relatively fast, and this economic development situation has greatly increased the demand for talents in social construction. Whether it is the demand for technical equipment control technology in the machinery manufacturing industry, or the demand for talents in the development direction of modern agriculture, there is an important connection between the process equipment and control engineering majors. Although my country's investment in chemical equipment and infrastructure construction are in a relatively advanced position, in the development process of some related industries, there is still a high demand for talents, especially process equipment and control engineering. Professional talent. In addition, the current energy problem has become a high concern of the public, and the development of highly technical fields such as military aviation is also inseparable from the promotion of process equipment and control engineering professionals, especially those with computer operation ability and technical literacy of over-controlling talents. Under the background of the continuous improvement of my country's scientific and technological level, process equipment and control engineering have gradually become a solid driving force for my country's industrial take-off, and can reflect the level of my country's industrial development to a certain extent.
In order to better meet the needs of social development for process equipment and control engineering professionals, students should have relatively deep theoretical basic knowledge, such as the knowledge of mechanical equipment research and development, and theoretical knowledge of control engineering. From the perspective of talent training, the training direction of process equipment and control engineering professionals is mechanical professionals, not engineering talents. Only talents with relatively deep theoretical knowledge and capabilities in design, R&D, and innovation can better meet the requirements of social development for over-control talents, and thus gain a broader space for development. my country's current major industries include equipment design and manufacturing, chemical industry, non-ferrous metal, steel production, and vehicle and ship production and manufacturing, and over-control technology plays an important role in these fields.
从我国开始开设过程装备与控制工程专业到现在，其在很多领域都发挥着非常重要的作用，成为我国产业经济发展的主要动力。在我国的科技行业不断创造辉煌的背景下，过程装备与控制工程专业技术的研究也在不断深入，使得其在工业、矿业以及制造企业实现可持续发展的道路上不断提供动力。总而言之，过控技术设计是当前工业发展的核心，也是高校课程体系的重要组成部分。
三、过程装备与控制工程专业未来的发展趋势
(一)信息行业将为其提供发展的动力。将信息化元素融入过程装备与控制工程专业的发展过程中是其发展的主要趋势，现代信息技术的不断发展，已经在很大程度上改变了制造业的生产方式以及生产环节，也对制造业的经营发展提供了一定的动力，并相对提高了制造业的生产质量和效率。这样的发展趋势使得制造企业有望在行业市场中赢得更多的市场份额，随之而来的便是对过程装备与控制工程专业的技术的要求也越来越高，掌握信息技术并且能进行智能化操作的过控人才已经成为当前社会上需要的热门人才。
(二)专业人才是过程装备与控制工程专业发展的重要基础。当前，我国的人才以及生产资源都处于相对集中的状态。无论是想要实现高新技术的升级和发展，还是提高工业化产业的先进程度，都必须依靠大量的专业技术人才。这样的发展状况为过程装备与控制工程专业人才培养造成了较大的压力，同时也指明了该专业发展的方向。而且，由于过程装备与控制工程专业具有较强的综合性，其技术能延伸到各个领域当中，提高该专业人才的技术以及现代化工作理念也是十分必要的。这样的趋势使得高校必须采用更加完善的教学制度以及更加先进的教学方法来培养过程装备与控制工程专业的人才。
(三)服务业和制造业呈现出结合的发展趋势。服务业以及制造业是我国经济产业中重要的组成部分，其对于国家实现经济增长的目标具有非常重要的作用。近几年，经济全球化的趋势逐渐凸显出来，国家的宏观调控政策也稍有倾斜，制造业已经逐渐无法作为一个独立的产业实现可持续发展，其与服务业之间出现了一定的交集，这样的状况将制造业的服务性特点逐渐凸显出来，并且服务业也出现了一定程度与制造业联系密切的业务。在国家的相关部门对行业范围的划分越来越清楚的大背景下，市场的经济体制也处于不断健全的状态当中，使得服务行业的一些业务内容对新型制造业发展的影响越来越深刻，并且将会持续下去。这样的发展趋势使得高校对过程装备与控制工程专业的人才培养也不能仅仅按照一个方向来进行，而是应该充分寻找制造业与服务业之间的结合点，并对其进行深度挖掘，从而作为开展过程装备与控制工程专业教学的着手点。
(四)制造业的全球化以及智能化发展方向。首先，制造业的发展方向逐渐呈现出技术与生产相分离的状态，一些制造企业将一些不涉及其核心生产技术的业务转移到海外进行，这就需要较高程度的智能化过控技术的支持，无论是国内还是国外都需要根据过控技术研究和开发更加先进的设备，从而从技术上提高了企业的生产能力。另外，远程技术的不断升级也为过控技术专业的发展提供了更多的契机。其次，智能化已经成为过控技术发展一个方向，其在过程装备与控制工程专业技术中的渗透在很大程度上转变了服务业以及制造业的生产过程，使其得到了提高。在这样的技术背景下，远程技术逐渐渗透进过控技术的发展历程当中，充分发挥计算机的信息化优势促进过控技术的发展，从而更加高效和安全地完成生产计划。这样的发展趋势能在很大的程度上提高了制造过程的安全性。
四、提高过程装备与控制工程专业建设完善程度的基本方法
(一)准确定位过控人才的培养目标。过程装备与控制工程专业的教师在开展教学活动之前，应该根据专业课程的具体内容准确定位过控人才的培养目标。针对过程装备与控制工程专业技术的应用领域合理设定人才培养的目标，从而提高过程装备与控制工程专业教学的针对性，使学生能掌握更多的技术方法和理论知识。
(二)对教学方法进行创新。教师在为学生讲解过程装备与控制工程专业的相关课程时，应该一改传统的教学理念，不再仅仅采用单向知识传输的方式为学生讲解相关课程，而是应该重视课堂教学中与学生之间的互动环节。首先，教师应该明确划分教学的侧重点，将教学的重心放在实践课程上，对比较简答的知识可以稍略讲解。其次，教师应该重视学生自主探究的学习过程，尽量在教学的过程中为学生留出一定的探究空间，使学生通过独立思考以及合作探究的过程更好地理解过程装备与控制工程专业的知识。另外，教师应该突出信息技术在教学中的优势，并利用多媒体教学技术提高教学的先进性。
(三)构建更加完善的课程体系。首先，重视控制课程教学。过程装备与控制工程专业属于一个综合专业，但是在实际的教学的过程中，很多教师仅仅重视工业化学以及机械课程的讲解，忽略了普通化学知识。因此，教师应该将教学的重点放在控制的原理以及方法上，重视控制课程的教學过程。其次，提高学生的实际操作能力。过程装备与控制工程专业涉及很多实验的内容，不仅包括机械实验，还包括一些设计实验以及综合实验。教师应该根据各个实验的教学侧重点，带领学生完成相关实验，并在这一教学过程中提高学生的实际操作能力。
综上所述，当前过控技术已经成为我国经济水平提升以及产业发展的主要动力，这样的发展趋势为过程装备与控制工程专业人才的发展提供了更多的契机。在培养过程装备与控制工程专业技术人才的过程中，不仅应该重视专业化机械体以及控制等专业课程，还应该突出培养过控人才的计算机能力，从而更好地迎合过程装备与控制工程专业的发展趋势。
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【作者简介】周明理(1983— )，男，广西浦北人，北海职业学院电子信息工程系讲师，研究方向：控制工程、电工电子技术。
(责编 王 一)