The history of the web

First, let's briefly introduce the three types of websites on the web:

1. Website HTML technology for static content
   , mainly text and pictures (including gif dynamic pictures).
   Features: Simple, it can only display information and cannot interact with users.
2. The earliest dynamic website
   mainly adopts CGI/Perl script technology, which can realize dynamic content and interactivity, and the server can access the file system or database.
   Disadvantages: poor scalability (allocates a new process for each request), poor security (direct use of system environment variables and filesystem), poorly organized scripts and lack of a structured way to structure dynamic applications.
3. The dynamic website with reference model
   mainly adopts technologies such as PHP, ASP, JSP, etc., under a relatively general reference framework, it can construct a well-scalable and secure Web application.

The origin and development of the web

1. British scientist Tim Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web in 1989. In 1990 he wrote the first web browser while working at CERN in Switzerland. The web browser was released outside CERN in 1991, first released to other research institutes in January 1991, and made available to the public on the Internet in August 1991, and in April 1993 CERN announced that anyone could use the web protocol and code royalty free.
   
   This is also the first website in the world: http://info.cern.ch
2. In order to reduce the complexity, starting from the back-end, there are architectural upgrades of the Web Server layer, such as Structs, Spring MVC, etc. This is the MVC era of the back-end. Code maintainability has been significantly improved. MVC is a very good collaboration model, which allows developers to understand what code should be written where from the architectural level. In order to make the View layer simpler and more straightforward, you can also choose templates such as Velocity and Freemaker, so that Java code cannot be written in the template. It seems that the function has become weaker, but it is this limitation that makes the front-end and back-end division of labor clearer.
3. History rolls forward. In 2004, Gmail came to the world like a windy woman. Soon, Ajax was officially proposed in 2005. In addition, CDN began to be used for static resource storage, so SPA (Single Page Application Single Page Application Single Page) appeared, which is the return of the king of JavaScript. application) era. In this mode, the division of labor between the front-end and the back-end is very clear, and the key collaboration point between the front-end and the back-end is the Ajax interface. It looks so good, but looking back, it's not that different from the JSP days. The complexity moved from server-side JSP to browser-side JavaScript, and the browser-side became very complex.
4. In order to reduce the complexity of front-end development, in addition to Backbone, a large number of frameworks have emerged, such as EmberJS, KnockoutJS, AngularJS and so on. The general principle of these frameworks is to first layer by type, such as Templates, Controllers, Models, and then do segmentation within the layer.
5. The front-end-based MV* model solves many, many problems, but as mentioned above, there are still many deficiencies. With the rise of Node.js, JavaScript began to have the ability to run on the server.

[1] https://www.cnblogs.com/lhb25/p/web-development-mode-evolve.html
[2] https://www.cnblogs.com/jason571/p/6259054.html