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刚刚替换自己的笔记本电脑系统为唯一的deepin linux，用的蛮开心，突然想用mysql，想想还是mariadb靠谱。 就一条apt install 安排上了，然而没有第一时间修改密码，导致后面无法进入数据库，后面千思万想终于设定了密码，特记录一下。
0.环境
- 系统
deepin linux 23 测试版
- mariadb版本
Server version: 10.5.11-MariaDB-1 Debian 11 官网 mariadb.org/
Latest MariaDB releases 10.8.2 (RC), 10.7.3 **, ** 10.6.7 , 10.5.15, 10.4.24 , 10.3.34 , 10.2.43 . Vote on your current version.
可见我的不是最新的，当然很稳定。
1.一条命令安装mariadb
sudo apt install mariadb-server
复制代码2.无密码模式启动并进入mariadb
sudo mariadb --defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf
复制代码系统提示：
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 31
Server version: 10.5.11-MariaDB-1 Debian 11
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
复制代码3.修改密码
常规的修改密码命令报错，很纳闷，具体如下：
MariaDB [mysql]> select user, host from user;
+-------------+-----------+
| User | Host |
+-------------+-----------+
| mariadb.sys | localhost |
| mysql | localhost |
| root | localhost |
+-------------+-----------+
3 rows in set (0.002 sec)
MariaDB [mysql]> update user set Password=PASSWORD('root') where User='root' and Host='localhost';
ERROR 1356 (HY000): View 'mysql.user' references invalid table(s) or column(s) or function(s) or definer/invoker of view lack rights to use them
复制代码后来反反复复查找，找到如下格式：root'@'localhost'，并不是直接在表中改，一次成功。。。。。。
MariaDB [mysql]> SET PASSWORD FOR 'root'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('root');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.005 sec)
复制代码具体验证登录如下：
(base) livingbody@livingbody-PC:~$ mysql -uroot -proot
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 36
Server version: 10.5.11-MariaDB-1 Debian 11
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
复制代码4.总结
此次修改密码成功，主要有两个点：
- 1.特权模式启动
主要参考了etc/mysql/debian.cnf 文件头的说明，不然还真搞不定
# THIS FILE IS OBSOLETE. STOP USING IT IF POSSIBLE.
# This file exists only for backwards compatibility for
# tools that run '--defaults-file=/etc/mysql/debian.cnf'
# and have root level access to the local filesystem.
# With those permissions one can run 'mariadb' directly
# anyway thanks to unix socket authentication and hence
# this file is useless. See package README for more info.
[client]
host = localhost
user = root
[mysql_upgrade]
host = localhost
user = root
socket=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
# THIS FILE WILL BE REMOVED IN A FUTURE DEBIAN RELEASE.
复制代码- 2.密码修改
直接修改表不行，需要系统命令来修改，这个和老版本的mysql略有区别，特记录一下。
希望该文对大家有用，Good Luck！