Android中网络通信的几种方式

Android网络编程分为两种：基于http协议的，和基于socket的。
基于Http协议：HttpClient、HttpURLConnection、AsyncHttpClient框架等
基于Socket：
（1）针对TCP/IP的Socket、ServerSocket
（2）针对UDP/IP的DatagramSocket、DatagramPackage
（3）Apache Mina框架

一、HttpURLConnection的实现方式

[java] view plain copy

print ?

String response = null;
Url url = new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); // 新建连接实例
connection.setConnectTimeout(20000);// 设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒
//connection.setReadTimeout(20000);// 设置读取数据超时时间，单位毫秒
connection.setDoInput(true);// 是否打开输入流 true|false
connection.setRequestMethod(”POST”);// 提交方法POST|GET
//connection.setUseCaches(false);// 是否缓存true|false
//connection.setRequestProperty(“accept”, ”*/*”);
//connection.setRequestProperty(“Connection”, “Keep-Alive”);
//connection.setRequestProperty(“Charset”, “UTF-8”);
//connection.setRequestProperty(“Content-Length”, String.valueOf(data.length));
//connection.setRequestProperty(“Content-Type”, “application/x-www-form-urlencoded”);
connection.connect();// 打开连接端口
int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
BufferedReader reader = null;
if (responseCode == 200) {
reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), “utf-8”));
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
String line = ”“;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
buffer.append(line);
}
response = buffer.toString();
} else {
response = ”返回码：”+responseCode;
}
reader.close();
conn.disconnect();

String response = null;
Url url = new URL(path);
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); // 新建连接实例
connection.setConnectTimeout(20000);// 设置连接超时时间，单位毫秒
//connection.setReadTimeout(20000);// 设置读取数据超时时间，单位毫秒
connection.setDoInput(true);// 是否打开输入流 true|false
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");// 提交方法POST|GET
//connection.setUseCaches(false);// 是否缓存true|false
//connection.setRequestProperty("accept", "*/*");
//connection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
//connection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
//connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(data.length));
//connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
connection.connect();// 打开连接端口
int responseCode = conn.getResponseCode();
BufferedReader reader = null;
if (responseCode == 200) {
    reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), "utf-8"));
    StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
    String line = "";
    while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
        buffer.append(line);
    }
    response = buffer.toString();
} else {
    response = "返回码："+responseCode;
}
reader.close();
conn.disconnect();

二、HttpClient实现方式

[java] view plain copy

print ?

HttpResponse mHttpResponse = null;
HttpEntity mHttpEntity = null;
//创建HttpPost对象
//HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path);
//设置httpPost请求参数
//httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,HTTP.UTF_8));
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(path);
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
InputStream inputStream = null;
BufferedReader bufReader = null;
String result = ”“;
// 发送请求并获得响应对象
mHttpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);//如果是“POST”方式就传httppost
if (mHttpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
// 获得响应的消息实体
mHttpEntity = mHttpResponse.getEntity();
// 获取一个输入流
inputStream = mHttpEntity.getContent();
bufReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
String line = ”“;
while (null != (line = bufReader.readLine())) {
result += line;
}
//result = EntityUtils.toString(mHttpResponse.getEntity());
}
if (inputStream != null) {
inputStream.close();
}
bufReader.close();
if (httpClient != null) {
httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}

HttpResponse mHttpResponse = null;
HttpEntity mHttpEntity = null;
//创建HttpPost对象
//HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(path);
//设置httpPost请求参数
//httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params,HTTP.UTF_8));
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(path);   
HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
InputStream inputStream = null;
BufferedReader bufReader = null;
String result = "";
// 发送请求并获得响应对象
mHttpResponse = httpClient.execute(httpGet);//如果是“POST”方式就传httppost 
if (mHttpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK) {
    // 获得响应的消息实体
    mHttpEntity = mHttpResponse.getEntity();
    // 获取一个输入流
    inputStream = mHttpEntity.getContent();
    bufReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream)); 
    String line = "";
    while (null != (line = bufReader.readLine())) {
        result += line;
    }
    //result = EntityUtils.toString(mHttpResponse.getEntity());
} 
if (inputStream != null) {
    inputStream.close();
}
bufReader.close();
if (httpClient != null) {
    httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown();
}

三、实用AsyncHttpClient框架的实现方式：

[java] view plain copy

print ?

AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
client.get(url, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(int i, Header[] headers, byte[] bytes) {
String response = new String(bytes, 0, bytes.length, “UTF-8”);
}
@Override
public void onFailure(int i, Header[] headers, byte[] bytes, Throwable throwable) {
}
});

AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();  
client.get(url, new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() {  
    @Override  
    public void onSuccess(int i, Header[] headers, byte[] bytes) {              
        String response = new String(bytes, 0, bytes.length, "UTF-8");                     
    }  
    @Override  
    public void onFailure(int i, Header[] headers, byte[] bytes, Throwable throwable) {  

    }  
});

四、使用WebView视图组件显示网页。

[java] view plain copy

print ?

myWebView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);
myWebView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() {
@Override
public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {
view.loadUrl(url);
return true;
}
});
myWebView.loadUrl(”http://”+networkAddress);

myWebView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);  
myWebView.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() {  
    @Override  
    public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {  
        view.loadUrl(url);  
        return true;  
    }  
});  
myWebView.loadUrl("http://"+networkAddress);

小提示：

对于HttpClient和HttpURLConnection我们该怎么选择呢？

在Android 2.2版本之前，由于HttpClient有较少的bug，因此我们选择它来使用。然而在Android 2.3版本及以后，HttpURLConnection则是最佳的选择。HttpUrlConnection对大部分工作进行了包装，屏蔽了不需要的细节，体积较小，因而非常适用于Android项目。并且HttpUrlConnection直接在系统层面做了缓存策略处理，可以加快重复请求的速度。由于其压缩（GZip）和缓存机制可以有效地减少网络访问的流量，在提升速度和省电方面也起到了较大的作用。对于新的应用程序应该更加偏向于使用HttpURLConnection，因为在后续Google官方会将更多的时间放在优化HttpURLConnection上面。

Android中网络通信的几种方式

Guess you like