如何做Excel导入功能

介绍： Excel 的导入导出都是依赖于js-xlsx来实现的。
在 js-xlsx的基础上又封装了upload-excel.vue来方便导入数据。

1.下载js-xlsx插件

Excel 的导入导出都是依赖于js-xlsx来实现的 js-xlsx是必须插件

npm install xlsx -S

2. 下载或复制 Excel 的导入组件

下载地址:vue-admin-element

vue-element-admin

src

components

UploadExcel

你也可以直接把UploadExcel文件夹复制到你自己的项目中,方便复用

小白可以直接复制如下代码:

<template>
  <div>
    <input ref="excel-upload-input" class="excel-upload-input" type="file" accept=".xlsx, .xls" @change="handleClick">
    <div class="drop" @drop="handleDrop" @dragover="handleDragover" @dragenter="handleDragover">
      Drop excel file here or
      <el-button :loading="loading" style="margin-left:16px;" size="mini" type="primary" @click="handleUpload">
        Browse
      </el-button>
    </div>
  </div>
</template>

<script>
import XLSX from 'xlsx'
export default {
  props: {
    beforeUpload: Function, // eslint-disable-line
    onSuccess: Function// eslint-disable-line
  },
  data() {
    return {
      loading: false,
      excelData: {
        header: null,
        results: null
      }
    }
  },
  methods: {
    generateData({ header, results }) {
      this.excelData.header = header
      this.excelData.results = results
      this.onSuccess && this.onSuccess(this.excelData)
    },
    handleDrop(e) {
      e.stopPropagation()
      e.preventDefault()
      if (this.loading) return
      const files = e.dataTransfer.files
      if (files.length !== 1) {
        this.$message.error('Only support uploading one file!')
        return
      }
      const rawFile = files[0] // only use files[0]
      if (!this.isExcel(rawFile)) {
        this.$message.error('Only supports upload .xlsx, .xls, .csv suffix files')
        return false
      }
      this.upload(rawFile)
      e.stopPropagation()
      e.preventDefault()
    },
    handleDragover(e) {
      e.stopPropagation()
      e.preventDefault()
      e.dataTransfer.dropEffect = 'copy'
    },
    handleUpload() {
      this.$refs['excel-upload-input'].click()
    },
    handleClick(e) {
      const files = e.target.files
      const rawFile = files[0] // only use files[0]
      if (!rawFile) return
      this.upload(rawFile)
    },
    upload(rawFile) {
      this.$refs['excel-upload-input'].value = null // fix can't select the same excel
      if (!this.beforeUpload) {
        this.readerData(rawFile)
        return
      }
      const before = this.beforeUpload(rawFile)
      if (before) {
        this.readerData(rawFile)
      }
    },
    readerData(rawFile) {
      this.loading = true
      return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
        const reader = new FileReader()
        reader.onload = e => {
          const data = e.target.result
          const workbook = XLSX.read(data, { type: 'array' })
          const firstSheetName = workbook.SheetNames[0]
          const worksheet = workbook.Sheets[firstSheetName]
          const header = this.getHeaderRow(worksheet)
          const results = XLSX.utils.sheet_to_json(worksheet)
          this.generateData({ header, results })
          this.loading = false
          resolve()
        }
        reader.readAsArrayBuffer(rawFile)
      })
    },
    getHeaderRow(sheet) {
      const headers = []
      const range = XLSX.utils.decode_range(sheet['!ref'])
      let C
      const R = range.s.r
      /* start in the first row */
      for (C = range.s.c; C <= range.e.c; ++C) { /* walk every column in the range */
        const cell = sheet[XLSX.utils.encode_cell({ c: C, r: R })]
        /* find the cell in the first row */
        let hdr = 'UNKNOWN ' + C // <-- replace with your desired default
        if (cell && cell.t) hdr = XLSX.utils.format_cell(cell)
        headers.push(hdr)
      }
      return headers
    },
    isExcel(file) {
      return /\.(xlsx|xls|csv)$/.test(file.name)
    }
  }
}
</script>

<style scoped>
.excel-upload-input{
  display: none;
  z-index: -9999;
}
.drop{
  border: 2px dashed #bbb;
  width: 600px;
  height: 160px;
  line-height: 160px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  font-size: 24px;
  border-radius: 5px;
  text-align: center;
  color: #bbb;
  position: relative;
}
</style>

3.导入并使用组件组件

1.导入组件

如果在项目中有多出需要用到excel导入,建议在main.js中全局注册组件

import Vue from 'vue'
import UploadExcel from './components/UploadExcel'
Vue.component('UploadExcel', UploadExcel)

2.使用组件

如果你是全局注册,可以省去局部注册代码

<template>
  <div>
    <UploadExcel :on-success="handleSuccess" :before-upload="beforeUpload" />
  </div>
</template>
import UploadExcelfrom '@/components/UploadExcel/index.vue' // 局部注册
export default {
  components: { UploadExcel}, // 局部注册
  data() {
    return {

    }
  },
  methods: {
    beforeUpload(file) {
      const isLt1M = file.size / 1024 / 1024 < 1  // 判断传入的数据是否在1M以内  返回布尔值
      if (isLt1M) {
        return true
      }
      this.$message({
        message: '文件大于1M 请重新上传',
        type: 'warning'
      })
      return false
    }, // 你可以在上传之前做一些自己的特殊判断，如判断文件的大小是否大于 1 兆？若大于 1 兆则停止解析并提示错误信息。
    handleSuccess({ results, header }) {
       console.log('results', results)
       console.log('header', header)
    }// 解析成功时候会触发的回调函数，它会返回表格的表头和内容。
  }
}