3.15 Review of learning
Today I learned the theoretical basis of software testing, including the definition of software, software crisis and software engineering, the generation, concept and meaning of software testing, and the purpose and principles of software testing.
1. The definition of software
The definition of software is program + data + document.
According to the level, it can be classified into system software, support software, and application software; according to the scope of application, it can be classified into stand-alone software and distributed software. Among them, distributed software can be divided into C/S structure (that is, client/server structure) and B /S structure (ie browser/server) structure.
The characteristics of software are: abstraction, development and production, no wear and aging, dependence on hardware, low manual production efficiency, complexity, and high cost.
2. Software crisis and software engineering
- Software crisis refers to a series of serious problems encountered during the development and maintenance of computer software.
It mainly contains two aspects: development and maintenance.
2. Software engineering includes two aspects: software development technology and software project management.
Software development technology includes: software development methodology, software tools and software engineering environment; software project management includes: software measurement, project estimation, schedule control, personnel organization, setting management, project planning, etc.
3. The emergence, concept and significance of software testing
- The generation of background- independent software testing has found a balance between the technical connotation of the software program itself and the needs of users in specific fields, so that software programmers only need to pay attention to their own work and measure the gap between software and user needs. A time-consuming and laborious task was handed over to the testers, which greatly shortened the software development cycle.
- Concept Software testing is like the quality inspection work of a manufacturing plant, which performs quality inspection on software products and phased work results. Software testing is the process of executing a program in order to find errors. It should be concerned with factors such as the efficiency and robustness of the program, check whether the software meets the specified requirements, and clarify the difference between expected and actual results. Software bugs can cause huge harm and cause high economic losses.
- Define the process of using manual or automatic means to run or test a certain system. Its purpose is to test whether it meets the specified requirements or to clarify the difference between the expected result and the actual result.
- Steps: Develop a test plan-design test cases-implement tests-submit defect reports-test summary.
Fourth, the purpose and principles of software testing
- Purpose testing is the execution process of the program. The purpose is to find errors, to ensure that the product has completed its promised or announced functions, and that the functions that users can access have clear written instructions, to ensure that the product meets the performance and efficiency requirements, and to ensure that the product It is robust and adaptable to the user's environment.
- Principles Software testing should be carried out as early as possible, software testing should run through the entire software life cycle, software testing should be traced back to requirements, and testing should be constructed by a third party. Exhaustive testing is impossible. To follow the Good-enough principle, the expected output must be determined (Or results), each test result must be thoroughly checked, paying full attention to the clustering phenomenon in the test.