static member
Class members declared as static are called static members of the class, member variables modified with static are called static member variables ; member functions modified with static are called static member functions. Static member variables must be initialized outside the class
characteristic:
1. Static members are shared by all class objects and do not belong to a specific instance
. 2. Static member variables must be defined outside the class , without adding the static keyword when defining them
. 3. Class static members can use class names:: static members or Objects. Static members to access
4. Static member functions have no hidden this pointer and cannot access any non-static members.
5. Static members, like ordinary members of a class, also have three access levels: public, protected, and private, and they can also return
6. Static member functions cannot call non-static member functions, but non-static member functions can call static member functions.
A new method of initializing the number of members in C++11
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS 1
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class A {
public:
A(int a = 1) :_a()
{
}
void print()
{
cout << this->_a << endl;
}
private:
int _a=0; //C++11的成员初始化新方法
//此处的缺省值只有在无其他值可用时才会使用
//仅限于非static成员
};
int main()
{
A x;
x.print();
return 0;
}