The os module is commonly used to process files and manage paths. Here is a summary of the common methods of os.
os is a built-in python module, no pip install is needed when using it. Direct
import os
1 Get the current system type
os.name #分别是posix , nt , java， 对应linux/windows/java虚拟机
'nt'
2 Display the path separator in the current system
os.sep
'\\'
3 Get current work directory get current work directory
os.getcwd()
'C:\\Users\\yuanwanli'
4 List files in the current directory
os.listdir()
['Desktop', 'Documents', 'Downloads', 'Music', 'My Documents', 'Videos', 'a.png']
5 Modify the file name
os.rename('a.png','b.png') # os.rename(oldName, newName)
os.listdir()
['Desktop', 'Documents', 'Downloads', 'Music', 'My Documents', 'Videos', 'b.png']
6 Create a new directory
os.makedirs('test.txt')
os.listdir()
['Desktop', 'Documents', 'Downloads', 'Music', 'My Documents', 'Videos', 'b.png', 'test']
7 Delete the file in the specified path
os.remove('b.png')
os.listdir()
['Desktop', 'Documents', 'Downloads', 'Music', 'My Documents', 'Videos', 'test']
8 Delete the directory of the specified path
os.rmdir('test')
['Desktop', 'Documents', 'Downloads', 'Music', 'My Documents', 'Videos']
9 The absolute path of the file
os.path.abspath('Music')
'C:\\Users\\yuanwanli\\Music'
10 The upper level absolute path of the file
os.path.dirname('C:\\Users\\yuanwanli\\Music')
'C:\\Users\\yuanwanli'
11 The last directory or file of the path, if the path ends with / or \, then a null value will be returned.
os.path.basename('C:\\Users\\yuanwanli\\Music')
'Music'
12 Split the path into path and file name
os.path.split('C:\\Users\\yuanwanli\\Music')
('C:\\Users\\yuanwanli', 'Music')
13 Connection path and file name
os.path.join('C:\\Users\\yuanwanli', 'Music')
'C:\\Users\\yuanwanli\\Music'
14 Check whether the directory exists, and the existence is True
os.path.exists('test')
False
15 Check if it is a file
os.path.isfile('music')
False
16 Check whether it is a directory
os.path.isdir('music')
True