Article reference:
https://www.cnblogs.com/markLogZhu/p/11398028.html
https://www.cnblogs.com/chenmh/p/5300370.html
1. Command description
1.1 Common command format
mysqldump -u -p --databases 数据库名 > 脚本名 #备份指定数据库
mysqldump -u -p --all-databases > 脚本名 #备份所有数据库
mysqldump -u -p --databases 数据库名 --tables 表名 > 脚本名 #备份指定表
1.2 Parameter description
| parameter name | abbreviation | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| –host | -h | Server IP address |
| –port | -P | Server port number |
| –user | -u | MySQL username |
| –Pasword | -p | MySQL password |
| –databases | Specify the database to be backed up | |
| –all-databases | Back up all databases on the mysql server | |
| –compact | -C | Compressed mode, which produces less output |
| –no-data | Do not export data, only export the table structure | |
| –comments | Add comment information | |
| –complete-insert | Output completed insert statement | |
| –lock-tables | Before backup, lock all database tables | |
| –no-create-db/–no-create-info | Prohibit generating database creation statement | |
| –force | Continue the backup operation when an error occurs | |
| –default-character-set | Specify the default character set | |
| –add-locks | Lock the database table when backing up the database table |
Two, export the instance
2.1 Export all databases
This command will export all databases including system databases
mysqldump -uroot -proot --all-databases > backup/all.sql
2.2 Export all data of the two databases db1 and db2
Use a space to separate the two databases
mysqldump -uroot -proot --databases db1 db2 > backup/two_db.sql
2.3 Export tab1 and tab2 tables in db1
mysqldump -uroot -proot --databases db1 --tables tab1 tab2 > backup/two_tables.sql
Note: The export specified table can only be exported for one database, and the content of the exported table is different from the exported database. There is no judgment statement to create a database in the export text of the export specified table, only delete table-create table-import data; and Ownership of the export table. See below:
If you don't want to have a statement to create a database, you can add a parameter: -no-create-info
2.4 Export the data of tab1 table id=1 in db1
Integer field:
mysqldump -uroot -proot --databases db1 --tables tab1 --where='id=1' > backup/tab1.sql
String field:
mysqldump -uroot -proot --databases db1 --tables tab1 --where="name='a'" > backup/tab1.sql
2.5 Only export table structure without exporting data
mysqldump -uroot -proot --no-data --databases db1 > backup/db1.sql
2.6 Export data across servers
mysqldump --host=192.168.43.1 -uroot -proot --databases db1 | mysql --host=192.168.43.2 -uroot -proot db2
The ip is 192.168.43.1 all the data server database db1 imported into ip is 192.168.43.2 server db2 database, db2 database must exist otherwise an error
mysqldump --host=192.168.43.1 -uroot -proot -C --databases db1 | mysql --host=192.168.43.2 -uroot -proot db2
You can also add the parameter -C to compress and transfer to speed up the transfer
Three, import examples
3.1 System command line import
mysqladmin -uroot -p create db1
mysql -uroot -p db1 < /backup/db1.sql
Note: Before importing the backup database, if db1 does not exist, it needs to be created; and the database name is the same as the database name written in the db1.sql file before it can be imported.
3.2 Import into mysql
mysql > use db1
mysql > source /backup/db1.sql