Get yourself used to C++
This blog post and this series are my thoughts on watching "Effective C++", and I learn a little trick to improve my C++ every day.
Article 01: Treat C++ as a language federation
Today's C++ is already a multi-paradigm programming language, a language that supports procedural, object-oriented, functional, generic, and meta-programming forms at the same time.
In order to understand the C++ language you must know the main sub-language, there are four:
1.C。
C++ is based on C. Blocks, statements, preprocessors, built-in data types, arrays, and pointers all come from C. In many cases, C++'s solution to problems is just a higher-level solution. When you use the C components in C++ to deal with problems, you will find that the high-efficiency guidelines find the limitations of C: no templates, no overloads, no abnormal.
2. Object-oriented C++.
Class construction and destruction, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, virtual (virtual) function (dynamic binding)... etc.
3. Template C++.
This is the generic programming part of C++, and template-related considerations and design permeate the entire C++. The power of templates is powerful, bringing a new programming paradigm, template metaprogramming (TMP, template metaprogramming).
4.STL。
STL is a template library. It has excellent close coordination and coordination with the conventions of containers, iterators, algorithms, and function objects.
//2.面向对象C++。类的构造和析构，封装、继承、多态、virtual函数（动态绑定）.....等等。
class Base
{
public:
Base() //构造
{
//.....
}
~Base() //析构
{
//..
}
};
class Derive : public Base //Dervie类继承于Base类
{
//.....
};
//3.模板(template)C++。这是C++的泛型编程部分，模板相关的考虑与设计弥漫整个C++。模板的威力强大，带来了崭新的编程范型，template metaprogramming（TMP，模板元编程）。
//函数模板
template<typename T>
T swap01(T& a, T& b) //提供了交换数据函数的模板，以后可以传入不同数据类型的函数参数
{
T temp = a;
a = b;
b = a;
}
int swap02(int& a, int& b) //非函数模板，以后调用改函数只能传入int型的函数参数
{
int temp = a;
a = b;
b = temp;
}
//类模板
template<class T>
class A
{
public:
T m;
};
class B :public A<int> //继承类模板必须给出一个确定的类型
{
};