My MySQL DBA course:
DBA MySQL Database Engineer (2021 latest edition) Course: https://edu.51cto.com/course/27002.html Author: Zhang Yanfeng, please indicate the source
This chapter mainly introduces the actual combat of MySQL+Keepalived high-availability architecture, and lists the detailed operation process. MySQL database will definitely be exposed in daily operation and maintenance, so playing ⑥ MySQL architecture and daily operation and maintenance is the key to our salary increase.
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MySQL+Keepalived configuration:
Environmental description
Prepare 4 servers
surroundings |
IP |
software |
Description |
db01 main library |
192.168.43.101 |
mysql、keepalived |
101 and 102 are master and slave 103 and 104 are master and slave |
db02 slave library |
192.168.43.102 |
mysql |
|
db03 main library |
192.168.43.103 |
mysql、keepalived |
|
db04 slave library |
192.168.43.104 |
mysql |
VIP：192.168.43.200
Prepare four installed mysql servers, the operations are as follows:
1. Download and upload the software to /server/tools
mkdir -p /server/tools
cd /server/tools/
Upload package
2. Decompression software
tar zxvf mysql-5.7.31-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
mkdir /application
mv mysql-5.7.31-el7-x86_64 /application/mysql
yum remove mariadb-libs -y
useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
echo "export PATH=/application/mysql/bin:$PATH" >>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile
mysql -V
3. Create a data path and authorize
mkfs.xfs /dev/sdb
[root@localhost ~]# blkid
/dev/sdb: UUID="4f4bed6c-4d81-434d-918d-8148a6591d84" TYPE="xfs"
[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/fstab
UUID="4f4bed6c-4d81-434d-918d-8148a6591d84" /data xfs defaults 0 0
mkdir /data
mount -a
4. Authorization
chown -R mysql.mysql /application/*
chown -R mysql.mysql /data
5. Initialize data (create system data)
mkdir /data/mysql/data -p
chown -R mysql.mysql /data
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
6. Preparation of configuration files
cat >/etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
user=mysql
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server_id=6
port=3306
[mysql]
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
EOF
7, start the database
cat >/etc/systemd/system/mysqld.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=MySQL Server
Documentation=man:mysqld(8)
Documentation=http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html
After=network.target
After=syslog.target
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
[Service]
User=mysql
Group=mysql
ExecStart=/application/mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf
LimitNOFILE = 5000
EOF
systemctl restart mysqld.service
Tip: After finishing, if you are using vm, you can do a snapshot operation
1. Clean up the environment (all nodes)
mkdir /data/binlog
chown mysql.mysql /data/*
pkill mysqld
\rm -rf /data/mysql/data/*
\rm -rf /data/binlog/*
2. Prepare the configuration file
#db01：
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql/
datadir=/data/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server_id=1
port=3306
secure-file-priv=/tmp
autocommit=0
log_bin=/data/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
[mysql]
prompt=db01 [\\d]>
EOF
# db02 ：
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server_id=2
port=3306
secure-file-priv=/tmp
autocommit=0
log_bin=/data/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
[mysql]
prompt=db02 [\\d]>
EOF
# db03 ：
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server_id=3
port=3306
secure-file-priv=/tmp
autocommit=0
log_bin=/data/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
[mysql]
prompt=db03 [\\d]>
EOF
#db04：
cat > /etc/my.cnf <<EOF
[mysqld]
basedir=/application/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
server_id=4
port=3306
secure-file-priv=/tmp
autocommit=0
log_bin=/data/binlog/mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
gtid-mode=on
enforce-gtid-consistency=true
log-slave-updates=1
[mysql]
prompt=db04 [\\d]>
EOF
3. Initialize data (all 4 units are executed)
mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
4. Start the database (all three are executed)
systemctl restart mysqld
5. Build master-slave
db01 <==> db03
db01 <== db02
db03 <== db04
#db01 and db03:
grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'192.168.43.%' identified by '123';
#db01：
change master to
master_host='192.168.43.103',
master_user='repl',
master_password='123' ,
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
start slave;
# db02 ：
change master to
master_host='192.168.43.101',
master_user='repl',
master_password='123' ,
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
start slave;
# db03 ：
change master to
master_host='192.168.43.101',
master_user='repl',
master_password='123' ,
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
start slave;
#db04：
change master to
master_host='192.168.43.103',
master_user='repl',
master_password='123' ,
MASTER_AUTO_POSITION=1;
start slave;
6. Configure the master/scheduled Keepalived (101 and 103 machines) (configure on the master library)
101 machines:
[root@master ~]# yum -y install keepalived
[root@master ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id mysql1
}
vrrp_script check_run {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh"
interval 5
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 88
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
check_run
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.43.200
}
}
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart keepalived
103 machines:
[root@backup ~]# yum -y install keepalived
[root@backup ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
router_id mysql2
}
vrrp_script check_run {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh"
interval 5
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER
interface ens33
virtual_router_id 88
priority 50
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
check_run
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.43.200
}
}
[root@backup ~]# systemctl restart keepalived
7. Configure the mysql status detection script (the same script for the two MySQL)
[root@master ~]# vi /etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh
#!/bin/bash
/usr/bin/mysql -uroot -e "show status" &>/dev/null
if [ $? != 0 ];then
systemctl stop keepalived
be
[root@master ~]# chmod a+x /etc/keepalived/check_mysql.sh
[root@master ~]# systemctl restart keepalived
8. Test
C:\Users\岩峰>mysql -urepl -p123 -h 192.168.43.200
mysql> create database db1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| db1 |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
[root@master ~]# systemctl stop mariadb
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| test |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)