After the HCIE exam enters the interview session, it is necessary to systematically review and organize the knowledge involved in the entire network engineering.
The author is an old Wang worker who has been engaged in network engineering for many years. In the systematic sorting phase, the author will sort out the knowledge points that he thinks need special memorization. In order to avoid lengthy articles, this article only focuses on the knowledge points that need to be memorized. Organize, ignore simple and basic content.
It is recommended that readers already have HCIE certification from other manufacturers , or have good basic network knowledge. I hope it will be helpful to the follow-up candidates.
The following directory, you can refer to the directory to quickly check the content of interest, and where to click it.
Directory
1. The difference between STP and RSTP and its extension
1. Briefly describe the difference between STP and RSTP 2. The difference between
STP and RSTP port roles and port status
2.1. STP port role:
2.2, STP port status
2.3, RSTP port role
2.4, RSTP port status
3, RSTP added protection mechanism
4, RSTP added P/A mechanism
5, STP and RSTP difference in TC processing mechanism
6 , RSTP has a shorter timeout timer
2. MSTP related knowledge points
1. Comparison of three spanning tree protocols
2. MSTP basic concept
2.1, the three elements of MSTP domain
2.2, the concept of CST IST CIST MSTI
2.3, regional root, total The concept of root and master bridge
3. MSTP newly added port role
3.1, Master port
3.2, domain edge port
3. Summarize the various anti-ring mechanisms of the second and third layers
1, the second layer of anti-ring
2, the three-layer of anti-ring
four , PPP related knowledge points
1, the process of establishing a connection
2, LCP negotiation field
3, PAP and CHAP
4, the function of LCP
5, PPP multi-link
6, PPPOE
5. Overall comparison
of various routing protocols 1. External and internal priority of
each routing protocol 2. The underlying protocol of each routing protocol
3. The update mechanism of various routing protocols
6. OSPF related knowledge points
1. Factors affecting the establishment of OSPF neighbors
2. OSPF connection establishment process
2.1, neighbor relationship establishment process (DOWN->Init->2-Way stage)
2.1.1, process diagram
2.1.2, message screenshot
2.1.3, system debug log
2.2, neighbor relationship establishment process (2 -way->Full stage)
2.2.1, process diagram
2.2.2, process detailed description
2.2.3, system ebug log
2.3, the difference between neighbors and adjacencies
2.4, DR/BDR election
3, the difference between OSPF-DR and ISIS-DIS
4. OSPF routing calculation
4.1, routing comparison principle
4.2, intra-area SPF algorithm
4.3, inter-area routing transmission
5. LSA overview
5.1, LSA type
5.2, LSA three elements
5.3, LSA flooding in the area
5.4, LSA identification and update
Detailed explanation of LSA 5.5, LSA message field value
5.6, Various LSA overhead
5.7, Various LSA summary
6, Detailed explanation of various LSA
7. Comprehensive analysis of LSA
8. OSPF fast convergence features
9. OSPF route filtering
9.1 Process under
9.2 Area under
9.3 Under interface
9.4 Filtering during summary
10. OSPF anti-loop mechanism
11, virtual link loop problem
12, OSPF route withdrawal
13, Differences between OSPFv2 and v3
7. ISIS-related knowledge points
1, ISIS message type
2, factors affecting ISIS neighbor establishment
3, ISIS neighbor establishment process
4, ISIS LSP related knowledge points
4.1 LSP id composition format
4.2 LSP old and new
4.3 LSP synchronization
4.3. 1. P2P network
4.3.2, MA network
4.3.3, P2P and MA network LSDB reliability and synchronization mechanism
4.4, LSP type identifier
4.4.1, P
4.4.2, ATT
4.4.3, overload
4.4.4, IS TYPE
5, ISIS route withdrawal
6, ISIS routing calculation
6.1, intra-area
6.2, inter-area
6.2.1, L2 area access to L1 area routing
6.2.2, L1 area access to L2 area routing
6.2.3, routing leakage
6.3, routing principle
7, ISIS certification
7.1, interface certification
7.2, area certification
7.3, routing domain certification
8, ISIS fast convergence features
9, ISIS and OSPF comparison summary
10, ISIS support for IPV6
8, Knowledge points about BGP and MPLS
1. BGP message type
2. BGP neighbor establishment process
3. Factors affecting BGP neighbor establishment
4. BGP attributes
5.
BGP routing principles 6. BGP route withdrawal
7. BGP security mechanism
7.1. Authentication
7.2 , GTSM
8, BGP anti-ring mechanism
8.1, intra-AS
8.2, inter-AS
8.3, RR anti-ring
8.4, alliance anti-ring
9, IBGP and EBGP routing characteristics
10, BGP routing invalid scenario
9, MPLS and LSP related knowledge points
1 , MPLS message structure
2, MPLS architecture
2.1, RIB
2.2, LIB
2.3, FIB
2.4, LFIB
3, MPLS label structure
4, MPLS to TTL processing
5. LDP neighbor establishment process
6. LDP label release and management
7. RD and RT
8. CE dual-homing ring protection
8.1, CE-side OSPF dual-homing
8.2, CE-side BGP dual-homing
8.3, CE-side ISIS dual-homing
8.4, sham -link
9. Cross-domain MPLS
9.1, Option A
9.2, Option B
9.3, Option C solution one
9.4, Option C solution two
10, the impact of route summarization in the MPLS environment
11, LSP cross-domain extension (summary)
10. Multicast
1 , Multicast address
1.1, Multicast IPv4 address
1.2, Multicast MAC address
2, IGMP
2.1, IGMP version difference
2.1.1, IGMPv1
2.1.2, IGMPv2
2.1.3, IGMPv3
3, IGMP snooping
4, multicast Service model
5, PIM related
5.1, DM working mechanism
5.2, SM working mechanism
5.3, the role of RPF
11. IPV6 related knowledge points
1, IPv6 address type
2, IPv6 header structure
2.1 IPv4 header
2.2, IPv6 header
2.3, IPv6 extended header
3, IPv6 address host bit ID generation method
3.1, manual configuration
3.2, operating system custom rules
3.3, EUI-64 rules
4, NDP protocol and ICMPv6 message
4.1, Various functions
of NDP 4.2, ICMPv6 messages used by NDP
4.3, focus, address resolution (ARP
in IPv6 ) 6, IPv6 transition mechanism
6.1, dual stack
6.2, IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel
6.3, IPv6 over IPv4 tunnel
12. Feature Feature
1, DHCP
1.1, DHCP address acquisition process
1.1.1, discovery phase
1.1.2, provision phase
1.1.3, selection phase
1.1.4, confirmation phase
1.2, DHCP lease renewal process
1.3, DHCP relay
1.3.1 The three parameters in the DHCP relay
1.3.2, Option 82 option
1.4, DHCP message encyclopedia
2, VRRP
2.1, VRRP protocol principle
2.2, VRRP special priority
2.3, VRRP failure recovery time
2.4. Possibility of VRRP dual master situation
3. FTP's active mode and passive mode problem
4. NAT
4.1, static NAT
4.2, dynamic NAT
4.3, NAPT
4.4, NAPT to ICMP conversion
5. NQA and BFD
5.1, NQA and BFD Comparison
5.2, NQA test type
5.3, BFD session establishment method
5.4, BFD one-arm echo principle
6, URPF
7, SNMP
7.1, SNMP version difference
7.2, SNMPv3 is more secure than v1 and v2c
8, NTP
8.1, NTP principle
8.2, NTP version
9, NetStream
9.1, data flow classification
9.2, flow aging method
9.3, data sampling method
13. QoS
1, congestion management
2, congestion avoidance
2.1, DropTail tail drop
2.2, RED
2.3, WRED
2.4, TCP starvation problem
2.5, TCP global synchronization issues
3. Traffic policing and shaping
3.1, traffic policing TP
3.2, traffic shaping TS
4. Queue and token bucket algorithm
14. Security
1. Common security technology
2. 802.1x
3. IPSec
3.1, SA
3.2, IKE
3.3, IPSEC security protocol (message encapsulation)
3.4, IPSec encryption, decryption and verification Process
15. SDN
1, VxLAN
1.1, VxLAN packet encapsulation
1.2, VxLAN related concepts
1.3, VxLAN gateway
1.3.1, Layer 2 gateway
1.3.2, Layer 3 gateway
2, EV PN
2.2, EV PN basic concept
2.2, BGP EV PN routing type
2.2.1, Type 2 routing-MAC/IP routing
2.2.2, Type 3 routing-Inclusive Multicast routing
2.2.3, Type 5 routing-IP prefix routing