Software testing can be said to be the highlight of software development. The last process after a software is developed is software testing. The result of the test is related to whether the software can be put into use normally, and achieve the expected purpose, as well as adding all the matters how to deal with problems and bugs. It can be said that software testing is directly related to the survival of this software program.
Generally speaking, software testing begins when the project is established, and it has to go through some major links before and after: requirement analysis → test plan → test design → test environment construction → test execution → test record → defect management → software evaluation → RTM.
Before elaborating on related issues, we first clarify the division of labor. Generally speaking, requirements analysis, test case writing, test environment construction, test execution, etc. belong to the scope of test developers, while test execution and defect submission belong to ordinary testers. In the scope of work, the person in charge of the test is responsible for the tracking, implementation, and management of all aspects of the test.
Each link of the above process does not include all the software testing process. For example, some test plan review, use case review, test training, etc. can also be implemented according to the actual situation. After the software is officially released, when some serious problems are encountered, some follow-up maintenance tests are required. In addition, the above links are not independent and unrelated. The actual work is ever-changing. It is inevitable that all links are intertwined and overlapped. For example, the test environment can be set up while writing test cases. Of course, it may also be renewed due to unclear requirements. Carry out demand analysis, etc. This is the same as our country's proposal to build a socialist country with Chinese characteristics. It only has Chinese characteristics because of different national conditions. Therefore, in the actual testing process, specific problems must be analyzed and resolved in detail.
Software testing process
demand analysis
Requirment Analyzing should be said to be an important part of software testing. How the test developer understands this part will directly affect the subsequent development of related testing work.
Some people may think that test requirements analysis is irrelevant. This idea is very wrong. Demand analysis is not only important, but also vital!
Generally speaking, demand analysis includes software function demand analysis, test environment demand analysis, and test resource demand analysis.
One of the most basic is the software function requirements analysis. To test a piece of software, you must first know what functions the software can achieve and how to achieve it. For example, a Smartphone includes functions such as VoIP, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth. Then we should know how the software realizes these functions, what test equipment is needed to realize these functions and how to build the corresponding test environment, etc., otherwise the test will be impossible!
Now that we talked about demand analysis, what should we analyze based on? We can't imagine it out of thin air.
In general, the basis for testing requirements analysis is software requirements documents, software specifications, and developers’ design documents. It is believed that companies that manage some specifications have these documents in the software development process.
Test Plan
The test plan (Test Plan) is generally written by the person in charge of the test.
The basis of the test plan is mainly based on the project development plan and the results of the test requirements analysis. The test plan generally includes the following aspects:
1. Test background
a. Software project introduction;
b. The introduction of the personnel involved in the project (such as the person in charge of the software and hardware project, etc.) and the corresponding contact information.
2. Test basis
a. Software requirements document;
b. Software specification;
c. Software design documents;
d. Others, such as reference products, etc.
3. Test resources
a. Test equipment requirements;
b. Tester requirements;
c. Test environment requirements;
d. Others.
4. Test strategy
a. Take test methods;
b. What test environment to build;
c. What testing tools are used to test management tools;
d. Train testers, etc.
5. Test schedule
a. Test requirement analysis;
b. Test case writing;
c. Test implementation, according to the project plan, which test phases the test is divided into (such as unit test, integration test, system test phase, α, β test phase, etc.), the focus of each phase and the input resources, etc.
6. Others.
The test plan should also include information such as the date and author of the test plan. The more detailed the plan, the better.
The plan cannot keep up with the changes. No matter how good a plan is, when it is actually implemented, it is often difficult to follow the original plan. For example, in the process of software development, lack of resources and personnel flow will have a certain impact on testing. Therefore, these require the person in charge of testing to be able to control from the macro level. It's best to be able to deal with changes freely and not be surprised.
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