1.
Error A, the Gini coefficient, refers to a commonly used internationally used indicator to measure the income gap of residents in a country or region. The maximum Gini coefficient is "1" and the minimum is equal to "0". The closer the Gini coefficient is to 0, the more equal the income distribution is. The Engel's coefficient is one of the main criteria for measuring the wealth of a family or a country. The Engel's coefficient is higher than poverty, food and clothing, well-off, rich, lower than the richest.
Item B error, Engel's coefficient, is the proportion of total food expenditure to total personal consumption expenditure. The decrease in Engel's coefficient is accompanied by a decrease in the proportion of total food expenditure in total personal consumption expenditure, rather than a decrease in the amount of food expenditure.
Item C is wrong. Gross domestic product (GDP) refers to the final outcome of the production activities of all resident units in a country (or region) during a certain period of time calculated at national market prices. It is often recognized as the most important measure of the country’s economic conditions. Good indicators. In principle, the scope of GDP accounting includes the economic activities of all resident units that have economic interests within the scope of China's economic territory. Therefore, the new value created by KFC China every year should be included in China's GDP.
Item D is correct. The gross national product (GNP) is the final result of the initial income distribution of all resident units in a country (or region) within a certain period (usually a year). It is the total value of the final products and services possessed by the owner of the country's production factors in a certain period of time. It is equal to GDP plus net factor income from domestic and foreign sources. Therefore, the new value created by Huawei's European branch each year should be included in China's GNP.
Therefore, the correct answer is D.
2. Crickets and cicadas
3.
3. Item A is correct. The main part of cabbage food is leaves. Nitrogen-containing inorganic salts can promote cell division and growth, making plants flourish. Therefore, it is necessary to apply more nitrogen fertilizer during the growth of cabbage.
Item B error, budding reproduction is also called budding, which is one of the methods of asexual reproduction. The "bud" in "sprouting reproduction" refers to the larvae separated from the mother, rather than the actual bud (germinated bud) structure on higher plants. Vegetative reproduction is a part of the vegetative organs of higher plants-roots, stems, and leaves, which develop into a new individual after being detached from the mother. Nutritional reproduction is one of the common asexual reproduction methods. The way garlic uses garlic cloves to reproduce is to use its stems for vegetative reproduction.
Item C is wrong. When the concentration of the aqueous solution around the cell is greater than the concentration of the cell fluid, the cell will lose water. When pickling cucumbers with salt, because the concentration of the cucumber cell sap is less than the concentration of the saline solution, it will cause the cucumber cells to lose water, which will cause the cucumber to become soft and shrink.
Item D is wrong. The structure of mung bean seeds includes: seed coat and embryo, and embryo includes radicle, embryo, hypocotyl and cotyledon. Among them, the seed coat plays a role in protecting the internal structure of the seed; the radicle eventually develops into the main root of the plant; the hypocotyl eventually develops into the part connecting the stem and the root; the embryo eventually develops into the stem and leaves of the plant. The sprouts of mung bean sprouts are light yellow and small, and they are easy to fall off. Therefore, the white and tender parts of the mung bean sprouts that are eaten are developed from the hypocotyls.
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
4. Historical order
The historical dynasties of China mainly include Xia, Shang, Zhou, Qin, Han, Three Kingdoms, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Ten Kingdoms, Song, Liao, Xixia, Jin, Yuan, Ming, Qing, Republic of China, China People's republic.
The specific dynasty years are as follows:
Xia Dynasty: approximately 2029 BC-approximately 1559 BC, total: 471
Shang Dynasty: approximately 1559 BC-approximately 1046 BC, total: 438
Zhou Dynasty: approximately 1046 BC Year-256 BC, divided into Western Zhou, Eastern Zhou, Eastern Zhou is divided into Spring and Autumn, Warring States, total: 867
Qin Dynasty: 221 BC-206 BC, 221 BC Qin King Yingzheng unified the six kingdoms, the first name Emperor, total: 16 years
Western Chu: 206 BC-202 BC, Western Chu Overlord Xiang Yu, total: 5 years
Western Han Dynasty: 202 BC-8 AD, Han Gaozu Liu Bang, total: 210
New Dynasty: The twelfth lunar month in 8 AD-October 6, 23 AD, the new Taizu Jianxing Emperor Wang Mang, total: 16 years
Xuan Han: 23-25 AD, the first emperor of Han Liu Xuan, total: 3 years
Eastern Han Dynasty: 25-220 AD Years, Emperor Guangwu of Han Dynasty Liu Xiu, total: 196
Three Kingdoms: 220-280 AD, Wei, Shu, and Wu stand together, total: 61
Jin Dynasty: 265-420 AD, divided into Western Jin (265-316), Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420), total: 156 years,
Southern and Northern Dynasties: AD 420-589, total: 170 years,
Sui Dynasty: AD 581-618 AD, Sui Wendi Yang Jian, total: 38 years
Tang Dynasty: AD 618-907 , Tang Gaozu Li Yuan, total: 290 years
Five Dynasties: 907-960 AD, Houliang, Later Tang, Hou Jin, Hou Han, Hou Zhou, total: 54 years
Ten Kingdoms: 891-979 AD, total: 89 years
Song Dynasty: 960-1279 AD, divided into Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127 AD) and Southern Song Dynasty (1127-1279 AD), total: 320
Yuan Dynasty: 1271 AD -1368, Yuan Taizu Beier Zhijin·Tiemuzhen, total: 98
Ming Dynasty: 1368-1644 AD, Ming Taizu Zhu Yuanzhang, total: 277
Qing Dynasty: 1644-1912 AD, Qing Taizu Ai Xinjue Luo Nurhachi, total: 268 years
Republic of China: 1912-1949 AD, Sun Yat-sen, total: 37 years
People's Republic of China: 1949-present
5. Historical common sense
The "seven sages of the bamboo forest" refer to the seven people of Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Shan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling, Wang Rong and Ruan Xian during the Wei Zhengshi period of the Three Kingdoms (240-249). Because he often drank and sang under the bamboo forest in Shanyang County at that time, he was called the seven sages in the world, and was later collectively named with the place name Bamboo Forest.
Error A, "Four Books" refers to "The Analects", "Daxue", "The Doctrine of the Mean" and "Mencius", and "Five Classics" refers to the five Confucian classics of "Book of Songs", "Shangshu", "Book of Rites", "Book of Changes" and "Chunqiu". Southern Song philosopher Zhu Xi commented on "The Analects of Confucius" and extracted "The Doctrine of the Mean" and "The Great Daxue" from the "Book of Rites", divided into chapters and sentences, annotated, and accompanied by "Mencius", titled "Four Books and Chapters Annotation", the name of "Four Books" Thus established. Therefore, the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove" cannot appear in the "Four Books, Chapters, and Annotations" in the age when they lived.
Item B is wrong, sweet potato, also called sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, etc. In 1593 AD, Chen Zhenlong, the father of Chinese sweet potatoes, introduced sweet potatoes. Chen Zhenlong was born during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, it is impossible for sweet potatoes to appear in the life of the "seven sages of the bamboo forest".
C error, the township examination is the first-level examination of the imperial examinations of the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is held every three years in all provinces and cities (including the capital). Because the examination period is in August, which is in the fall, the township examination is also called "Qiuwei". The imperial examinations lasted more than 1,300 years from the inception of the Sui Dynasty to the 31st year of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1905) until the last academic examination was held (the last imperial examination in the world ended in the Nguyen Dynasty of Vietnam in 1919). The "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove" lived in the time when it was impossible to see the scene of the township test being released.
Item D is correct. During Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Zhang Qian made an envoy to the Western Regions and introduced grapes to China. Therefore, the age of the "seven sages of the bamboo forest" can grow vines.
Therefore, the correct answer is D.