table of Contents
- CocoaPods installation
- CocoaPods use
- Introduction to CocoaPods principle
1. CocoaPods installation
CocoaPods using the Ruby scripting language, so we need to have Ruby Mac environment. The Mac is equipped with a built-Ruby, but lower than the regular version, we need to upgrade to a newer version.
Upgrading Rubywe need to use its version management tools RVM, Therefore, we need to install it first RVM. The installation RVMprocess will automatically Homebrewinstall the dependency package, which Homebrewis a software package management tool under the macOS platform.
So our entire installation sequence is Homebrew~> RVM~> Ruby.
Next we will execute a series of installers in the Mac terminal.
You
may need to enter a password during the installation of Homebrew . Note that the cursor does not respond when you enter the password.
Drink a cup ☕️, this process is a bit long...
/bin/bash -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install.sh)"
View version
brew -v
Install RVM
curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
Check the version (it may be prompted to reopen the terminal or open another one)
rvm -v
Upgrade Ruby to
view the current local Ruby version
rvm list
List all known Ruby versions
rvm list known
Choose the latest installation. Have a drink ☕️, this step is also time-consuming...
rvm install 2.7.0
Specify the version just installed as the system default version
rvm use 2.7.0 --default
Replace Ruby default source
Ruby default source is not accessible in China, so you need to replace the Ruby mirror. The gem command will be used, gem is a standard package for managing Ruby libraries and programs.
Remove the system default source
gem sources --remove https://rubygems.org/
Add new source
gem source -a https://gems.ruby-china.com
Check whether the replacement is successful
gem sources -l
Install CocoaPods
sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods
Update the index files of all third-party libraries to the local directory
pod setup
Then search for a library, if you don't execute it pod setup, after searching: wq exit.
pod search FMDB
Query version
pod --version
At this point, CocoaPods is installed.
2. Use of CocoaPods
cd to the project directory:
cd /Users/kang/Desktop/KKPodsDemo
Create a Podfile file:
touch Podfile
Use vim to edit the file, or double-click the file to open it for editing.
vim Podfile
Type i to enter the input mode:
[光标]
~
~
~
"Podfile" 0L, 0C
Pod third-party library:
platform :ios, '9.0'
target `KKPodsDemo` do
pod 'AFNetworking'
pod 'FMDB'
end
Then press to Escexit the input mode, then :wqsave and exit.
Then execute the update operation and wait for the third-party library to be downloaded:
pod install
If you need to add a library later, you only need to perform an update operation:
pod update
After completion, there will be an additional xcworkspace:
Then we use this workspace to open the project, and we can see that the third-party library has been loaded:
3. Introduction to CocoaPods principle
We know that the implementation of End pod installafter, our project directory xcworkspace more than a workspace and project Pods. Pods third-party libraries are placed to manage the project, which will be compiled into third-party libraries .aor .frameworklibrary project calls for Pods, and Pods will generate a libPods-XXX.alibrary for our original engineering project. As shown in the figure:
Open the TARGET of KKPodsDemo, click Build Settings, search and searchview the project header file reference:
We see that the header files of the third-party library are referenced, and these header files have been copied in the folder under the Pods project:
This way we can directly reference third-party libraries in our project:
#import "AFNetworking.h"
#import "FMDB.h"
Of course, here is just a brief discussion on the implementation principle of CocoaPods, and will not continue to explore more details (such as system dependencies and compilation parameters, etc.).