1. Check the system environment
[root@mysql ~]# uname -r
3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64
[root@mysql ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS Linux release 7.6.1810 (Core)
2. Uninstall mariadb
PS: Because the centos7 version has mariadb installed by default, it needs to be uninstalled in advance.
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
[root@mysql ~]# rpm -e mariadb-libs --nodeps mariadb-libs
3. Install dependencies
Install dependent software
[root@mysql ~]# yum -y install openssl openssl-devel gcc gcc-c++ m4
cmake
PS: Since the conventional configure compilation method has been abandoned since MySQL 5.5, a CMake compiler is required to set the compilation parameters of mysql. Such as: installation directory, data storage directory, character encoding, sorting rules, etc.
[root@mysql ~]# wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v3.18/cmake-3.18.1.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf cmake-3.18.1.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd cmake-3.18.1/
[root@mysql cmake-3.18.5]# ./bootstrap && gmake && gmake install
[root@mysql cmake-3.18.5]# cmake -version
cmake version 3.18.1
CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).
ncurses
PS: Character terminal processing library
[root@mysql ~]# wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/ncurses/ncurses-6.2.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf ncurses-6.2.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd ncurses-6.2/
[root@mysql ncurses-6.2]# ./configure && make && make install
bison
PS: C/C++ syntax analyzer under Linux
[root@mysql ~]# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/bison/bison-3.6.3.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf bison-3.6.3.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd bison-3.6.3/
[root@mysql bison-3.6.3]# ./configure && make && make install
bootst
PS: Starting from MySQL 5.7.5, the Boost library is necessary. The C++ Boost library is used in the mysql source code. Boost 1.59.0 or above must be installed. GCC is a C language compilation tool under Linux. The mysql source code is compiled entirely by C and Written in C++, GCC must be installed
[root@mysql ~]# wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/boost/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# mv boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/boost
4. Create users and groups and directories
[root@mysql ~]# groupadd -r mysql && useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false -M mysql #新建 msyql 组和 msyql 用户禁止登录 shell
[root@mysql ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql #创建目录
[root@mysql ~]# mkdir /usr/local/mysql/data #创建数据库目录
5. Compile and install MySQL
Unzip and install
[root@mysql ~]# wget http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.32.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# tar zxf mysql-5.7.32.tar.gz
[root@mysql ~]# cd mysql-5.7.32/
[root@mysql mysql-5.7.32]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH-SYSTEMD=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost && make -j 4 && make install
| parameter | meaning |
|---|---|
| -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql | Root directory of MySQL installation |
| -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data | MySQL database file storage directory |
| -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc | The directory where the MySQL configuration file is located |
| -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 | Add MYISAM engine support |
| -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 | Add InnoDB engine support |
| -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 | Add ARCHIVE engine support |
| -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock | Specify mysql.sock location |
| -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 | Install support database partition |
| -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all | Make MySQL support all extended characters |
| -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 | Set MySQL's default character set to utf8 |
| -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci | Set the default character set collation rules |
| -DWITH-SYSTEMD = 1 | You can use systemd to control the mysql service |
| -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost | Point to the directory where the boost library is located |
make -j 4 && make install
- -j: Specifies the number of threads during compilation according to the number of CPU cores, which can speed up compilation. The default is 1 thread compilation.
Optimization path
[root@mysql ~]# tail -1 /etc/profile
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@mysql ~]# source /etc/profile
6. Create a configuration file
[root@mysql ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql #创建目录
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data #数据库目录
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid #mysql进程
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.err #错误日志
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock #可以socket文件方式登录mysql
7. Set permissions and initialize MySQL
[root@mysql ~]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@mysql mysql-5.7.32]# ll /usr/local/mysql/
总用量 268
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 4096 11月 19 22:07 bin
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 6 11月 19 21:53 data
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 55 11月 19 22:07 docs
drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 4096 11月 19 22:07 include
drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 192 11月 19 22:07 lib
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 247914 9月 23 20:00 LICENSE
drwxr-xr-x 4 mysql mysql 30 11月 19 22:07 man
drwxr-xr-x 10 mysql mysql 4096 11月 19 22:07 mysql-test
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 587 9月 23 20:00 README
-rw-r--r-- 1 mysql mysql 587 9月 23 20:00 README-test
drwxr-xr-x 28 mysql mysql 4096 11月 19 22:07 share
drwxr-xr-x 2 mysql mysql 90 11月 19 22:07 support-files
drwxr-xr-x 3 mysql mysql 17 11月 19 22:07 usr
[root@mysql mysql-5.7.32]# mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
- To initialize the operation as root, add the -user=mysql parameter to generate a random password (note that it is used when saving the login)
- If you use the -initialize parameter to initialize the system database, a temporary password for the root user will be generated
8. Start MySQL
[root@mysql ~]# cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
[root@mysql ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service
......
ExecStartPre=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd #修改为自己设置的mysql路径
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid $MYSQLD_OPTS ##修改为自己设置的mysql路径
......
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl start mysqld.service
[root@mysql ~]# systemctl enable mysqld.service
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/mysqld.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service.
[root@mysql ~]# ss -lnt | grep 3306
LISTEN 0 80 :::3306 :::*
9. Log in to MySQL
[root@mysql ~]# cat /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.err | grep password
2020-11-19T14:09:35.532890Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: fFqNp#ty>6/?
[root@mysql ~]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.32
Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> alter user root@localhost identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
change Password
[root@mysql ~]# mysqladmin -u root -p password '123456'
Enter password: 123456
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Warning: Since password will be sent to server in plain text, use ssl connection to ensure password safety.