table of Contents
- 1. LNMP related concepts
- Two, install Nginx service
- Three, install MySQL service
-
- 1. Install the Mysql environment dependency package
- 2. Create a running user
- 3. Compile and install
- 4. Modify the mysql configuration file
- 5. Change the owner group of the mysql installation directory and configuration file
- 6. Set the path environment variable
- 7. Initialize the database
- 8. Add mysqld system service
- 9. Modify the mysql login password
- Fourth, install and configure the PHP parsing environment
- 5. Deploy the Discz community forum web application
Related installation package
link: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1LysiQyLqHlmzZ5zWiCYDYQ
extraction code: 8wio
1. LNMP related concepts
- LNMP is: the website server architecture of Nginx+MySQL+PHP under Linux system.
- Compared with LAMP, the difference is the web server program-Nginx (LNMP) and Apache (LAMP)
- Nginx is a high-performance HTTP and reverse proxy server, as well as an IMAP/POP3/SMTP proxy server.
| Comparison item | Nginx | Apache |
|---|---|---|
| Configuration file | concise | complex |
| Use of resources | Nginx saves resources more than Apache | Take up more resources |
| Suitable for website status | Static | Dynamic interaction |
Generally speaking, for web services that require performance, use nginx.
If you don’t need performance and just want stability, consider apache
Two, install Nginx service
premise
#关防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
setenforce 0
1. Install dependencies
#nginx的配置及运行需要pcre、zlib等软件包的支持，因此需要安装这些安装的开发包，以便提供相应的库和头文件。
yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel gcc gcc-c++ make
2. Create a running user
- The Nginx service program runs as nobody by default. It is recommended to create a special user account for it to control its access permissions more accurately
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
3. Compile and install
cd /opt/
tar zxvf nginx-1.12.0.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.12.0/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_stub_status_module
#-----配置命令解释
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx #指定nginx的安装路径
--user=nginx #指定用户名
--group=nginx #指定组名
--with-http_stub_status_module #启用 http_stub_status_module 模块以支持状态统计
#-----
make && make install
4. Path optimization
#将应用程序nginx中可执行的命令做个软链接到环境路径变量中，让系统识别nginx的操作命令
ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin/
5. Add Nginx system service
vim /lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
[Unit]
Description=nginx
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid
ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
ExecrReload=/bin/kill -s HUP $MAINPID
ExecrStop=/bin/kill -s QUIT $MAINPID
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
chmod 754 /lib/systemd//system/nginx.service
systemctl start nginx.service
systemctl enable nginx.service
Three, install MySQL service
1. Install the Mysql environment dependency package
yum -y install \
ncurses \
ncurses-devel \
bison \
cmake
#--------环境包解释------------
ncurses #字符终端下图形互动功能的动态库
ncurses-devel #ncurses开发包
bison #语法分析器
cmake #mysql需要用cmake编译安装
2. Create a running user
useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
3. Compile and install
cd /opt
tar zxvf mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
cd /opt/mysql-5.7.20/
cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOST=boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1
make && make install
注意：如果在CMAKE的过程中有报错，当报错解决后，需要把源码目录中的CMakeCache.txt文件删除，然后再重新CMAKE，否则错误依旧
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql #指定mysql的安装路径
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock #指定mysql进程监听套接字文件（数据库连接文件）的存储路径
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc #指定配置文件的存储路径
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR=/usr/local/mysql #指定进程文件的存储路径
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 #指定默认使用的字符集编码，如 utf8
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci #指定默认使用的字符集校对规则
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all #指定支持其他字符集编码
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 #安装INNOBASE存储引擎
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 #安装ARCHIVE存储引擎
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 #安装BLACKHOLE存储引擎
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 #安装FEDERATED存储引擎
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data #指定数据库文件的存储路径
-DWITH_BOOST=boost #指定boost的路径，若使用mysql和boost集成包安装则-DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1 #生成便于systemctl管理的文件
存储引擎选项：
#MYISAM，MERGE，MEMORY，和CSV引擎是默认编译到服务器中，并不需要明确地安装。
#静态编译一个存储引擎到服务器，使用-DWITH_engine_STORAGE_ENGINE= 1
#可用的存储引擎值有：ARCHIVE, BLACKHOLE, EXAMPLE, FEDERATED, INNOBASE (InnoDB), PARTITION (partitioning support), 和PERFSCHEMA (Performance Schema)
#常用的两个存储引擎是：MYISAM和INNOBASE(InnoDB).
4. Modify the mysql configuration file
#删除原配置项，再重新添加下面内容
vim /etc/my.cnf
#客户端设置
[client]
port = 3306
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
#服务全局设置
[mysqld]
#设置管理用户
user = mysql
#指定数据库的安装目录
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
#指定数据库文件的存储路径
datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
#指定端口
port = 3306
#设置服务器字符集编码格式为utf8
character-set-server=utf8
#指定pid 进程文件路径
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
#指定数据库连接文件
socket=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
#设置监听地址，0.0.0.0代表允许所有，如允许多个IP需空格隔开
bind-address = 0.0.0.0
#禁用DNS解析
skip-name-resolve
#设置mysql的最大连接数
max_connections=2048
#指定默认存储引擎
default-storage-engine=INNODB
#设置数据库接收的数据包大小的最大值
max_allowed_packet=16M
#指定服务ID号
server-id = 1
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
sql_mode常用值如下:
NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
如果需要的存储引擎被禁用或未编译,那么抛出错误。不设置此值时,用默认的存储引擎替代,并抛出一个异常
STRICT_TRANS_TABLES
在该模式下,如果一个值不能插入到一个事务表中,则中断当前的操作,对非事务表不做限制
NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER
禁止GRANT创建密码为空的用户
NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO
mysql中的自增长列可以从0开始。默认情况下自增长列是从1开始的，如果你插入值为0的数据会报错
NO_ZERO_IN_DATE
不允许日期和月份为零
NO_ZERO_DATE
mysql数据库不允许插入零日期,插入零日期会抛出错误而不是警告
ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO
在INSERT或UPDATE过程中，如果数据被零除，则产生错误而非警告。默认情况下数据被零除时MySQL返回NULL
PIPES_AS_CONCAT
将"||"视为字符串的连接操作符而非或运算符，这和Oracle数据库是一样的，也和字符串的拼接函数Concat相类似
ANSI_QUOTES
启用ANSI_QUOTES后，不能用双引号来引用字符串，因为它被解释为识别符
5. Change the owner group of the mysql installation directory and configuration file
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
6. Set the path environment variable
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib">> /etc/profile
source /etc/profile
7. Initialize the database
cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
./mysqld \
--initialize-insecure \
--user=mysql \
--basedir=/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data
8. Add mysqld system service
cp /usr/local/mysql/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl start mysqld.service
systemctl enable mysqld
netstat -anpt | grep 3306
9. Modify the mysql login password
mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456"
Fourth, install and configure the PHP parsing environment
1. Installation environment dependent packages
yum -y install \
gd \
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel
2. Compile and install
cd /opt
tar jxvf php-7.1.10.tar.bz2
cd /opt/php-7.1.10/
./configure \
--prefix=/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip
make && make install
相关解释：
--prefix=/usr/local/php #指定将 PHP 程序的安装路径
--with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock #指定mysql 数据库连接文件的存储路径
--with-mysqli #添加 MySQL 扩展支持 #mysqli扩展技术不仅可以调用MySQL的存储过程、处理MySQL事务，而且还可以使访问数据库工作变得更加稳定
--with-zlib #支持zlib功能，提供数据压缩
--with-curl #开启curl扩展功能，实现HTTP的Get下载和Post请求的方法
--with-gd #激活gd 库的支持
--with-jpeg-dir #激活jpeg 的支持
--with-png-dir #激活png 的支持
--with-freetype-dir
--with-openssl
--enable-fpm
--enable-mbstring #启用多字节字符串功能，以便支持中文等代码
--enable-xml #开启扩展性标记语言模块
--enable-session #会话
--enable-ftp #文本传输协议
--enable-pdo #函数库
--enable-tokenizer #令牌解释器
--enable-zip #ZIP压缩格式
3. Path optimization
ln -s /usr/local/php/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
4. Adjust the PHP configuration file
- php has three configuration files
- Main configuration file------php.ini
- Process service configuration file------php-fpm.conf
- Extended configuration file------www.conf
(1) Adjust the main configuration file
cp /opt/php-7.1.10/php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
vim /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
#939行；取消注释，修改
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
#1170行；修改
mysqli.default_socket = /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
php -m
(2) Adjust the process service configuration file
cd /usr/local/php/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
vim php-fpm.conf
#17行；去掉注释符“;”
pid = run/php-fpm.pid
(3) Adjust the extended configuration file
cd /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf
5. Start php-fpm
#PHP-FPM（FastCGI Process Manager:FastCGI进程管理器），是一个PHPFastCGI管理器，由于Nginx服务器不能处理动态页面，需要把Nginx把动态请求交给php-fpm进程继续解析。
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm -c /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini
netstat -anpt | grep 9000
6. Configure Nginx to support PHP parsing
vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
#65行；取消注释并修改
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
#将/scripts修改成nginx的工作目录
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /usr/local/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
systemctl restart nginx.service
7. Test access page
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
#使用浏览器访问
http://192.168.163.10/index.php
8. Verify the database
mysql -u root -p
#创建一个数据库
CREATE DATABASE bbs;
#把bbs数据库里面所有表的权限授予给bbsuser,并设置密码123456
GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
#刷新数据库
flush privileges;
#查看有哪些数据库
show databases;
vim /usr/local/nginx/html/index.php
<?php
$link=mysqli_connect('192.168.163.10','bbsuser','123456');
if($link)
echo "<h1>Success!!</h1>";
else
echo "Fail!";
?>
5. Deploy the Discz community forum web application
1. Unzip the forum compressed package
cd /opt
unzip /opt/Discuz_X3.4_SC_UTF8.zip -d /opt/dis
#上传站点更新包
cd /opt/dis/dir_SC_UTF8/
cp -r upload/ /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
2. Change the owner of the forum directory
cd /usr/local/nginx/html/bbs
chown -R root:nginx ./config/
chown -R root:nginx ./data/
chown -R root:nginx ./uc_client/
chown -R root:nginx ./uc_server/
chmod -R 777 ./config/
chmod -R 777 ./data/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_client/
chmod -R 777 ./uc_server/
3. Browser access verification
论坛页面访问
http://192.168.163.10/bbs/install/index.php
#填写数据库信息
数据库服务器：localhost ###本地架设就用localhost，如何不是在在本机上就要填写IP地址和端口号
数据库名字：bbs
数据库用户名：bbsuser
数据库密码：123456
管理员账号:admin
管理员密码:admin123
#结束
#论坛内部页面
http://192.168.163.10/bbs/index.php
#论坛后台管理员页面
http://192.168.163.10/bbs/admin.php
