Common operations of openstack mirroring

Download the official mirror

Openstack has a document that lists the downloading methods of virtual machine images of some commonly used operating systems. Most of these images contain cloud-init software packages and support SSH key login (usually password login is not supported). Reference: https://docs.openstack.org/image-guide/obtain-images.html

Change the password of the mirror root user

If you want to set a default root password for virtual machine images such as CentOS, you can refer to the openstack documentation: https://docs.openstack.org/image-guide/modify-images.html

The steps to modify the CentOS virtual machine image and set a default root password are as follows:

# yum install -y libguestfs-tools
# guestfish --rw -a /var/lib/libvirt/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-1805.qcow2
# 注意: 运行guestfish命令的用户必须和虚拟机镜像文件的属主是同一个，否则接下来的操作会失败。
# guestfish命令运行后示例如下：
Welcome to guestfish, the guest filesystem shell for
editing virtual machine filesystems and disk images.

Type: 'help' for help on commands
      'man' to read the manual
      'quit' to quit the shell

><fs> run
><fs> list-filesystems
/dev/sda1: xfs
><fs> mount /dev/sda1 /
><fs> vi /etc/shadow # 将root后的两个冒号之间的内容改成新的加密字符串，可以从别的主机上的/etc/shadow文件中复制过来。
><fs> quit

Upload the image to openstack

Use a user to execute a touch admin-openrccommand on the host to create a new admin-openrc file and add the environment variables required to access openstack. Examples of file contents are as follows:

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
export OS_USERNAME=admin
export OS_PASSWORD=adminpassword
export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3
export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

Then run the following command to upload an image:

$ . admin-openrc
$ glance image-create --name CentOS-7-1805 --file /var/lib/libvirt/images/CentOS-7-x86_64-GenericCloud-1805.qcow2 --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --progress

Now this image can be used for the virtual machine example.

Mirror metadata maintenance

Reference: https://docs.openstack.org/image-guide/image-metadata.html
Many people forget to execute glance-manage db_load_metadefsthis command after setting up openstack , resulting in not seeing the metadata list when creating a virtual machine instance .

Make a virtual machine image

Reference: https://docs.openstack.org/image-guide/create-images-manually.html