table of Contents
definition
The official explanation still needs to be recorded, in case the exam is to be taken. .
The International Association for Systems Engineering (INCOSE) initiated the definition in the "SE Vision 2020" published in 2007 in 2006: MBSE is the formalized application of modeling to support system requirements, design, analysis, verification and validation activities beginning in the conceptual design phase and continuing throughout development and later life cycle phases (MBSE is the formal application of modeling methods to support the requirements, design, analysis, verification and validation activities of the system from the conceptual design phase to the development phase and subsequent life cycle phases)
Following this definition, "SE Vision 2020" has the following explanation: MBSE is part of a long-term trend of shifting to a series of model-centric methods. These methods are applied to engineering fields such as machinery, electronics, and software, replacing them with expectations. The original document-centric approach that system engineers are good at will influence the practice of future systems engineering by fully integrating into the system engineering process.
Okay, the bullshit above is too official, let's talk about it in a simpler way:
First of all, what is a model: a model is an abstract expression of the real world. Mathematical formulas, drawings, or scaled objects are all models;
what is systems engineering, systems engineering is a multidisciplinary life cycle method, which involves technology and There are two aspects of management;
then MBSE, MBSE uses digital models instead of documents to communicate and record. There are several characteristics:
- Integrated multi-disciplinary environment: each discipline has its own model, but it is difficult to integrate these models together;
- Cover the entire life cycle: models are used in solutions, engineering development, system verification, and maintenance. At present, the industry uses more models in solutions, but relatively few models are used in engineering development, system verification, and maintenance;
- Standardized language: sysml is currently used, a language for systems engineering developed from the software unified modeling language uml;
- Automated environment: There are already many big developers have mbse tools, such as rhasphy, doors, through these tools, can greatly reduce the tedious and repetitive work of system engineers, help system engineers focus on value-added work and ensure the adoption of balanced method;
- Combined with simulation: the model can be used for computer simulation. For example, there are already very mature kinematics simulations in the control field, and MBSE wants to expand these simulations to a larger scope, including vision, software flow, electronics, machinery, etc., and finally A completely real virtual world is built on the computer, and the cost of development can be greatly reduced through digital simulation
Why use MBSE
Limitations of traditional text-based system design
In the current aviation, aerospace, automotive and other industries, the increased requirements for ease of use, comfort, safety, etc. of industrial products have led to the increasing electrification and intelligence of current industrial products, and the magnitude of product complexity continues to rise .
The text-based system design has natural limitations, making it increasingly difficult to cope with the current complex product design challenges, such as:
Design documents based on natural language descriptions have poor consistency, low communication efficiency, and ambiguities;
natural language is prone to introduce vague descriptions such as adjectives, and it is difficult to ensure accuracy.
Retrospective analysis between design elements in text descriptions cannot be achieved. It is difficult to accurately assess the impact of changes.
Text-based design schemes cannot be pre-simulated and verified.
Design schemes cannot be associated with digital models (such as CAD) in the detailed design stage...
and the emergence of MBSE technology provides an effective way to deal with these problems.
The value of MBSE
The ultimate value manifestation of a new technology generally includes:
saving costs, saving money,
improving efficiency , saving time,
ensuring product quality, improving product competitiveness, improving
product quality → reducing product problems → reducing R&D cycle & operation and maintenance costs → saving money & saving Time
Product competitiveness increases → sales increase → corporate profits increase
Comparison with traditional design methods
In the traditional design method, the system scheme design stage mostly defines the system by writing scheme design documents:
MBSE (model-based system engineering) = use digital modeling instead of writing documents to design the system scheme, and describe the system structure, Nouns, verbs, adjectives, and parameters required for functions, performance, and specifications are all transformed into digital model expressions.
Three major supports of MBSE: methodology, system design language, system modeling tools
MBSE methodology
MBSE methodology is a guide for designers to carry out system design activities. Different industries and different products have their special places in actual product development, so there will be different choices in methodology.
Which methodology the company chooses in actual projects and which specific tailoring of the methodology needs to be analyzed and determined based on the actual needs of the company’s current R&D process, rather than directly copying a certain “theoretical model”.
System design language
The system design language is the standard "grammar" for describing system design. The current mainstream system design language in the MBSE field is the SysML-System Modeling Language maintained and released by OMG. This language is developed based on UML and specifically addresses the characteristics of the system design field. Extension.
(Although SysML is the mainstream MBSE modeling language, some software tools still use non-SysML languages for model description)
SysML is a graphical design language that contains 9 types of diagrams
System modeling tool
At present, the main MBSE tools in the domestic engineering field are NoMagic (Dassault) MagicDraw and IBM Rhapsody. Others such as Sparx Systems' Enterprise Architecture, Dassault CATIA RFLP, Siemens PLM, ANSYS Scade, etc. also have some applications.
I downloaded a community version of Visual Paradigm here, free
address: https://www.visual-paradigm.com/download/community.jsp
and then enter the email, send you an activation code to activate it and you can use it.
Then you can perform Sysml modeling.
reference
http://www.uml.org.cn/modeler/20190911.asp?artid=22423 To understand MBSE, this article is enough