TypeError: Object of type bytes is not JSON serializable

After I read the data from the mat file with python, I get a dictionary array. I want to store this dictionary array in a json file. Therefore, the json data should be encoded first, so the json.dumps function is used for encoding, but I use json. It is found that there will be problems during the dumps function:
TypeError: Object of type 'bytes' is not JSON serializable

Later, after consulting related information, I found that many data types of the default encoding function cannot be encoded, so you can write an encoder yourself to inherit jsonencoder, so that it can be encoded.

class MyEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
    def default(self, obj):
        if isinstance(obj, bytes):
            return str(obj, encoding='utf-8');
        return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)

Later, similar problems were found during encoding:

TypeError: Object of type 'ndarray' is not JSON serializable

This is the same processing method. When the ndarray data is checked, it is converted into list data:

class MyEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
    def default(self, obj):
        if isinstance(obj, np.ndarray):
            return obj.tolist()
        elif isinstance(obj, bytes):
            return str(obj, encoding='utf-8');
        return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)

Put the final code for your reference:

import scipy.io as sio
import os
import json
import numpy as np
 
load_fn = '2%.mat'
load_data = sio.loadmat(load_fn)
print(load_data.keys())
 
class MyEncoder(json.JSONEncoder):
    def default(self, obj):
        if isinstance(obj, np.ndarray):
            return obj.tolist()
        elif isinstance(obj, bytes):
            return str(obj, encoding='utf-8');
        return json.JSONEncoder.default(self, obj)
 
save_fn = os.path.splitext(load_fn)[0] + '.json'
file = open(save_fn,'w',encoding='utf-8');
file.write(json.dumps(load_data,cls=MyEncoder,indent=4))
file.close()